What welfare policies does the state have for the disabled?

Abstract: Disabled people are vulnerable groups, so the state and society attach great importance to the protection of disabled people and will give them care in all aspects. Including social subsidies, employment benefits, welfare homes set up by local people's governments at all levels and society, and other placement and adoption institutions, are all committed to changing the plight of the disabled. Let's take a look at what welfare policies the state has for the disabled. I. Quantity Distribution

By the end of 217, there were still more than 2.81 million poverty-stricken persons with disabilities who had established a national file.

First, the proportion of severely disabled people is large. There are 1.52 million severely disabled people with disability grade I and II, accounting for 54% of the total number of poor disabled people.

second, the distribution is scattered. The proportion of deep poverty areas is high, and there are also many poor disabled people with flower arrangement in non-deep poverty areas.

Third, poverty is caused not only by low income, but also by environmental factors.

second, poverty alleviation strategy

first, it has been further incorporated into the overall situation of national poverty alleviation and development, and it has been promoted with emphasis. The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Winning the Battle against Poverty" clearly puts forward: increase the development and implementation of rehabilitation projects, special education, skills training, foster care services and daily necessities for the disabled. The relevant state departments have formulated and issued a series of policy documents. It can be said that the top-level design of poverty alleviation for poor disabled people under the strategy of precise poverty alleviation has been basically completed.

Second, the number of poor disabled people is decreasing year by year. With the strong support of local party committees and governments at all levels, the "two worries and three guarantees" for poor disabled families have been well implemented. In the past five years, more than 5 million poor disabled people have been lifted out of poverty, and their family production and living conditions have been significantly improved. More than 3 million poor disabled people who have the ability and willingness to work have mastered more than one skill through practical technical training. 445, poor disabled families have significantly improved their housing conditions through the renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas, and 83, poor disabled people have been supported by rehabilitation poverty alleviation loans, effectively alleviating the difficulty of shortage of production funds.

Third, it promoted the establishment of poverty alleviation system for the poor disabled and the development and application of daily necessities for the disabled. The State Council has formulated a system of living allowance for disabled people with difficulties and nursing allowance for severely disabled people (hereinafter referred to as "two subsidies") and a system of rehabilitation assistance for disabled children. Among them, the "two subsidies" system has been established in all administrative divisions of the country, and 21 million disabled people have benefited from it. The "two subsidies" have become a major institutional support for poor disabled people to get rid of poverty.

iii. social security

welfare for the disabled

welfare for the disabled is the facilities, conditions and services provided by the state and society for the disabled in life, work, education, medical care and rehabilitation on the basis of ensuring their basic material needs. It mainly includes the following contents:

1. Develop employment opportunities for the disabled through multiple channels, levels and forms, expand the scope of employment, provide employment opportunities, and guarantee the right to work and self-realization of the disabled;

2. Vigorously develop special education for the disabled and improve their cultural quality and self-reliance ability;

3. Carry out legislation, publicity and education to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled and provide special protection, and call on the society to respect, care for and help the disabled;

4. Production of facilities and equipment for disabled people's life, work, education and cultural and recreational activities;

5. Provide convenience for the disabled as much as possible in all fields of social undertakings, and so on.

Social welfare is an important part of social security. It is a social security policy adopted by the state and society to ensure and maintain a certain quality of life and meet their basic material and spiritual needs, as well as the facilities and corresponding services provided. Welfare for the disabled is an important item of social welfare.

what are the responsibilities of the state and society to protect and improve the lives of the disabled?

1. The state and society take assistance, relief and other welfare measures to ensure and improve the lives of the disabled;

2. Give relief and subsidies to disabled people who have real difficulties in life through various channels;

3. Provide support and relief to the disabled who have no ability to work, no dependents and no source of livelihood;

4. The local people's governments at all levels and the society set up welfare homes and other placement and adoption institutions to resettle and adopt disabled people in accordance with regulations and gradually improve their lives.

Special care

1. Public service institutions should actively create conditions to provide priority services and auxiliary services for the disabled;

2. When people with disabilities take buses, trams, subways, ships, ferries, trains, airplanes and other public transport vehicles, they should provide convenience and care for them; The assistive devices necessary for the disabled should be allowed to be carried free of charge;

3. Blind people should take local buses, trams, subways and ferries free of charge, and all books and mails for blind people should be delivered free of charge;

4. The people's governments at the county and township levels shall, according to the specific circumstances, reduce or exempt rural disabled persons from compulsory labor, public welfare fees and other social burdens. People's governments at all levels should gradually increase other care and assistance for the disabled.

with the gradual improvement of the legal system, the state is paying more and more attention to protecting the interests of the disabled through legislative means, giving them as much care as possible, preventing them from being eliminated by society, avoiding discrimination against them, and helping them adapt to society.

create a good social environment for the disabled

gradually create a good environment for the disabled, which is an important condition for the disabled to fully participate in social life and also a manifestation of social civilization and progress. The state and society should gradually create a good environment and constantly improve the conditions for disabled people to participate in social life. Good environment, including social material environment and social spiritual environment:

1. Social material environment: the state and society gradually implement the design specifications for urban roads and buildings that are convenient for the disabled and adopt barrier-free measures;

2. Social and spiritual environment: the state and society promote mutual understanding and exchanges between disabled people and other citizens, publicize the cause of disabled people and the deeds of helping disabled people, carry forward the spirit of self-improvement of disabled people, and advocate the social fashion of unity, friendship and mutual assistance.

On April 1st, 24, the 1th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th Beijing Municipal People's Congress deliberated and passed the Regulations on the Construction and Management of Barrier-free Facilities in Beijing, which came into effect on May 16th, 24.

how to achieve equal opportunities in social security for disabled people

1. Equality in legislation

When formulating laws, regulations and policies, we should avoid adverse effects on disabled people's exercise of civil rights and freedoms, eliminate discrimination and ensure that they have equal opportunities with other citizens.

2. Equal employment opportunities

Most disabled people have the ability to work, so helping them can work according to the current work standards, ensuring their equal participation in employment can enhance their autonomy, and economic independence is the basis for obtaining other equal opportunities.

3. Equal access to the environment

The most important factor that affects a person's daily life is the environment, and disabled people should enjoy the material environment like other citizens.

4. Equal opportunities for education and training

Disabled people have the same right to receive education and training as other citizens, and special educational institutions should be established to ensure their equal access to education and training.

5. Equal performance of obligations

They enjoy equal rights and should undertake equal obligations, and the state society creates conditions for them to undertake the responsibilities as members of society.

Social security for the disabled

In 214, 18 provinces and 15 provinces in China established poverty living allowance and intensive care allowance specifically for the disabled. In 214, 5.88 million disabled people enjoyed different degrees of rehabilitation services, and 8,533 disabled people entered ordinary colleges and universities to receive higher education. Another 2, disabled people in cities and towns have found jobs. At the same time, there are 1.2 million poor disabled people in rural areas, and nearly 8, disabled people's families in rural areas have rebuilt dangerous houses.

Establishing a basic livelihood guarantee mechanism for the disabled

In January p>215, the State Council issued the Opinions on Accelerating the Process of Well-off Society for the Disabled, focusing on the basic livelihood guarantee for the disabled and increasing employment income, and focusing on four policy measures:

First, establishing a basic livelihood guarantee mechanism for the disabled. In particular, it is clearly necessary to establish a living allowance system for disabled people with difficulties, a nursing allowance for severely disabled people and rehabilitation assistance for disabled children.

Second, do everything possible to promote the employment and income increase of disabled people and their families. Accelerate the pace of poverty alleviation for disabled people in rural areas, implement various policies and measures to promote the employment of disabled people, so that more disabled people with employment aspirations and abilities can have stable jobs and incomes.

the third is to strengthen and improve basic public services for the disabled. Expand the supply of basic public services for the disabled, improve their self-development ability, and provide necessary guarantee for their integration and participation in society.

the fourth is to further play the role of social forces and market mechanisms. Vigorously develop charity for the disabled, accelerate the development of service industry for the disabled, increase the government's efforts to purchase services for the disabled, and inject lasting impetus into accelerating the process of well-off for the disabled.

Supreme People's Procuratorate: Intensify the crackdown on all kinds of criminal crimes that infringe on the rights and interests of disabled people

December 3, 215 is the International Day of Disabled People designated by the United Nations. The Supreme People's Procuratorate and the China Disabled Persons' Federation issued opinions on earnestly safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of disabled people in procuratorial work. The opinions have intensified the crackdown on various criminal crimes that infringe on the rights and interests of disabled people. The opinions clearly demand that cases such as forcing intellectual disabled people to work, abducting disabled women and children, organizing disabled people to beg by violence or coercion, organizing begging after intentional injury and disability, and organizing, coercing and instigating disabled people to commit criminal activities be severely cracked down according to law.

There are 24 opinions in full * * *. According to the relevant provisions of the revised three procedural laws, combined with the legal responsibilities of the people's procuratorate and all aspects of handling cases, the relevant procedures for handling cases involving disabled people are specified in detail.

firstly, the opinions clearly stipulate the principles and requirements of people's procuratorates in handling cases involving the disabled, that is, they should strictly follow the provisions of the law, implement the policies of the party and the state on the protection of the rights and interests of the disabled, pay attention to caring for and assisting the disabled, facilitate their litigation, take effective measures to prevent violations of their rights and interests, ensure their equal and full participation in litigation activities and social life, and promote the enjoyment and realization of their legitimate rights and interests.

IV. Preferential policies

(1) Tax incentives

(1) Labor services provided by individuals with disabilities are exempt from business tax.

(2) The income of disabled persons shall be applied by the taxpayer and reported to the Municipal Local Taxation Bureau for examination and approval, and personal income tax shall be temporarily exempted.

(3) For welfare factories organized by the civil affairs department and social welfare production units that are not transferred from the neighborhood offices, where the "four disabled" personnel account for more than 35% (including 35%) of the total production personnel, income tax is temporarily exempted. Where the placement of the "four disabled" personnel accounts for more than 1% of the total number of production personnel and does not reach 35%, the income tax will be levied by half.

(4) For the welfare factory land held by the civil affairs department, the land use tax will be temporarily exempted if the disabled persons account for more than 35% (including 35%) of the total number of production personnel.

(2) Fee reduction

(1) Where the disabled are engaged in handicraft industry, commerce, service industry, repair industry, etc. on a small scale, the registration fee, individual association fee and management fee will be charged by half. Large-scale (hiring helpers), the management fee is charged at 9% according to the approved standard, and the association fee is appropriately charged.

(2) After verification, disabled people with particularly difficult families are engaged in business activities, and they can be exempted from registration fees, membership fees and management fees after reporting to the bureau for approval.

(3) Wholly-owned enterprises and partnership enterprises with more than 3% disabled employees shall be treated as welfare enterprises, and the management fee shall be charged at 7% of the approved standard.

(4) If a disabled person leads a wholly-owned enterprise or partnership enterprise, the registration fee will be halved.

(5) Where the disabled are engaged in business such as books, electronic games, karaoke, billiards, video and DVD rental on a small scale, the management fee will be exempted. Large-scale (hired helpers), with more than 3% (including 3%) of disabled employees, the management fee is charged at 5% according to the approved standard.

(III) How to apply for legal aid or legal aid

When a disabled person encounters an infringement or civil dispute, he needs to bring a lawsuit to the people's court. If legal aid or legal aid is really necessary, he can apply for legal aid directly from the local legal aid center, or from the designated legal rights protection institution for the disabled, or entrust a lawyer's office or legal service to handle relevant matters. The specific application process is shown in the above figure.

if a party refuses to accept the judgment of the first instance of the court and needs to file an appeal, he can also apply for assistance from the legal aid institution at the same level of the court of second instance and the legal rights protection institution for the disabled. The specific procedures are the same.

(4) Institutions must arrange employment for the disabled in proportion

According to the Measures for the Implementation of the Law on the Protection of the Disabled in Henan Province and the Measures for the Proportional Employment of the Disabled in Henan Province (Decree No.37 [1997] of the provincial government), all organs, organizations, enterprises and institutions within the administrative region of this province should arrange employment at a ratio of not less than 1.5% of the total number of employees in their own units.

(V) Work in Internet industry and e-commerce

The Internet can help a large part of the disabled to find jobs, which can not only reduce the inconvenience of moving around, but also help them understand the world.

(VI) The right to participate in the college entrance examination on an equal footing

On April 28th, 217, in order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled and guarantee their right to participate in the college entrance examination on an equal footing, the Ministry of Education and the China Disabled Persons' Federation jointly issued the Regulations on the Administration of Disabled Persons' Participation in the National Unified Entrance Examination for Colleges and Universities, providing necessary support conditions and reasonable convenience for disabled persons to participate in the college entrance examination.

In January, 219, the Tianjin Municipal People's Government executive meeting passed the Regulations on the Employment of Disabled Persons, which will take effect on March 1, 219.

v. answers to questions

(1) what is the state's special protection for the disabled?

a "special guarantee" is another kind of special treatment guarantee given to disabled people besides special assistance. It is mainly applicable to disabled soldiers, people who are disabled in the line of duty and other people who are disabled to safeguard the interests of the country and the people. The state emphasizes the implementation of special protection for these people, mainly considering the long-term interests of the whole country, which is helpful to stimulate and protect the enthusiasm of our citizens for building and defending the motherland. Therefore, the state and society provide special protection, preferential treatment and pensions to disabled soldiers, disabled people on duty and other disabled people who safeguard the interests of the state and the people. The disabled objects of special protection can be roughly divided into the following four categories: the first category of people disabled by war; The second category of disabled persons due to illness refers to conscripts who suffer from diseases other than mental illness during their active service and meet the second-class disability conditions after medical treatment is basically terminated; The third category of disabled people; The fourth category of volunteers and disabled persons.

(2) how to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled?

Answer the relevant laws and regulations on the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled:

1. The Law on the Protection of the Disabled promulgated in 199, implemented in 1991 and revised in 28

2. The Law on the Protection of the Disabled promulgated and implemented in 1994