How to ensure fairness and justice?

First, why is the voice of fairness and justice so strong?

Fairness and justice is the consistent proposition of China's * * * production party and the inherent requirement of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Our party leads the people in revolution, construction and reform in order to build a truly fair and just society and let the people live a happy life. The establishment of new China and the basic socialist system have laid a fundamental political system for the realization of fairness and justice.

Since the reform and opening-up, China has developed at a speed rarely seen in the world, and the people of China have steadily embarked on the road of prosperity and well-being. Over the past 30 years, China's economic strength and comprehensive national strength have greatly improved, people's livelihood has improved the most, and people have benefited the most. For example, more than 200 million poor people have been lifted out of poverty, free and compulsory education has been fully realized, higher education has entered the stage of popularization, the world's largest basic medical security network and the largest old-age security network have been built, and the equalization of basic public services has been solidly promoted. Today, people are enjoying more and more fruits of reform and development, and fairness and justice are getting more attention and protection.

From a realistic point of view, the efforts of the party and the government to promote fairness and justice are obvious to all, but on the other hand, people's voices for fairness and justice are getting higher and higher. In the "I look forward to" series of surveys recently launched by People's Daily Weibo, "further promoting social fairness and justice" was the most selected issue, accounting for 59% of the respondents. Why is this happening?

There is a reason why social injustice is prominent. For example, hidden rules are very popular in some fields. Some people use loopholes and doorways to get rich overnight, some people get a "good job" by "radish signboard", and some people get a "rocket promotion" by "fighting dad". It is not uncommon to ask for help. Whether it's going to school, seeing a doctor, having children, starting a business or going to a project, many people depend on their relationships and backgrounds. Some people even say that "China people have to ask for help from cradle to grave". Another example. China ranks second in the world in luxury consumption, but many people still live below the poverty line. All these directly affect people's feelings of fairness and justice.

There are reasons for the imperfect policy system. The strong social injustice reflected by the masses is mostly related to the inadequate reform in some fields. For example, the dual structure of urban and rural areas has not been broken, and the treatment of urban and rural residents in medical care and old-age care is quite different: the reform of household registration system is very loud, but the progress is not satisfactory, resulting in migrant workers and other floating population "wandering" on the edge of the city and not enjoying the due treatment; Imperfect policies such as the continuation of old-age insurance and the college entrance examination for accompanying children have also aggravated some people's sense of injustice.

There is a reason why people's awareness of rights has increased. With the economic development and social progress, people's democratic concepts and rights awareness have been significantly enhanced, and the requirements for fairness and justice have become increasingly strong. Once their rights and interests are infringed, many people no longer remain silent, but actively strive for and safeguard them. An online survey shows that 83% of netizens choose to express their demands through various channels when encountering unfair phenomena.

There are also reasons for the amplification of media communication. In the past, the scope of unfair events was limited. Now, with the rapid development of new media such as the Internet and mobile phones, everyone has a "microphone". Once an unfair incident occurs, it will soon be "bad news travels thousands of miles." In addition, when some people look at unfair phenomena, they tend to be irrational and extreme, and use the Internet for hype, which exaggerates the degree of unfairness.

If things are unfair, the heart will be uneven, the heart will be uneven, the gas will be unsmooth, and it will be difficult to be harmonious. The issue of fairness and justice has become the intersection of many contradictions in our society at present, and it has become a matter of great concern to the broad masses of the people. To promote Socialism with Chinese characteristics from a new starting point, we should put fairness and justice in a more prominent position, let the pursuit of fairness and justice be reflected in all aspects of social life, and better promote social harmony and stability.

Second, how to treat fairness and justice correctly

At the end of 20 12, some parents of non-Beijing students and parents of Beijing students had a heated debate on the internet around the college entrance examination in different places. One side believes that it is only fair to eliminate discrimination and let the children who move with them enjoy the same opportunities for college entrance examination as local children; On the other hand, it is unfair that if the household registration restrictions are relaxed, it will affect the opportunities for local children to go to school.

Faced with the same thing, why do people have different understandings? On the issue of fairness and justice, it can be said that "different people have different opinions, and the wise have different opinions". Because people have different positions and angles, they have different understandings of fairness and justice. So, how should we treat fairness and justice?

First of all, look at it historically. Fairness and justice is an old and often new topic. The thinking and pursuit of fairness and justice in human society has never stopped. Since Plato and Aristotle, thinkers have never stopped discussing the issue of justice. Therefore, fairness and justice is a historical category of development. Under different social systems, the standards of fairness and justice are different. In class society, different classes have different understandings of fairness and justice because of their different class interests.

The establishment of China's socialist system has laid the institutional foundation for realizing fairness and justice in the true sense. But at the same time, we should also see that fairness and justice will not be realized naturally, but related to the stage of economic and social development, which is a historical process of continuous development. China is building socialism on the basis of relatively backward economy and culture. Although after more than 30 years of reform and opening up, the total economic output has jumped to the second place in the world, and great progress has been made in maintaining fairness and justice. However, China is still in the primary stage of socialism and a developing country. Its per capita GDP ranks 80th in the world, which is about half of the world average and only about 1/8 of that of developed countries. Under such historical conditions, on the one hand, in the face of contradictions and problems in the economy and society, we should stimulate social vitality and promote better and faster economic and social development by maintaining fairness and justice; On the other hand, we stress fairness and justice, but we can't be divorced from the basic national conditions and can only "cook". Based on the reality of economic and social development, meet the requirements of the people.

In this regard, some examples in real life are very illustrative. For example, the new rural social endowment insurance is an institutional arrangement for the country to solve the worries of farmers and promote social fairness and justice. The basic pension in 55 yuan is provided by the state every month, and the part above the basic pension is paid by individuals. After the pilot of this system, it was warmly welcomed by farmers. Many rural elderly people say: we can also receive pensions like city people! However, after a period of implementation, some rural people began to express their opinions. They feel that the basic pension standard is too low and the gap with the pension level of urban residents is too big. It should be said that under the current level of economic development, the "new rural insurance" can only start from a low level and achieve wide coverage. At the same time, with the economic development and the enhancement of national financial resources, the basic pension standard will be gradually improved. The idea of further docking with the urban pension level may have a good starting point, but it is unrealistic.

"Rome was not built in a day." Fairness and justice is a process of gradual realization, which will continue to spiral with economic and social development. On the one hand, we should try our best to be fair and just under the existing conditions. On the other hand, we should liberate and develop productive forces, make the cake bigger, and create a solid material foundation for achieving a higher level of fairness and justice.

Secondly, we should look at it relatively. Absolute fairness and justice never existed, only existed in people's ideas and fantasies. In the real society, due to the different personal circumstances, talents and abilities of social members, it is impossible for everyone to be on the same starting line. Pure starting point equality cannot be achieved, and the final result of competition may lead to unfairness, which can only be roughly fair and relatively fair. If we pursue absolute fairness and demand uniformity and complete consistency, we will only return to the old road of egalitarianism and eventually lead to the retrogression of fairness and justice.

Finally, it depends on the details. The discussion of fairness and justice can not be generalized, but must be analyzed in specific fields and combined with specific problems. For example, the application of the principle of equal competition and survival of the fittest in the economic field embodies the requirements of fairness and justice. If it is brought into the social field, it will lead to some social vulnerable groups, and even their basic survival needs will not be guaranteed, which is obviously unfair.

Third, how to protect fairness and justice through institutional reform?

The new rural cooperative medical system was launched in 2003, the medical insurance for urban residents was launched in 2007, and it was launched nationwide in 2008. In just five years, the medical security system for urban and rural residents has grown from scratch and achieved full coverage from layout to whole. This system reform makes urban and rural residents enjoy equal medical security, which is an important example of promoting fairness and justice.

Fairness and justice, from beautiful ideas to practice, need the strong guarantee of the system. In recent years, we have actively explored the system construction, but there are also problems of imperfect system. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to strengthen the system construction that plays an important role in social fairness and justice, and gradually establish a social fairness guarantee system with rights fairness, opportunities fairness and rules fairness as the main contents.

How to weave a fair and just system guarantee network? The key is reform. Practice in the past 30 years has proved that reform is a powerful driving force for career development and a fundamental way for system construction. We should not only reform the outdated system and institutionalize the successful practices in practice, but also explore the establishment of a new system to meet the needs of future development, so as to make the social fairness and security system more perfect. Specifically, efforts should be made in the following aspects.

First, the rights are fair. In our country, regardless of nationality, gender, occupation, wealth, etc. Everyone should enjoy basic rights equally. Strengthen the construction of the legal system, improve the legal system, safeguard citizens' legitimate political rights and economic, cultural and social rights, establish and improve the institutional mechanisms for fair enjoyment and exercise of power, and ensure that the people are masters of their own affairs. Focus on improving the public finance system, compulsory education and vocational education system, basic medical and health system, income distribution system and social security system. Promote the equalization of basic public services, so that different regions and different groups can enjoy equal "treatment", improve the safeguard mechanism, focus on solving outstanding problems of people's rights and interests such as land acquisition, demolition, environmental pollution and wage arrears, and ensure the realization of fair rights.

The second is fair opportunity. In real life, everyone has their own ideal pursuit, and they are eager to have equal opportunities to struggle and show themselves. We should strengthen the policy guarantee, dismantle the "fence" of the system, remove unreasonable access restrictions, and let as many people as possible have a stage to work hard. For example, in May of 20 13, the State Council issued a policy stipulating that the employment of college students should not be restricted by graduation institution, age and household registration. At the same time, build more platforms, smooth the rising channel, let people's creative vitality be generated, and let everyone enjoy the opportunity to shine in life. For those groups with difficulties, more care and support should be given to avoid the emergence of "groups without opportunities".

Third, the rules are fair. Any society needs a set of rules to ensure its operation, and fairness and justice should be the soul of this set of rules. On the one hand, through scientific and reasonable institutional arrangements, the rules are guaranteed to be fair, strict and just; On the other hand, the whole society should strictly abide by the rules and resolutely resist the hidden rules. For example, the rule of "taking the exam as soon as you enter" for civil servants in China has blocked the way of finding relationships by taking notes in the past, and "national examination" has become a recognized talent selection method that embodies the principle of fair competition. The data shows that in the past three years, 90% of the newly recruited civil servants by the central and state organs came from ordinary families who were not civil servants.

To safeguard fairness and justice, we must also oppose privilege. Where there is privilege, there is unfairness. In our country, no organization or individual has the privilege beyond the Constitution and laws, and no public official is allowed to seek any rights and privileges beyond the provisions of laws and policies. However, in real life, some cadres engage in special and privileged activities, such as illegally occupying multiple houses and public vehicles, encroaching on the interests of the public and the masses in various forms, and sneaking around for the promotion and wealth of their children's relatives. The masses have great opinions on this. If everything depends on relationships and doorways, people with backgrounds can get more care, and people without backgrounds can't get ahead, which will seriously affect social fairness and justice. We should take effective measures to resolutely oppose and overcome privileged thoughts and privileged phenomena. Further improve the power restriction and supervision mechanism, put power into the cage of the system, ensure the power to operate according to law, and prevent the private use of public power from becoming a privilege to the greatest extent.

Fourth, how to use the rule of law to guarantee fairness and justice.

"Fairness and justice are the beliefs of every legal person." This is the motto of Li Li, a judge of Fangshan District People's Court. In the process of hearing an insurance compensation case, she bravely challenged the obviously unfair industry rules, not only won the lawsuit, but also made the China Insurance Association modify the relevant provisions. With her firmness, persistence, courage and responsibility, she demonstrated the power of the rule of law in maintaining fairness and justice.

It is often said that justice is the last line of defense to safeguard fairness and justice. However, in recent years, judicial injustice has occurred from time to time, which has aroused people's continuous concern. "Different sentences in the same case, different punishments for the same crime", commutation and parole of "front door in and back door out" and other issues are all questioning the fairness of justice. If we can't keep this line of defense, it will condone and amplify social injustice, block the "right path" for ordinary people to safeguard their rights and interests, and cause serious social problems. As a thinker said, crime is like polluting water, while unfair trial is like polluting water. How to resolutely safeguard the authority, dignity and credibility of the rule of law and make the people feel fair and just in every judicial case has become an important task that must be solved at present.

Promote justice through fairness. Openness and transparency can be fair and just, and black-box operation will be full of problems. From June, 5438 to February, 2009, the Supreme People's Court issued six provisions on judicial openness, requiring the public filing, trial, execution, trial, documents and judicial affairs, which effectively promoted the judicial operation in the sun. In the future, we will continue to strengthen judicial openness, improve the system of public trial and public execution, promote the practice of live TV broadcast and online sentencing of court trials, improve the system of news spokespersons and people's jurors, and make judicial justice something that the people can see, touch and touch.

Perfecting the system and promoting fairness. A scientific and standardized system is a barrier to prevent money, power and human feelings from interfering with judicial justice. In recent years, the reform of the judicial system in China has been deepened, and a series of measures have been taken to achieve the goal of "justice, efficiency and authority". The key to the next step is to further deepen the reform of the judicial system in accordance with the requirements of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and ensure that judicial organs and procuratorial organs independently and impartially exercise their judicial and procuratorial powers according to law. Further optimize the allocation of judicial power, innovate and strengthen trial management, improve the operation mechanism of judicial power, improve the internal and external supervision and restriction mechanism, and ensure that judicial justice continues to advance in depth.

Promote fairness with a strong team. The judicial team is the embodiment of fairness and justice, with scales on its head and yardsticks in its hands. Building a clean and impartial judicial team is the key to maintaining judicial justice. In recent years, a number of advanced models have emerged, such as "gentle female judge" Chen Yanping, "judge mother" Zhan and "national model prosecutor" Zheng Xilan. At the same time, there are also a few judicial staff who know the law and break the law, accept bribes, pervert the law and judge, and breed judicial corruption. The task of strengthening the construction of the judicial team is still very heavy. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of professional ethics, firmly establish the value concept of fairness, honesty and serving the people, pay attention to education, training and social practice, strengthen the construction of discipline and style, increase the investigation and punishment of violations of discipline and law, and effectively improve the ability to safeguard social fairness and justice.

Maintaining fairness and justice is not just a matter for the judiciary. The whole society should establish the concept of the rule of law, enhance the awareness of law-abiding usage, and consciously be the guardian of fairness and justice. Governments at all levels should administer according to law and be good at using legal thinking and methods to deepen reform, promote development, resolve contradictions and maintain stability. The masses should safeguard their rights and interests in accordance with the law, constantly improve their ability to learn and use the law, and avoid breaking the law while safeguarding their rights. Public opinion should supervise according to law, objectively and fairly, and strive to prevent the phenomenon that "power" hurts "rights".

There is a long way to go to achieve fairness and justice, but the prospects are bound to be broader and broader. As long as we all make concerted efforts in Qi Xin to move towards a fairer and more harmonious society, each of us will surely win our own beautiful life.