Group characteristics of classical Chinese

1. What are the characteristics of classical Chinese? Linguistic research holds that written language is produced and developed on the basis of spoken language, and they influence and promote each other and have a very close relationship. Classical Chinese was formed on the basis of pre-Qin oral English, but with the passage of time, it gradually widened the distance from later oral English. From the Han and Wei Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to the official implementation and the need of imperial examinations, scholars deliberately imitated the language of the "Four Books and Five Classics" to write poems and articles, focusing on elegance and integrity. In this way, the distance between classical Chinese as a written language and the language actually used by people is getting bigger and bigger, resulting in the phenomenon of separation of language and text.

Second, it lasts for a long time. Until the May 4th Movement, classical Chinese, as the dominant written language, was handed down from generation to generation, and its language components remained basically unchanged. For example, the usage of some basic sentence patterns and commonly used function words in the pre-Qin period has been preserved in classical Chinese, and even the most active words in the three elements of language have strong stability in classical Chinese: the ancient meanings of some words have long disappeared in spoken English, but they can still be used in classical Chinese. Although later generations will inevitably mix some spoken language at that time in imitation, which will bring some subtle changes to classical Chinese, on the whole, classical Chinese has basically maintained its original appearance in vocabulary system and grammar system.

Third, the writing is concise. Most of China's important ancient books are written in classical Chinese, and many immortal works have always been known for their conciseness. It can be said that classical Chinese itself contains concise factors: first, classical Chinese is dominated by monosyllabic words, with few disyllabic words and disyllabic words; Second, classical Chinese is often omitted, and it is very common to omit subjects, objects, predicates and prepositions. In addition, the famous writers of past dynasties paid more attention to the tempering of language and emphasized "the great meaning of small words", thus forming the style of classical Chinese.

Fourth, the ancient Olympic Games were difficult to understand. Due to the age, it is more and more difficult to understand classical Chinese without spoken English. Crooked sentences, uncommon ancient characters, and many strange names and regulations … all these have become elusive "myths" in the eyes of beginners. Therefore, annotating ancient books and solving difficult problems has always been one of the tasks pursued by scholars.

2. What are the good group slogans and names in classical Chinese?

Good slogan in classical Chinese:

1. Where there is a will, there is a way. If you burn your bridges, you will end up in Chu.

2. If young people don't work hard, old people will feel sad.

If two people unite, their profits will be cut off.

4. In a threesome, there must be a teacher, choose the good one and follow it, and change the bad one.

5. Never tire of learning and never tire of teaching.

6. You can't take the Wan Li Road without accumulating steps, and you can't become a river without accumulating small streams.

Nice names in classical Chinese: "the way to pursue dreams", "accumulate wealth and make little money", "make a splash" and "never tire of learning".

3. What can embody the idea of group cooperative learning in ancient Chinese? 05 Pay attention to teaching Yuan how to use the mode of "group cooperative learning and inquiry" to teach classical Chinese Abstract: Traditional classical Chinese teaching is basically explained word by word, which is often inefficient and dismembers the article.

The application of "group cooperative learning and inquiry" mode in classical Chinese teaching not only liberates teachers, but also enables students to have a happy experience in learning. To learn classical Chinese through the mode of "group cooperative learning and inquiry", we should first let students learn independently, then carry out group inquiry, and fully demonstrate on the basis of inquiry, so that students can study happily and firmly, and the whole classroom can be in a fierce competitive atmosphere.

Keywords: autonomous learning and cooperative exploration in the teaching of classical Chinese, fully demonstrating the classification number of China Library: G633.3 document identification number: A document number:1004-6097 (2012) 05-0039-02 Author: Yuan (1969- 02) Research direction: inquiry mode of group cooperative learning.

(Fenxiang Junior High School in Yiling District, Yichang City, Hubei Province, Yichang City, Hubei Province, 443 105) ◆ Teaching Exploration 2065438+Chinese Teaching Newsletter in May 2002 V OL.682 No.5 Chinese Teaching Newsletter V OL.682 No.5 Classical Chinese students are afraid of learning, and teachers are also afraid of teaching. Applying the mode of "combining learning with research" in classical Chinese teaching can not only liberate teachers, but also make students feel happy in their study.

The mode of "group cooperative inquiry" divides students into four groups, and names them Venus, Silver Star, Red Star and Purple Star according to their learning ability. Venus is the team leader with the strongest learning ability, and can undertake the task of organizing, coordinating and leading the demonstration.

Zixing is a student who has learning difficulties and needs help. Venus helps purple stars, and silver stars help red stars.

Intra-group cooperation and inter-group competition. In the process of learning, they mainly focus on independent cooperation and exploration, and speech display is their magic weapon to win.

According to their performance in class, the winners and losers are divided. Venus spoke four times, Silver Star spoke three times, Red Star spoke twice and Purple Star spoke once. Its purpose is to give full play to the learning enthusiasm of poor students and the spirit of unity and mutual assistance within the group.

First, pave the way for import. This link is mainly about the teacher's clever design of lead-in, which can quickly draw students' thinking into the classroom and let students set the learning goals of this class. Sometimes it is the introduction of test preview, which requires students to test and preview each other in groups.

Second, reading guidance, reading rhyme reading is a stepping stone to interpret classical Chinese. The first step in this link is self-reading.

Ask students to use reference books to read pronunciation correctly. After completion, the group members exchange textbooks to check and correct mistakes. The second step is listening and reading.

Listen to the tape reading, or listen to the teacher's demonstration reading, or students can try to read aloud, ask students to read aloud and rhyme accurately and fluently, and evaluate them according to these three criteria. Step three, read aloud to each other, and the group members read aloud in cooperation. Purple stars read aloud to Venus and Red Stars read aloud to Silver Stars. After correcting the mistakes, they read them again in order to give full play to the leading role of gifted students. The last four groups read together to prepare for the group match.

The fourth step is to compete for reading. Two adjacent small groups play PK, PK and the winning group can get double points, and then the winning group plays PK for the second time. The other groups are judges, who judge the champions and runners-up read by the group, and at the same time judge the most accurate and wonderful group to present awards. In this link, the competition among groups is fierce, students are highly active and the classroom atmosphere is in full swing.

Step five, read the text together. Through a series of reading steps, the students' reading enthusiasm has been greatly mobilized, and the whole class is eager to try. At this critical point, students can read the text together, and most of them can read the feelings by pronunciation. "Read it a hundred times and you will understand what you mean." Through repeated reading and reciting, some students can get familiar with it, have a deeper understanding of the article and improve their reading ability.

Third, accurate translation, the accumulation of words is divided into three steps: according to the marked translation, the team members underline the words and sentences that cannot be accurately explained; Group cooperation and exploration; Ask questions, ask difficult questions, and communicate with the whole class. The establishment of group competition mechanism means the members of each group.

4. What can embody the idea of group cooperative learning in ancient Chinese? 05 Pay attention to teaching Yuan how to use the mode of "group cooperative learning and inquiry" to teach classical Chinese Abstract: Traditional classical Chinese teaching is basically explained word by word, which is often inefficient and dismembers the article.

Using the mode of "group cooperative learning and inquiry" to teach classical Chinese not only liberates teachers, but also gives students a happy experience in learning. To learn classical Chinese through the mode of "group cooperative learning and inquiry", students should first learn independently and then explore in groups. On the basis of exploration, it is fully displayed, so that students can study happily and firmly, and the whole classroom is in a fierce competitive atmosphere.

Keywords: autonomous learning and cooperative exploration in the teaching of classical Chinese, fully demonstrating the classification number of China Library: G633.3 document identification number: A document number:1004-6097 (2012) 05-0039-02 Author: Yuan (1969- 02) Research direction: inquiry mode of group cooperative learning.

(Fenxiang Junior High School in Yiling District, Yichang City, Hubei Province, Yichang City, Hubei Province, 443 105)◆ Teaching Exploration 2065438+Chinese Teaching Newsletter 20 12, Volume 682, No.5, Chinese Teaching Newsletter, Volume 682, No.5, Classical Chinese students are afraid of learning, and teachers are also afraid of teaching. The application of "group cooperative learning and inquiry" mode in classical Chinese teaching can not only liberate teachers, but also make students feel happy in their study.

The mode of "group cooperative inquiry" divides students into four groups, and names them Venus, Silver Star, Red Star and Purple Star according to their learning ability. Venus is the team leader with the strongest learning ability, and can undertake the tasks of organization, coordination and leadership demonstration.

Zixing is a student with learning difficulties and needs help. Venus helps purple stars, and silver stars help red stars.

Intra-group cooperation and inter-group competition. In the process of learning, they mainly focus on independent cooperation and exploration, and speech display is their magic weapon to win.

According to their performance in class, the winners and losers are divided. Venus spoke four times, Silver Star spoke three times, Red Star spoke twice and Purple Star spoke once. Its purpose is to give full play to the learning enthusiasm of poor students and the spirit of unity and mutual assistance in the group.

First, pave the way for import. This link is mainly about the introduction designed by the teacher skillfully, which can quickly draw students' thinking into the classroom and let students set the learning objectives of this lesson. Sometimes it is the introduction of test preview, which requires students to test and preview each other in groups.

Second, reading guidance, reading rhyme reading is a stepping stone to interpret classical Chinese. The first step in this link is self-reading.

Ask students to use reference books to read pronunciation correctly. After completion, the group members exchange textbooks to check and correct mistakes. The second step is listening and reading.

Listen to the tape reading, or listen to the teacher's demonstration reading, or students can try to read aloud, ask students to read aloud and rhyme accurately and fluently, and evaluate them according to these three criteria. Step three, read aloud to each other, and the group members read aloud together. The purple star reads Venus and the red star reads Silver Star. After correcting the mistakes, they read them again in order to give full play to the leading role of eugenics. The last four groups read together to prepare for the group match.

The fourth step is to compete for reading. Two adjacent groups carry out PK, and the winning group can get double points, and then the winning group carries out PK for the second time. The other groups are judges, who judge the champion, runner-up and runner-up, and at the same time judge the most accurate and wonderful group to give awards. In this link, the competition between groups is fierce, the students' enthusiasm is high, and the classroom atmosphere is in full swing.

Step five, read the text together. Through a series of reading steps, the students' reading enthusiasm has been greatly mobilized, and the whole class is eager to try. At this critical point, students can read the text together, and most of them can read the feelings by pronunciation. "Read it a hundred times and you will understand what you mean." Through repeated reading and reciting, some students can get familiar with it, have a deeper understanding of the article and improve their reading ability.

Third, accurate translation, the accumulation of words is divided into three steps: according to the marked translation, the team members underline the words and sentences that cannot be accurately explained; Group cooperation and exploration; Ask questions and difficult questions, and communicate with the whole class. The establishment of group competition mechanism means the members of each group.

5. Characteristics of Classical Chinese Classical Chinese is a written language based on ancient spoken Chinese. In ancient times, there was little difference between classical Chinese and spoken English.

Today's classical Chinese is an article composed of an ancient written language in China, mainly including the written language based on the spoken language in the pre-Qin period. With the change of history and the evolution of spoken language, the difference between classical Chinese and spoken language has gradually expanded, and "classical Chinese" has become the exclusive language of scholars.

Classical Chinese is relative to the vernacular Chinese after the New Culture Movement, and there was no such thing as classical Chinese in ancient times. It is characterized by paying attention to the use of allusions, parallel prose and neat melody, including strategies, poems, words, songs, stereotyped writing, parallel prose and other styles.

After the modification of literati in past dynasties, it became more and more flashy. Since the Tang Dynasty, Han Yu, a great literary master, initiated the "Ancient prose movement" and advocated returning to popular ancient prose.

The classical Chinese in modern books are generally marked with punctuation marks in order to facilitate reading and understanding.

6. What are the characteristics of classical Chinese? Classical Chinese is the written language in ancient China, mainly including the written language based on spoken language in the pre-Qin period. The first "Wen" means beauty. "Speech" means writing, expressing and recording. "Classical Chinese", that is, written language, is relative to "spoken language", which is also called "vernacular". The last word "Wen" refers to works, articles, etc. , which means genre.

First, the separation of language and writing. Linguistic research holds that written language is produced and developed on the basis of spoken language, and they influence and promote each other and have a very close relationship. Classical Chinese was formed on the basis of pre-Qin oral English, but with the passage of time, it gradually widened the distance from later oral English. From the Han and Wei Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to the official implementation and the need of imperial examinations, scholars deliberately imitated the language of the "Four Books and Five Classics" to write poems and articles, focusing on elegance and integrity. In this way, the distance between classical Chinese as a written language and the language actually used by people is getting bigger and bigger, resulting in the phenomenon of separation of language and text.

Second, it lasts for a long time. Until the May 4th Movement, classical Chinese, as the dominant written language, was handed down from generation to generation, and its language components remained basically unchanged. For example, the usage of some basic sentence patterns and commonly used function words in the pre-Qin period has been preserved in classical Chinese, and even the most active words in the three elements of language have strong stability in classical Chinese: the ancient meanings of some words have long disappeared in spoken English, but they can still be used in classical Chinese. Although later generations will inevitably mix some spoken language at that time in imitation, which will bring some subtle changes to classical Chinese, on the whole, classical Chinese has basically maintained its original appearance in vocabulary system and grammar system.

Third, the writing is concise. Most of China's important ancient books are written in classical Chinese, and many immortal works have always been known for their conciseness. It can be said that classical Chinese itself contains concise factors: first, classical Chinese is dominated by monosyllabic words, with few disyllabic words and disyllabic words; Second, classical Chinese is often omitted, and it is very common to omit subjects, objects, predicates and prepositions. In addition, the famous writers of past dynasties paid more attention to the tempering of language and emphasized "the great meaning of small words", thus forming the style of classical Chinese.

Fourth, the ancient Olympic Games were difficult to understand. Due to the age, it is more and more difficult to understand classical Chinese without spoken English. Crooked sentences, uncommon ancient characters, and many strange names and regulations … all these have become elusive "myths" in the eyes of beginners. Therefore, annotating ancient books and solving difficult problems has always been one of the tasks pursued by scholars.