Story: Xu Miao, an important official in Liangzhou, followed Zhuge Liang 12 years and was not allowed to leave Longyou.

Text/Lu Xiuhui

Xu Miao (17 1-249), whose name is Jingshan. People from Jixian County (now near Beijing) in Yan State.

Cao Cao, with the emperor in his arms, first went down to the Heshuo area and fought Yuan Shao in Guandu, winning a great victory. Sui 'an is in the north, and there are no more rivals. Only the Yangtze River and Cao Mengde do the right thing, so it won't have the merit of going south to the Yangtze River.

Pacify Heshuo and get Xu Miao, and Cao Cao appointed him as the staff of the Prime Minister's Office. In the spring of the 18th year of Jian 'an (2 13), Cao Cao merged fourteen states into Kyushu. In May, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty made Cao Cao the Duke of Wei in ten counties, such as Hedong in Jizhou (now northwest of Xia County in Shanxi Province), and added nine tin to make the Prime Minister lead Jizhou to graze as before. In July, Emperor Xian of Han allowed Cao Cao to build the ancestral temple of Wei. Wei created ministers, ministers and official positions, and Wei became a country within a state and a de facto power center. Xu Miao was appointed Shang Shulang.

When Cao Cao was in power, some people despised Xu Miao and suppressed him, refusing to use him more. Cao Cao once issued a prohibition order. However, Xu Miao is a heavy drinker. He gets drunk every time he drinks in private. When Zhao Da asked Xu Miao about Tso, Xu Miao was drunk and pointed to sake, calling himself "the sage of China". Zhao Da and Lu Hong are responsible for supervising the dereliction of duty of officials. Zhao Da reported the matter to Cao Cao, which made Cao Cao furious. General Du Liao advised Prime Minister Cao Yu: "Those who are drunk call sake a saint, while those who are turbid call wine a saint. Xu Miao remains cautious. He has no other intention. When you are drunk, you talk nonsense. " Hearing this, Cao Cao kept silent. As a result, Xu Miao was not sentenced for this matter. Su Dongpo, a poet of the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem praising Xu Miao in Huanxisha:

Xu Miao can be a saint in China wine,

Liu Ling is on the floor,

Who is Pan Lang Bai Bi related to?

.

Helpless new white hair,

Why don't you go back to the old castle peak,

I hate it when no one borrows money to buy a mountain.

Because of his temporary weakness, Cao Cao left an important minister to defend the western Shu to future generations. Facao Gaorou also thinks that setting up school affairs is not a way for bosses to trust their subordinates. Zhao Da and others repeatedly used their power to enforce the law according to their personal preferences, and then used their power to bully others, so they should be punished. Cao Cao said: "They can find and report and distinguish many things in time, but these things can't be done by sages and gentlemen, and some things can't be done by villains." And Cao Cao noticed Xu Miao and Zhao Da through this incident, and thought that Xu Miao was useful. Zhao Da's illegal profit-making activities were discovered, and Cao Cao executed Zhao Da.

In 228 AD, Zhuge Liang went out to Qishan to crusade against Wei for the first time, which made Zhao Yun and others feint to attract Wei Jun. I personally led the main force to attack Qishan (now Qishan Fort in Lixian County, Longnan, Gansu Province), and Tianshui, Nan 'an and Anding counties in Longyou successively rebelled against Wei and surrendered to Shu, causing a great earthquake in Guanzhong. Wei Mingdi Cao Cao used Cao Zhen and Sima Yi militarily, and Xu Miao was used as the escort of Liangzhou secretariat, envoy and Qiang captain in civil affairs, and let Xu Miao leave Liangzhou.

After Xu Miao took office, it happened to catch Zhuge Liang out of Qishan again. Zhuge Liang would grab grain in Longyou every time he went out to war, and Longyou was disturbed by the army of Xishu. As if nothing had happened, Longyou, Tianshui, Nan 'an and Anding counties rebelled one after another. And Xu Miao assembled the remnants of the army, attacked the rebel army and the garrison Nan 'an, and won. Zhuge Liang's army met Cao Wei's soldiers. Ma Su violated Zhuge Liang's deployment, was defeated by Zhang He, and lost the street pavilion. Zhao Yun and other troops were also unfavorable, so Zhuge Liang had to return to Hanzhong. Returning to West Shu, Longyou has nothing to do.

When Cheng invited Longxi, there was little rain on the right side of the river and the harvest was greatly reduced. Even the supply of basic troops is often plagued by food shortages. Xu Miao wrote a request: 1. Repairing Wuwei and Jiuquan salt ponds to collect grain; Second, dig canals, build water conservancy projects, recruit refugees to farm, make people self-sufficient and overflow warehouses; Third, use part of the country's military spending to engage in commerce and trade, and use Longyou's dogs and horses to supply the consumption of the people in the Central Plains; Fourth, collect civilian weapons, keep them in a unified way in leisure time, and distribute militia in wartime; Fifth, develop education, establish official schools, publicize Confucian culture and advocate benevolence and righteousness; Sixth, at the same time, change customs, oppose the heavy burial trend that arose in the Han Dynasty, and limit excessive sacrifice; Seventh, promote good and punish evil, advocate positive energy, and fundamentally improve social atmosphere; Eight, strengthen exchanges with all ethnic groups in the western regions, be reasonable, readily accept submission, and pay tribute to the court to make the western regions unimpeded; Nine, rectify the bureaucracy and change the decadent style of redundant staff; Ten, Hu Qiang's kindness and kindness. The Qiang people who made small mistakes will not be investigated, and those who made big mistakes will not be forgiven. We will crusade against the rebellious Qiang people Ke Wu.

Through this combination, Longxi looks the same. Thanks to Xu Miao, Longxi looks like this. At that time, he also named Du Wei as a man, eating 300 households in the city, plus General Jianwei.

Xu Miao is a hero, guarding Gansu for more than ten years. He loves his soldiers as much as his own. Whenever the court gave him something, he gave it to his subordinates and never brought it back to his home. However, his wife and children often live in poverty because of lack of food and clothing. He never attaches importance to public and private. When Cao Cao of Wei Mingdi learned of this incident, he sighed and felt very sorry. He often orders people to give him food, clothes and other things for his family. At that time, Longxi, because of years of preparation, was arrogant. He would never let it sit on a dragon and be timid. He will punish evil and promote good, advocate the separation of prison and prison, correct all unjust, false and wrong cases, advocate the promotion of righteousness, and make the country orderly.

In the second year of Taihe (228), he went to Longxi, and in the first year of Zhengshi (240), Xu Miao returned to Luoyang, where he stayed for twelve years to protect Zhuge Liang in Xishu for Cao Wei. It was not until Zhuge Liang died that Cao Wei's court remembered to let this person return. After Xu Miao's return, he first served as a senior agricultural officer and later as a military attache. All the officials are in awe of him, and his achievements are obvious to all, so he has to admire him sincerely. In nine years (248), he moved to Xu Temple and was promoted to be a commonplace. The imperial court sent Zhengmao officials to announce the decree, but Xu Miao declined politely: "The three fairs (Qiu, Situ,) are the pillars of the country. I am old and ill. How can I hold this high position for my personal prosperity? " If there is no suitable person to sit in this position, it should be empty. "

Since then, Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, sent Guo Tan, a general with five senses, to Zheng Maofu to summon him. Zheng Mao said: "I used to be an assistant minister, and Wei wanted to worship Xu Jingshan as an agent. He was ordered to announce his appointment and worship Xu Gong as an agent. Xu Gong said to me:' The posts of the three public offices should be obedient and inhuman. It really hurts harmony, and I dare not drag down the court with dying people. "After all, I didn't accept the imperial edict. Compared with the words and deeds of elegant and honest people, I can't accept this position! " It can be seen that Xu Miao's words and deeds have an impact on officials.

Xu Miao is good at drawing, and his paintings are very vivid, confusing the fake with the real. The otter he painted is even more impressive. Unfortunately, current events have changed, and it is a pity that his works have not been circulated in the world.

After Xu Miao died, the family was in trouble. Di Wei Cao Fang said: "The holy king has always attached importance to those who highlight their noble character; Confucius also eulogized the election of good people and guided future generations. The late Xu Miao, General Zhengdong and Wei Yu all served in the previous dynasty for four generations. They lead troops to beg, help the government, be loyal to the public, worry about the country and forget the private, and do not manage property. After their death, their family had more money. I highly reward them: Xu Miao. Specially sent two thousand welcome grain and three hundred thousand yuan to Xu Miao and others' families. People don't support such officials? History does not admire?

The grandson of Lu Zhi, a famous Confucian in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the son of Lu Yu, the illegitimate son of Cao Wei, and Lu Qin, a senior official of the official department, wrote in "Quan Jinwen? In an article about Xu Miao, he praised Xu Miao and said, "Xu Gong is not only ambitious, but also noble in behavior, knowledgeable and magnificent. When he promoted political measures, the means he used were noble, steady, not impatient, honest, extensive and far-reaching, and he kept his promise and could resolutely implement it. Someone asked Lu Qin, "When Xu Gong was Emperor Wu, people thought it was reasonable. What do people think of staying in Liangzhou and returning to the capital? Lu Qin replied: "In the past, when Mao Jie and Cui Yan presided over elections, they used honest and clean people. Mao Jie, on the other hand, was clean and honest, which aroused the wind of clean and honest in the world and changed the luxury atmosphere in the DPRK. Officials were keen on wearing cloth and living a simple life in order to hunt for high fame. But Xu Gong is as usual, so people think he is knowledgeable. Nowadays, the world advocates luxury and luxury, and everyone abandons the simplicity of cloth and competes to imitate luxury. On the other hand, Xu Gong, dressed as before, dressed in cloth as always, lived a simple life and didn't go with the flow. Today, he has become withdrawn and special. Xu Gong is noble in nature, persevering, not drifting with the tide and changeable. This is the determination of a noble person. "