Tips for preventing chickenpox infection

1. Little knowledge of varicella infectious diseases (tips on preventing varicella)

Little knowledge of chicken pox infectious disease (little common sense about preventing chicken pox) 1. Common sense about preventing chickenpox

1, the classroom should always open the window for ventilation, and students should go outdoors more and wash their hands frequently. Change clothes according to the climate, eat more fruits and vegetables and drink more water.

2. Maintain good personal hygiene habits, wash your hands after sneezing, coughing and clearing your nose, don't use towels, dry clothes and quilts frequently, and go to crowded public places with poor air.

3, adhere to moderate exercise, enhance physical fitness, avoid excessive fatigue, rest properly, and ensure adequate sleep.

4. Early detection, early reporting, early treatment and early isolation.

It is recommended that patients be isolated at home to avoid cross infection. The best way to prevent chickenpox is to inject vaccine.

Do you remember? Hehe'

2. Tips on how to prevent chickenpox

How to prevent chicken pox?

Chickenpox is a highly contagious rash disease in children caused by varicella-zoster virus. Chickenpox is mainly transmitted by airborne droplets. Patients are the only source of infection.

After suffering from chickenpox, there will be precursor symptoms such as low fever, fatigue and upper respiratory symptoms. Twenty-four hours later, the rash began to turn into a red rash, which quickly developed into a clear oval teardrop blister with redness around it, lasting for 3-4 days, and then began to shrink and scab. The rash is mainly located in the trunk and less in the limbs. Chickenpox rashes appear in batches, so rashes at each stage can appear at the same time.

After suffering from chickenpox, he generally recovered well. After some patients suffer from chickenpox, the virus can lurk in the ganglion for a long time. Herpes zoster can be caused when the immunity decreases or some incentives activate the virus.

It is suggested that patients without complications still need symptomatic treatment, such as antipyretic, local or systemic use of antipruritic and sedative drugs; Antiviral drugs can be selected under the guidance of doctors; Strengthen nursing, keep skin clean, change underwear frequently, cut the nails of sick children short to prevent secondary infection from scratching blisters; If there are complications, such as pneumonia, encephalitis, rash and secondary infection, etc. You should see a doctor in time.

Clinical manifestations (symptoms, etc.). ) chickenpox is not serious, but it is highly contagious. It is mainly transmitted through direct contact with varicella herpes fluid and respiratory droplets, and can also be transmitted through appliances (including toys) contaminated by viruses. 90% of susceptible children can get sick after contact. After infection, it must be isolated until all rashes are dry and scabbed. Because spring and winter are the high-incidence seasons of chickenpox, kindergartens, schools and other collective units should pay attention to regular indoor ventilation and wet cleaning, strengthen morning and afternoon inspection, find suspicious cases in time, isolate and treat them as soon as possible to avoid multiple occurrences and outbreaks. Vaccination with varicella vaccine is the best way to prevent varicella. Before children enter kindergarten or school, a dose of varicella vaccine can reduce the risk of varicella transmission by choosing an immunization clinic near their place of residence.

3. Knowledge about chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute infectious disease caused by varicella-zoster virus.

Most of them occur in winter and spring. Mainly by sneezing.

Cough droplets, spread through the respiratory tract, can also get sick because of contact with toys, clothes and utensils contaminated by viruses. A disease can get lifelong immunity.

The clinical manifestation is a history of contact with chickenpox within 2-3 weeks before onset, and the symptoms before eruption are mild, including low fever, runny nose, cough, discomfort and other symptoms. Rashes often appear on the day or the next day, followed by maculopapules on the skin and mucous membranes of the whole body, which develop into blisters and itching within a few hours, and dry and scab after 1-3 days. The rash appeared in batches within 3~4 days, mainly distributed in the trunk, head and face, with fewer limbs.

Moreover, maculopapules, papules, herpes and scabs can coexist in the same place at the same time. Chickenpox is generally mild, and pneumonia and otitis media may occur in some cases.

Children with chickenpox should be isolated immediately after life adjustment (1), and the isolation period is from onset to rash scabbing. (2) Children with acne should pay attention to bed rest, strengthen nursing, wash their hands frequently, and cut their nails to avoid scratching the rash and causing secondary infection.

(3) Pay attention to diet aftercare, eat light and digestible food, drink boiled water, and avoid spicy and greasy food.

4. How does chickenpox spread?

Prevention of chickenpox Chickenpox is highly contagious, and it will be infected as long as it comes into contact with a sick companion. Therefore, the following precautions should be taken: 1. Reduce contact and prevent infection: During the period of high incidence of chickenpox, parents should take their children to hospitals and other public places as little as possible to avoid contact with chickenpox or herpes zoster patients and prevent infection. Schools and kindergartens with chickenpox should stop holding large-scale activities to reduce the chance of transmission. Children who have been exposed to patients should be observed for 2 1~28 days. 2, pay attention to personal hygiene, enhance physical fitness: pay attention to personal hygiene, often give children a bath, change clothes, keep skin clean, frequently cut nails, frequently wash hands, adhere to physical exercise, enhance disease resistance, pay attention to timely increase or decrease clothes before and after exercise to prevent colds. 3. Open windows frequently to keep the air fresh: classrooms, activity rooms and bedrooms should always open windows to keep the air circulating, and students on duty should sprinkle water before sweeping the floor. Students should go outdoors during recess. In the class with students suffering from chickenpox, you can use 84 disinfectant with water (the ratio is 1: 100) to scrub the desks, chairs and learning tools, or you can use 1: 100 disinfectant to spray the classroom for air disinfection (doors and windows need to be closed when disinfecting the classroom), or you can use ultraviolet rays for disinfection. 4. Carry out publicity and education to grasp the incidence situation in time: schools should publicize the knowledge of prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases through radio, blackboard newspapers, galleries and other forms to raise students' awareness of self-protection. If there are students with chicken pox in the class, they should report to the principal's office and clinic in time so as to grasp the situation in time and take corresponding prevention and control measures as soon as possible. . Vaccination with chickenpox vaccine is the most effective preventive measure: so far, there is no specific method to treat chickenpox. Once chickenpox is prevalent in kindergartens or schools, isolation measures can only be taken, which greatly affects the normal teaching order. In any case, because the patient is contagious two days before the eruption, isolating the patient cannot completely prevent the spread of chickenpox. Therefore, the most ideal and effective way to prevent chickenpox is vaccination. At present, the United States and other developed countries have stipulated that children and adults should be routinely vaccinated with varicella vaccine. Studies have confirmed that more than 90% of children aged from 12 months to 12 years can produce protection for more than 6 years after vaccination, and some human antibodies last for more than 10 years. Parents can take their children to the local vaccination department for vaccination. Patients exposed to varicella may be infected with varicella virus, but using varicella vaccine within 3~5 days after exposure can effectively prevent the occurrence of varicella or reduce the severity of the disease. Vaccination in the case of virus infection may cause disease, but the symptoms are obviously mild, the skin damage is small, and most of them do not have a fever. In this case, vaccination will not add extra harm to the body, but also successfully control the chickenpox epidemic on campus and reduce the incidence of chickenpox patients. For patients who have been exposed to chickenpox or people with very poor resistance, patients with some serious diseases (hematological diseases, lymphoma and other malignant tumors), pregnant women and premature infants, high-titer anti-varicella-zoster immunoglobulin should be injected as soon as possible within 72 hours, and the more timely the injection, the better the effect. However, this immunoglobulin comes from healthy volunteers infected with varicella-zoster virus, which is expensive and difficult to buy. It can only be effective in a short time and cannot prevent the occurrence of varicella in the future. Generally, it is only used under special circumstances. The susceptible and frail people who are exposed to chickenpox can also use gamma globulin at an early stage, which can alleviate clinical symptoms or delay the occurrence of diseases, but it takes a short time to prevent diseases and cannot avoid the occurrence of chickenpox. Therefore, vaccination can effectively prevent the occurrence of chickenpox.