How to treat Lu Xun comprehensively?

What kind of person is Lu Xun? When he was alive, there were different opinions: literary master, young mentor, Shaoxing master, knife and brush official, feudal remnant or feudal class rebel, scholar bandit, sophisticated old man ... But after his death, he was soul of china, Confucius in modern China for 70 years, a cold-faced warrior, a stick that beat people, an intolerant narrow-minded, a gloomy man and an intermediate of history.

In the days leading up to the anniversary of his death, some cultural figures gathered in various media to talk about him and commemorate him. I don't know what people other than scholars, experts and writers think of Lu Xun, such as migrant workers, laid-off workers, officials, small vendors, corporate bosses, film and television celebrities, science and technology workers and entertainment stars ... I think it is very likely that Lu Xun is still a figure in a circle. I also saw Lu Xun's grandson being interviewed on TV, but he had never met his grandfather. When his grandfather died, his father Zhou Haiying was still a student. In his imagination, his grandfather should be very amiable, just like the "old man next door". I thought at that time: Alas, such old people are everywhere, and there is only one Lu Xun.

After 70 years of history, it is not easy for future generations to understand Lu Xun through his articles. Look at the Complete Works of Lu Xun revised and published in 2005. The total number of words in the notes has exceeded 3 million, so we know that reading Lu Xun is by no means easy. In particular, his essays are targeted and embedded with a large number of allusions, which have a sense of history and culture. Just like I read Woody Allen last year, I find all the American historical and cultural events I know interesting to read, otherwise I don't know what to say. In addition to Lu Xun's own articles, imagine his voice and smile through the memories of his contemporaries. This is Lu Xun in the eyes of others. Some of these "others" are Lu Xun's friends, some are his old enemies, some are his predecessors and elders, some are his fellow villagers' friends, some are his brothers, but his name is Zhou Zuoren, and some later became figures, but they also criticized Lu Xun when they were young. Writers of the same period naturally have their own writing significance. In short, you must understand who this reminiscence is about. In addition, the changes of the times, personal mood, intentional or unintentional distortion of ideology, and the current context of popular cultural thoughts may all affect the cognition of Lu Xun. For example, in today's advocating pluralism and peace, fans of Hu Shi, Zhou Zuoren, Lin Yutang and Liang Shiqiu are very dissatisfied with Lu Xun. For example, his first grandson was more or less influenced by his grandfather. I remember the news that he married a woman from Taiwan Province Province, which was very thoughtful. In recent years, a girl from his family joined the entertainment program and became news. And the highlight of these news lies in Lu Xun. The descendants of the Lu family must be uncomfortable, so they shaped the image of Lu Xun in their minds into an ordinary old man.

But in any case, the fact is: Lu Xun was called a saint before his death. "Your life is not your own, but belongs to the China and China revolutions!" Soong Ching Ling advised him to treat this disease in a letter. His grand funeral was empty, and a banner with the words "soul of china" was hung on his small body. There is no need to ask: what if Lu Xun is still alive? Look at what happened to Lu Xun's disciples Feng Xuefeng, Hu Feng and Xiao Jun, and you can guess roughly.

two

In my opinion, Lu Xun is a clever man and knows everything. He has a thorough understanding of history, the world and people's hearts. There is no way to think about Monta. He is never naive-whether "left" or "right". With a history of 5,000 years, no matter how arrogant and extravagant a scholar is, Lu Xun has a straightforward saying: First, an era when you want to be a slave; Second, temporarily stabilize the slave age. He is too aware that the so-called "official history" has too much cover-up and whitewash. He prefers to read unofficial history and miscellaneous notes, and he often "pushes"-the so-called "positive reading and negative reading". He also knows "how people use the reputation of justice, the emblem of a gentleman, the gentle and honest face, the weapon of gossip, tortuous words and selfish interests to make the weak without a knife and pen breathless", so he took pains to be "sharp" and showed the gorgeous and luxurious Kirin skin with a stroke of his hand. He revealed "the technique of two ugliness" and "the method of helping others". He distinguishes between wise men, fools and slaves. He talked about "degenerate people", and he shaped the typical Ah Q, pointing directly at the soul of China people. He said: "Ode" has long been flattering, "Spring and Autumn Annals" has been obscure ... He knows China's traditional culture too well.

It can be said that he acquired the essence of tradition. Just look at his printed Beiping notes and you will understand his deep love for "antiques". But he told young people to read less or not to read China's books, which was not an extreme or casual joke. That's really his own "hard-earned truth". He also has a clear understanding of real politics. He pointed out the bloodshed in the revolution. He doesn't believe in the so-called "golden world". He said: "I feel like a slave before the revolution;" Not long after the revolution, they were deceived by slaves and became their slaves. " When slogans, slogans, formulaic and conceptual works are full of left-wing literature and art, Lu Xun clearly expressed his views: although all literature and art are propaganda, propaganda is not all literature and art. He is very concerned about the norms of art. Regarding whether Xiao Jun should join the "Left-wing League", he wrote in his letter: "I can almost express my opinion without thinking, that is, I don't need to go in now ... I think people who are still outside, Once inside, they will fall into a boring dispute and be silent. " As far as I can see, Lu Xun's exposition of history and culture, or his choice of realistic existence, has never been missed, which was not easy in the turbulent era when Chinese and Western cultures collided and the realistic path diverged in the 20th century. Think about how many thoughts and "ism" there were in that period. It's really fascinating. Just think about those people of Lu Xun's contemporaries, some of whom were promoted, some retired and some degenerated, and you will think that Lu Xun is great. They were ridiculed by Guo Moruo's creation society as "feudal remnants" and pointed out by Zhou Yang's "left-wing alliance" that they could not keep up with the situation, but history proved that they were naive. Lu Xun's evolutionary path is clear, and he has a solid footprint. He is not a wind school, nor is he dazzled by all kinds of famous "thoughts" and "doctrines" He lives to understand. This "understanding" is obtained not only because of Lu Xun's strong cognitive ability, but also because Lu Xun is always sincere in his life and writing.