China’s economic, political and cultural progress in the 60 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China

Achievements in the 60th Anniversary of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China (Military, Political, Economic, Science and Technology)

Military wars on the 60th Anniversary of the Founding of the People’s Republic of China: Basically all seven battles were won. Against Vietnam, against the Soviet Union, against India, against the United States, etc.

In terms of military technology: the nuclear bomb exploded successfully, rockets and satellites went into space, Shenzhou 6 went into space, the development of Godson, etc.

As for other science and technology: Many Chinese-Americans have won Nobel Prizes. Chinese scientists lead the world in research in some high-tech fields, but the basic science and technology level still lags behind developed countries in Europe and the United States.

Political status: One of the five standing committee members of the United Nations. With the growth of national power, China's international status is getting higher and higher.

Economically: Reform and opening up, rapid economic development, gradually making people across the country rich (it has not yet been completed).

Socially and culturally: Although the education system is wrong, it is many times higher than before the founding of the People's Republic of China. The level of various arts and literature is getting higher and higher, and it is gradually gaining a foothold in the world. People's education level has generally improved. The World Expo is also held in China.

In terms of film and television culture: I don’t need to say more about this. The improvement of domestic film and television production levels is obvious. Where could there be so many rich TV programs to watch 10 years ago? Artistic standards are also improving. Folk art is also being protected.

Sports: China’s achievements are so brilliant. It has been ranked among the top three in the Human Olympics for several consecutive years. China’s dominant sports dominate all mankind. The recent Liu Xiang, Yao Ming and ice sports are even more impressive and have huge influence all over the world. Gradually, major world-class sports events will be held: the Olympic Games, F1, Asian Games, etc.

On the territory: Recover Hong Kong and Macau.

National self-confidence: As the country’s strength grows, the people are becoming richer, more confident, and more sophisticated. However, extreme xenophobic nationalism has been on the rise recently, and irrational angry youth have also exerted a certain influence on society's national sentiments. This is detrimental to the stability and development of Chinese society. We cannot have strong nationalism yet. The time has not come yet.

Political system: Generally speaking, it is also making progress.

In general, in these aspects, the political system is still very imperfect and corruption is serious. The ruling party is also working hard to achieve democracy. I believe that with the increase of national strength, China will have a better future.

1. Biotechnology

——Biological Science (1) In 1965, after Chinese scientists deciphered the bovine insulin gene for the first time in the world, they successfully synthesized the insulin. Tisliius, chairman of the Nobel Prize Committee, commented: "What is more convincing than nuclear power is insulin. Because people can learn to make atomic bombs from books, but they cannot learn to make insulin from books..." ( 2) On April 15, 1998, the Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences successfully used genetic methods to recombinant human pancreatin. (3) On March 9, 1984, Chinese young scholar Asahi Rigan cooperated with Japanese scholars to breed the world's first "test-tube goat". In 1989, "test-tube sheep" were successfully bred. (4) Yuan Longping, known around the world as the "Father of Hybrid Rice," was the first to breed indica hybrid rice in the world in 1973. The influence of hybrid rice continued into the 1990s. ——Genetic Engineering (5) Since 1980, the Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics and the Institute of Genetics of Fudan University have collaborated to conduct research on transgenic sheep containing human coagulation factor IX in their milk, making a major breakthrough, putting my country's transgenic sheep technology at the forefront of the world. level. (6) A transgenic pig with low growth and feed consumption, good meat quality and strong disease resistance has been successfully cultivated by the Animal Husbandry Institute of the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Its total gene introduction efficiency is 2.1%, which is more than double that of foreign countries and more than International advanced level. (7) In terms of genetic drugs, in 1988, my country successfully developed a genetically engineered vaccine for hepatitis B; in 1992, it also successfully developed a batch of genetically engineered drugs such as synthetic artificial interferon with special efficacy in treating hepatitis A and hepatitis C. Some of these drugs have entered the market. market.

2. Agricultural Technology (8) As early as 1956, farmer breeding experts in Guangdong Province developed China’s first dwarf indica variety that was widely promoted.

Since then, with the breeding and promotion of a series of dwarf varieties, in 1965, the rice areas in southern my country have basically achieved dwarf indica rice, and the yield per mu has increased from 200-250 kilograms to 300-350 kilograms. (9) In the 1990s, Chinese agricultural scientists used modern biotechnology to isolate and clone the photosensitive nuclear sterility gene, and further developed a two-line hybrid rice technology using only male sterile lines and maintainer lines. In large-scale trial planting across the country, it has shown characteristics such as high yield, high quality and multiple resistance, with an average yield of 11,250 kilograms per hectare. (10) In November 1995, the State Key Laboratory of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Department of Biology of Shandong University jointly developed the world's first transgenic wheat variety resistant to barley dwarf virus. (11) In July 1997, after years of research, Huang Danian, a researcher at the China Rice Research Institute, and his scientific collaborators successfully transferred herbicide-resistant genes into rice and applied them to hybrid rice. (12) In October 1997, Guo Sandui of the Biotechnology Center of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences successfully developed my country’s first bivalent insect-resistant cotton. (13) In September 1998, Professor Gao Mingwei of the Nuclear Agriculture Institute of Zhejiang Agricultural University and others led a research team to successfully cultivate a transgenic stem borer-resistant rice strain for the first time in the world using the Agrobacterium-mediated method. In addition, our country has also made great achievements in advanced technological fields such as laser breeding, radiation mutation breeding, and space breeding.

3. Industrial Technology (14) In July 1956, Shenyang Aircraft Factory successfully trial-produced my country's first jet aircraft. (15) In July 1957, Kunming Machine Tool Factory successfully trial-produced my country's first high-precision electric coordinate boring machine. (16) In October 1957, Anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. No. 2 Blooming Mill successfully trial-produced my country’s first 1150 mm blooming mill. (17) In June 1958, Changchun First Automobile Manufacturing Plant successfully trial-produced China's first domestically produced luxury sedan. (18) In April 1961, Shanghai Jiangnan Shipyard successfully manufactured China’s first 10,000-ton hydraulic press.

4. Communication technology - large computer (19) In December 1983, the Computer Research Institute of the National University of Defense Technology developed a large computer system named "Galaxy". Since then, our country has entered the ranks of the world in developing supercomputers. (20) In October 1993, the "Shuguang-1" large-scale parallel computer was successfully developed. ——Microelectronics Technology (21) Since the successful research and development of the first monolithic integrated circuit in 1965, several key scientific research and production bases for integrated circuits have been established. It can now produce 250 million circuits per year, an increase of 45%. At the end of the "Ninth Five-Year Plan", the mass production level of integrated circuits is 1-1.5 micron, the research level is 0.8 micron, and results have been achieved in pre-research on 0.5-0.6 micron process technology. ——Intelligent robots (22) At present, the intelligent robots that have been successfully developed in our country mainly include: mobile working robots in the nuclear industry; wall crawling robots; mobile robots that work in harsh outdoor environments; 1000-meter and 6000-meter cableless robots underwater... ——Laser technology (23) After more than 10 years of research, my country's research on X-rays, oxygen-iodine chemical lasers, free electron lasers, high-power solid titanium glass lasers and excimer lasers has reached or is close to the international advanced level. ——Three major high-energy physics research facilities (24) In the 1980s, my country successively built three major high-energy physics research facilities—Beijing Electron Positron Collider, Lanzhou Heavy Ion Accelerator and Hefei Synchrotron Radiation Facility. ——New Material Technology (25) Following the United States, Germany and a few other countries, Chinese scientists have developed microalloy steel. (26) my country is now able to produce large-diameter silicon single crystals with a diameter of 300 mm and a weight of 81 kg. The actual information writing is at the leading international level. (27) The performance of energy, ceramics, superconductors and other materials has reached the world’s advanced level. 4. Two bombs and one satellite and aerospace technology - two bombs and one satellite (28) On October 16, 1964, my country's first atomic bomb successfully exploded, which shocked the world; in 1967, my country's first hydrogen bomb successfully exploded. These are my country's famous "two bombs." On April 24, 1970, my country's first artificial satellite flew out of the earth and entered space singing "The East is Red". Since then, "two bombs and one satellite" have been written into the history of science and technology in New China. (29) In 1960, China successfully developed its first short-range surface-to-surface missile. ——Long March series rockets (30) In the early 1960s, our country began to develop large-scale launch vehicle technology.

In May 1980, the launch of a large launch vehicle into the Pacific Ocean was a complete success, marking that our country's launch vehicle technology has reached a new level. (31) On September 20, 1981, my country used a large rocket for the first time to launch three satellites with different purposes into the earth orbit, successfully achieving the feat of sending multiple satellites with one rocket. (32) According to the needs of space transportation, our country has successfully developed four types of "Long March" series of rockets, including "Long March 1", "Long March 2", "Long March 3", and "Long March 4". At present, my country's Long March rocket family has developed into a rocket series of 9 models, which has made foreign countries aware of China's aerospace carrying capacity and level, marking that China's aerospace technology has a solid foundation. ——Artificial Earth Satellite (33) On April 24, 1970, our country carried out the first launch of an artificial earth satellite and successfully placed the first satellite into a predetermined orbit. On March 3, 1972, our country launched its second science and technology test satellite. On November 16, 1975, China's first returnable remote sensing satellite was successfully launched.

5. Energy Technology - Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy (34) In October 1966, China successfully launched its first missile and nuclear weapon test. (35) In August 1971, the first nuclear submarine built by China was launched. (36) In June 1958, with the help of the former Soviet Union, our country built its first experimental atomic reactor. The Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant in Zhejiang Province is the first nuclear power plant designed and built by my country. It adopts the most technologically mature, safe and reliable pressurized water reactor type in the world, and adopts safety design standards that have been tested in practice. Construction started in 1984, and it was completed and connected to the grid for the first time in December 1991. So far, my country already has two nuclear power plants in Qinshan and Guangdong Daya Bay, and the country plans to build four more nuclear power projects in the near future. (37) In addition, there are several other nuclear reactors under development in our country: 1. Tsinghua University Nuclear Energy Design Institute has successfully developed a 5-megawatt nuclear heating reactor; 2. The 600,000-kilowatt advanced pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant AC600 is currently under construction in China. Developed by the Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute; 3. The 10-MW high-temperature gas-cooled experimental reactor is currently being developed by the Tsinghua University Nuclear Energy Design Institute; 4. The fast breeder reactor nuclear power plant is expected to be put into commercial operation around 2020; 5. Manufacturers of fusion reactor nuclear power plants have been included in the "863 Plan" since 1958. ——Other new energy sources (38) Magnetic fluid power generation has been studied since the 1960s, and three research bases of a certain scale have been established in the 1980s. Currently, this project has been included in the "863 Plan", and it is planned to build a 2-terabyte power plant by the end of this century. Coal-fired magnetic fluid power generation-steam combined cycle experimental device. (39) The research and development of solar power generation began in 1958. Currently, there are about 38 units and universities across the country engaged in photovoltaic research and development. Since the commercial production of terrestrial solar cells began in 1976, there are now 12 production lines or factories for terrestrial solar cells. (40) Wind power has developed rapidly in the northern part of the Three North Region and the southeastern coast and islands. In 1986, Rongcheng City, Shandong Province introduced three generating units to form my country’s first wind power station. In 1991, together with the German ***, the Shengsi City, Zhejiang Province was completed. The construction of wind power stations and grid-connected power generation are operating well. (41) Biomass energy is a rural energy source that the Chinese government has vigorously developed in recent years by adopting the policy of "adapting measures to local conditions, complementing multiple energy sources, rational utilization, and focusing on efficiency" and has achieved obvious results. (42) In terms of geothermal energy, the Yangbajing Geothermal Power Station that uses geothermal power to generate electricity has been built in Tibet, with a power generation capacity of 27,000 kilowatts. (43) my country has built several experimental tidal energy power stations in the southeastern coastal areas, with installed capacities of 40-640 kilowatts.

6. Scientific Expedition - Scientific Expedition to Qinghai-Tibet (44) Since the 1960s, my country's scientific expedition activities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have been uninterrupted. Two scientific expeditions to the Mount Everest region in the 1960s and 1970s, and the Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in the 1970s, conducted a comprehensive and systematic investigation of the Tibet Autonomous Region, and published 46 books and 56 volumes. Since 1973, several generations of Chinese scientists have conducted eight scientific expeditions to the Grand Canyon, gaining a new understanding of the Grand Canyon's formation history, resources and environment, and its relationship with humans and natural resources.

——Ocean and Polar Scientific Expedition (45) In 1970, the ship "Xiangyanghong 5" conducted the first comprehensive survey of a specific ocean area in the Pacific Ocean, and obtained valuable multi-disciplinary data such as ocean gravity, magnetism, water depth, geology, and hydrology. In May 1980, the "Xiangyanghong 5" ship went to the Pacific again to perform a mission, exploring the "El Ni?o" phenomenon and making contributions to my country's maritime undertakings, national defense construction and international maritime cooperation. (46) In the mid-1980s, my country began polar expeditions. On December 30, 1984, China's first Antarctic expedition team landed on George Island and established the China Antarctic Great Wall Station, which was completed on February 20, 1985. On September 26, 1989, China Antarctic Zhongshan Station was completed on the Antarctic continent. (47) In June 1999, my country made its first expedition to the Arctic. ——Investigation of paleontological fossils (48) From 1984 to 1995, Chinese scientists discovered a large number of animal fossils in Chengjiang, Yunnan, which revealed the suddenness of biological evolution and challenged the Darwinian evolution theory represented by the traditional "gradualism". It is called by the international scientific community: one of the most amazing discoveries of the 20th century. (49) In 1997, Chinese scientists investigated the Precambrian phosphorus-bearing strata in Weng'an, Guizhou, and discovered a large number of micro-multicellular animals and embryonic fossils, pushing the origin of animals forward by 50 million years, and once again achieved progress in early animal research. A major breakthrough. ——The Xia, Shang and Zhou Dating Project (50) The Xia, Shang and Zhou Dating Project is a large-scale project that combines natural science with social and humanistic sciences to solve the problem of chronology of the three generations. The project set up 9 subjects, 40 special topics, and 170 scholars conducted joint inspections and achieved fruitful results in philology, astronomy, archeology, and paleography. These achievements will become a new step in the study of ancient Chinese civilization heading into the 21st century. starting point. A review of the scientific and technological achievements in the above aspects will inevitably lead to many mistakes. In the long river of human history, 50 years is just a short moment, but China's 50 years of science and technology have made indelible achievements in the process of seeking to enrich the country and strengthen the people. China's science and technology has gone through 50 years, and it will create an even more glorious 50 years.

Sixty years ago, Qingyuan, like the whole country, was devastated by war. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the hard-working and brave people of Qingyuan overcame obstacles and worked hard to write a magnificent poem of continuous self-improvement. After 60 years of hard struggle, the economy and society have undergone earth-shaking changes, especially the 11th National Congress of the Party. Since the Third Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee and the founding of the city in 1988, the people of Qingyuan, under the leadership of the Party, have adhered to the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development, with economic construction as the center, persisted in reform and opening up, pioneered and innovated, and forged ahead bravely. , created remarkable and brilliant achievements. It has completely changed the poverty and backwardness of "the poorest place in the world" and the "cold pole" of Guangdong's development.

1. Great leaps in economic development

In the early days of liberation, due to the catastrophes of successive wars, Qingyuan, located in northern Guangdong, suffered from a declining economy and people's livelihood. In 1949, the city's gross product (GDP) was only 92 million yuan, and the per capita GDP was 61 yuan. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, under the leadership of the party and the government, the economy recovered and developed rapidly. In 1978, the city's GDP grew to 723 million yuan, an increase of 3.4 times compared with 1949 when excluding price factors, with an average annual growth rate of 5.3%; the city's per capita GDP grew to 255 yuan, an increase of 1.3 times compared with 1949 after excluding price factors. The average annual growth rate is 3.0%. After the reform and opening up, Qingyuan's economy ushered in the spring of development, especially after the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The municipal party committee and municipal government updated their ideas and innovative development methods, and proposed the "three modernizations" with investment promotion as the breakthrough point and industrialization as the core. With the development strategy of "One Park", the economic development has advanced by leaps and bounds, and a national economic system with agriculture as the foundation, industry as the leading role and the tertiary industry flourishing has initially been formed. From 2004 to 2008, Qingyuan's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 25.7%, and the growth rate of many major economic indicators ranked first in the province for five consecutive years, achieving the brilliant result of "five consecutive championships". In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, the city's GDP has increased by 32.9 times, with an average annual growth rate of 12.5%; per capita GDP has increased by 24.7 times, with an average annual growth rate of 11.4%. In 2008, the city's GDP reached 74.66 billion yuan, an increase of 149 times compared with 1949 after excluding price factors, with an average annual growth rate of 8.9%; the per capita GDP reached 20,205 yuan, an increase of 59.2 times compared with 1949 after excluding price factors, with an average annual growth rate of 7.2 %.

In September 2007, the National Bureau of Statistics published the list of the top 100 cities in the "2006 Comparative Study on the Comprehensive Strength of Cities at Prefecture Level and Above in my country". Qingyuan City ranked 95th, entering the ranks of the top 100 cities in the country for the first time. In 2008, the city's total fiscal revenue reached 8.91 billion yuan, an increase of 656 times compared with 1950. As of the end of 2008, among the 21 cities at the prefecture level and above in the province, Qingyuan ranked 12th in the province in terms of GDP and local fiscal general budget revenue, and ranked 5th and 5th in fixed asset investment and large-scale industrial added value respectively. Ranked 9th, the comprehensive economic strength has jumped from the lower reaches of the province to the midstream level.

2. Profound changes in the economic structure

In 1949, the city's total industrial output value was only 9.62 million yuan, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 97.15 million yuan, and the grain output was only 360,000 tons. The three industrial structures are 76:15:9. Although agriculture occupies an absolute dominant position, the production level is very low, and industry and commerce are even more backward. After liberation, especially since the reform and opening up, industry, agriculture and the tertiary industry have developed rapidly. The agricultural economy has developed from traditional farming to base-based, industrialized and standardized production, and the comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been greatly improved. In 2008, the city's total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery reached 15.41 billion yuan, and grain output reached 755,000 tons, an increase of 16.2 times and 1.1 times respectively compared with 1949. The fruit output was 363,000 tons and the aquatic product output was 84,000 tons, an increase of 259 times and 32.6 times respectively compared with 1952. Modern service industries such as transportation, tourism, real estate, finance and insurance are booming. Under the guidance of the "back garden" strategic thinking, we continue to explore new ways to develop the tourism industry, make full use of rich tourism resources to vigorously develop the tourism industry, and have successively won the titles of "China's Excellent Tourism City", "China's Hot Spring Town", and "China's Rafting Town" ", "Europeans' favorite Chinese scenic spot" and a large number of tourism brands and titles. In 2008, it received 14.4011 million domestic tourists, with domestic tourism revenue of 5.22 billion yuan, inbound tourists of 478,900, and tourism foreign exchange revenue of 59.15 million US dollars. At the end of 2008, the local currency deposit balance of the city's financial institutions was 64.51 billion yuan, an increase of 613 times compared with 1978. The premium income of various insurance companies reached 1.21 billion yuan.

After 60 years of development, Qingyuan has not only undergone tremendous changes in its economic aggregate, but also in its structure. The first is the leap from an agricultural economic society to an industrialized society. In 2008, the city's three industry composition was 13.3:57.5:29.2, and the industrial economy accounted for 53% of the dominant position in the national economy. Furthermore, profound changes have also taken place in the economic system. In 1978, in the city's industrial economy, the output value of ownership by the whole people accounted for 72%, and the output value of the collective economy accounted for 28%. The public economy dominates the world. After the reform and opening up, various economic sectors competed to develop. In 2008, in the industrial economy, the output value of the public economy accounted for only 5.9%, the output value of foreign-invested enterprises accounted for 48%, the joint-stock economy accounted for 39.7%, and other economies accounted for 6.3%.

3. Industrial production has advanced by leaps and bounds

Qingyuan’s industrial development has experienced from scratch, from weak to strong, from relatively closed to reform and opening up, from planned economy to market economy. A winding and turbulent road. In 1949, the industrial output value was only 11 million yuan, and the industrial foundation was very weak. After liberation, the industrial economy developed rapidly. In 1978, the city's total industrial output value grew to 520 million yuan, an increase of 49 times compared with 1949 after excluding price factors. After the reform and opening up, especially after the 16th Party Congress, the municipal party committee and the municipal government seized the historical opportunity of industrial transfer in developed areas and vigorously promoted investment promotion. They successively introduced a large number of well-known domestic and foreign brand enterprises and industrial clusters such as Anhui Conch Group and Yunnan Copper. The degree of industrialization and parkization has been continuously improved, and a number of distinctive industrial parks such as China (Qingyuan) Renewable Resources Demonstration Base and Qingyuan Ceramics Industrial City have been built. At present, ten major industrial systems have been initially formed, including building materials, electricity, machinery and equipment, metal products, textiles and clothing, shoemaking and leather, electronic home appliances, agricultural and sideline products processing, chemicals and medicine, and scrap metal material recycling. In 2007, the city's total industrial output value exceeded 100 billion yuan for the first time, reaching 117.26 billion yuan, ranking tenth in the province and entering the ranks of the top ten industrial cities in the province. In 2008, the city's total industrial output value reached 169.2 billion yuan, an increase of 8211.5 times compared with 1949 after excluding price factors.

4. Remarkable achievements in infrastructure construction

In the early days of liberation, Qingyuan’s infrastructure construction was poor. After 60 years of investment and construction, the basic conditions for economic and social development have been significantly improved. From 1950 to 2008, the city's fixed asset investment totaled 260.35 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 23.8%. From 1962 to 2008, capital construction investment totaled 84.3 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 16.9%. The Qinglian Expressway, Guangzhou Expressway and Guangzhou Expressway were built. Qingdao Expressway, Qingyuan Section of Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway, Fengcheng Bridge, Beijiang Bridge sister bridge, National Highway 106 and 107, Qingyuan Port and other major transportation projects. It is the first among mountainous cities in the province to realize grade-level highways from counties (cities) to towns. In 2008, the highway mileage was 17,485 kilometers, an increase of 156 times compared with 1949, of which 306 kilometers were expressways. The Feilaixia Water Conservancy Project, Yueliang Power Plant, Yangshan Thermal Power Plant and a large number of small hydropower plants were built successively, and the power generation capacity increased from 110,000 kWh in 1949 to 5.055 billion kWh. A number of power transmission and transformation projects above 1,000 volts and rural-urban power grid projects have been completed, and the scale of the power grid has reached the middle level of the province. Postal and telecommunications communications have also developed rapidly. At the end of 2008, the number of mobile users in the city reached 2.021 million, an increase of 2 million over 1996; the number of fixed-line users was 674,000, an increase of 673,000 over 1957. At present, the city has implemented program-controlled telephone exchanges and digitized long-distance transmission.

5. The urban and rural landscape is changing with each passing day

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China 60 years ago, especially since the founding of the city, the urban and rural landscape has undergone profound changes. The urban framework has continued to expand, the infrastructure is basically complete, and the urban functions Relatively complete, the image of Qingyuan as a regional economic and cultural center and a modern city has been presented to people. The black-bottom transformation of main roads in urban areas and counties has been basically completed. The level of urban beautification, greening and lighting has been further improved, with the green coverage rate reaching 36.95% and the green space rate reaching 33.78%. Urban sewage discharge and domestic waste treatment facilities have been developed from scratch, the daily processing capacity has been significantly enhanced, and urban functions have become more complete. As of July 2009, the cumulative investment in real estate development was 35.7 billion yuan, with a built-up area of ??11.02 million square meters. The cumulative investment in urban and rural private housing construction is 26.2 billion yuan. Large-scale real estates have sprung up like mushrooms after a rain. Dozens of 20- and 30-story high-rise buildings stand on both sides of the Beijiang River, becoming a beautiful scenery along the Beijiang River. With blue skies and white clouds, green mountains and green waters, and convenient transportation, it has been rated as a "Livable City in China" by the China Cities International Association. It has become a paradise for citizens to live and work in peace and contentment and for businessmen at home and abroad to invest in property. By the end of 2008, the per capita housing area in urban areas reached 30 square meters. The pace of building a new socialist countryside continues to accelerate, rural roads extend in all directions, rural drinking water safety projects are accelerated, and the degree of rural housing construction continues to increase, with the per capita housing area in rural areas reaching 27.5 square meters.

6. Domestic trade is prosperous

In the 60 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, our city’s traditional commerce and trade industry has developed rapidly. Under the guidance of the idea of ??“big market, big circulation, big commerce”, in 2008 The city's total retail sales of consumer goods totaled 25.062 billion yuan, an increase of 260 times from 96 million yuan in 1957, with an average annual growth rate of 11.5%. Various new retail formats such as chain supermarkets, specialty stores, and specialty stores have emerged. A large number of modern chain enterprises such as Gome Electrical Appliances, Xinyijia, China Resources Vanguard, Yihua Department Store, McDonald's, and KFC have settled in our city, and there are 43 star-rated hotels. Comprehensive farmers' markets have been established in most towns and villages, and individual businesses are active in urban and rural markets, promoting the prosperity of urban and rural markets. In 2008, the city's urban retail sales of consumer goods reached 17.19 billion yuan, an increase of 155.3 times over 1975; rural retail sales of consumer goods reached 7.87 billion yuan, an increase of 55.2 times over 1975.

7. Rapid development of foreign economy

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, due to the economic blockade imposed by foreign governments on our country, our city's foreign economy was almost blank. With the deepening of reform and opening up, foreign economic and trade activities have developed rapidly. From 1988 to 2008, a total of 3,502 foreign investment projects were signed, with a contract investment amount of US$6.275 billion, and an actual utilization of foreign investment of US$3.266 billion. The incoming investment projects have penetrated into all major industries of the national economy. As of the first half of 2009, the city's* **1,000 "foreign-funded" enterprises have been registered, with a registered capital of more than US$3.5 billion.

In 2008, the city's total import and export volume was US$2.968 billion, of which the total export volume expanded from US$07 million in 1988 to US$1.377 billion. In addition to general trade, processing trade has become the main form of foreign trade. The actual amount of foreign capital utilized continues to expand. In 2008, the city's actual utilized foreign capital amounted to US$515 million, an increase of 81 times compared with 1988. Especially from 2004 to 2006, the actual utilized foreign capital growth rate ranked first in the province for three consecutive years.

8. Comprehensive progress in various social undertakings

The scale of education continues to expand, and the number of students in school increases significantly. In 2008, there were 324,200 students in ordinary secondary schools, an increase of 320,200 from 1952, the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. 10 national-level model high schools and 117 provincial and municipal first-level schools have been built. Qingyuan Vocational and Technical College was founded, and colleges and universities such as Nanhua Institute of Technology and Business were introduced. In 2008, there were 8,500 students enrolled in ordinary colleges and universities, achieving a breakthrough from scratch. Qingyuan Technical School was rated as a national key senior technical school. Currently, there are nearly 40,000 students enrolled in various vocational schools. Free compulsory education has been fully implemented in urban and rural areas. In 2008, there were 547,000 students enrolled in nine-year compulsory free education, and the completion rate of compulsory education reached 97.8%.

Science and technology are booming. In 2008, the number of scientific and technological activity organizations increased to 18, with 2,627 people engaged in scientific and technological activities, 180 patent applications, and 149 patent authorizations. The ability of independent innovation has been continuously enhanced, and the "Provincial Power Cable Engineering Technology Research Center" and the "National Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center" have been established. ***There are 17 companies that have the titles of Chinese famous brand products, national inspection-free products or Guangdong famous brand products. There are 11 high-tech enterprises recognized by the state and 39 provincial-level private technology enterprises.

The cultural and health undertakings develop healthily. In 2008, there were 8 cultural centers, 10 public libraries and 9 museums in the city. The library has a collection of 805,000 books. The number of newspaper publications was 13.822 million. TV coverage is 97%. The length of optical fiber laid is 6375.8 kilometers. The number of various health institutions has grown to 654. The number of beds in health institutions was 7,969, an increase of 22 times compared with 1952, and the number of technical personnel in health institutions was 10,600, an increase of 9,800 compared with 1952. There are 21.57 beds and 28.64 doctors per 10,000 people, an increase of 9.3 times and 4.5 times respectively compared with 1952.

Social security has been comprehensively promoted. With the deepening of the reform of the economic system and the reform of state-owned enterprises, the reform of the supporting social security system has also accelerated across the board, and various social security reforms have been steadily advancing. In 2008, the number of people participating in basic pension insurance reached 467,300, the number of people participating in basic medical insurance was 313,700, and the number of people participating in urban minimum living security was 11,400.

9. People's living standards have improved significantly

In the 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the rapid development of the economy, residents' income has grown rapidly, and the people's living standards and quality have continued to improve. In 2008, the city's average annual salary of on-the-job employees was 25,772 yuan, an increase of 2.7 times compared with 1998. The per capita disposable income of urban residents in urban areas is 13,006 yuan, an increase of 39.5% compared with 2005. The per capita net income of rural households is 4,887 yuan, an increase of nearly 47 times compared with 1978. Households’ ownership of major durable consumer goods continues to increase, and their grades continue to upgrade. High-end consumer goods such as refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, mobile phones, computers, and cars are gradually entering ordinary people's homes. The diet gradually changes from the original subsistence type to nutritious, fresh and simple type. The level of consumption continues to upgrade, and the consumption structure becomes more reasonable.

60 years of vicissitudes, 60 years of great changes. The people of Qingyuan have built a small town in northern Guangdong into one of the top 100 comprehensive cities in the country, and the former "cold pole" has become today's "hot spot" for investment. On October 25, 2005, the People's Daily introduced the experience of the "Qingyuan Phenomenon" in the leapfrog development of late-developing areas with the article "Guangdong is brewing changes in its development model". Faced with past achievements, the people of Qingyuan are not complacent. In the future, we will use the "Four Modernizations" strategy as a guide and work hard towards the grand goal of "a strong city with a green economy, a famous livable city in Lingnan, and a leisure capital in South China"!