Small financial knowledge

Five common senses that you need to know to apply for in-service postgraduate financial majors. Introduction to financial majors Financial engineering, finance and international finance are the three major categories of financial majors. Most other financial majors are derived from finance, and financial engineering and international finance are no exception.

The difference between them: first, financial engineering is more microscopic, mainly teaching the technology, operation and principle in the financial industry; Financial engineering emphasizes mathematics and computer background. There are many contents in general linear algebra and advanced mathematics in financial engineering, and more specialized courses are based on mathematical tools. The employment direction is mainly futures and stock index related industries, with high wages but few employment opportunities.

Second, finance is more macro, and there are more elements of management. Judging from the curriculum, the most intuitive thing is that the requirements for mathematics are different.

Third, international finance requires higher English because it involves foreign-related financial business. With the maturity of the domestic capital market and the rapid development of the financial industry, high-quality and high-level financial senior talents are increasingly scarce. The great development of the financial industry has created a large number of financial talents at all levels for Chinese and foreign industrial and commercial enterprises.

The following are the job contents of finance-related occupations: financial investment analysts are also called financial analysts, securities analysts or investment analysts. They generally work in banks, insurance companies, fund companies, securities companies and other financial institutions to help these companies or corporate clients make rational investment decisions.

Personal financial planners are also called financial planners, financial planners and financial consultants. Their main responsibility is to provide customers with suggestions on purchasing financial products suitable for their needs according to their short-term and long-term financial needs and financial situation.

Employment: Most financial analysts work in the headquarters of large financial companies, 65,438+09% work in securities and commodity exchanges, intermediary companies and investment service companies, and the rest mainly work in insurance companies, management and technical consulting companies, and local and federal governments. 365,438+0% financial managers work in securities and fund brokerage companies, 65,438+04% financial managers work in banks, credit cooperatives or deposit companies, and 38% financial managers are self-employed and act as financial product agents in small investment consulting companies.

The remaining few people work in insurance brokerage companies. There are six directions for how to participate in learning and registration.

Financial investment practice and management direction, international finance and venture capital direction, modern finance and enterprise investment direction, financial investment and securities practice direction, investment analysis and financial management direction, financial engineering and risk management direction. Advantages of on-the-job application-1, strong faculty: professors are all senior experts and researchers of the Institute of Finance of China Academy of Social Sciences. 2. Practical Finance Forum: Inviting major banks and famous experts and scholars from domestic and foreign financial circles to hold lectures and seminars.

3. Excellent learning environment: I attended classes in China Academy of Social Sciences with a profound academic background. 4. Flexible teaching mode: divided into weekend classes, holiday classes and network distance classes. Among them, the weekend classes in Beijing are all small classes, which is convenient for students and teachers to communicate in time and effectively.

2. What are the financial knowledge points?

Finance is the general name of currency circulation, credit activities and related economic activities. Finance in a broad sense refers to all economic activities related to the issuance, storage, exchange, settlement and financing of credit currency, even including the sale of gold and silver. Narrow sense of finance refers to the financing of credit currency.

The contents of finance can be summarized as the issuance and withdrawal of money, the absorption and payment of deposits, the issuance and recovery of loans, the trading of gold, silver and foreign exchange, the issuance and transfer of securities, insurance, trust and domestic and foreign currency settlement. Institutions engaged in financial activities mainly include banks, trust and investment companies, insurance companies, securities companies, investment funds, credit cooperatives, finance companies, financial asset management companies, postal savings institutions, financial leasing companies, securities, gold and silver, foreign exchange exchanges, etc.

Finance is an economic category formed after the emergence of credit currency, and it and credit are two different concepts: (1) Finance refers to the financing of monetary funds (narrow sense finance), people not only borrow money to finance funds, but also issue stocks to finance funds. (2) Credit refers to the borrowing of all currencies, and finance (in a narrow sense) refers to the financing of credit currency.

The reason why people want to create a new concept other than "credit" to refer to the financing of credit currency is to summarize a new economic phenomenon; The two economic processes of credit and currency circulation have been closely combined. Bank credit can create and reduce money, which is the most obvious financial feature. Bank credit is considered as the core of finance.

3. Financial common sense

Five common senses to be aware of in-service graduate students majoring in finance.

Introduction to finance

Financial engineering, finance and international finance are three categories of financial majors. Most other financial majors are derived from finance, and financial engineering and international finance are no exception.

The difference between the three

First, financial engineering is relatively microscopic, mainly teaching the technology, operation and principle of the financial industry; Financial engineering emphasizes mathematics and computer background. There are many contents in general linear algebra and advanced mathematics in financial engineering, and more specialized courses are based on mathematical tools. The employment direction is mainly futures and stock index related industries, with high wages but few employment opportunities.

Second, finance is more macro, and there are more elements of management. Judging from the curriculum, the most intuitive thing is that the requirements for mathematics are different.

Third, international finance requires higher English because it involves foreign-related financial business.

Job content of different financial professions

With the maturity of the domestic capital market, the financial industry is also developing rapidly, and high-quality and high-level senior financial talents are increasingly scarce. The great development of the financial industry has created a large number of financial talents at all levels for Chinese and foreign industrial and commercial enterprises. The following are the work contents of finance-related majors:

Financial investment analysts are also called financial analysts, securities analysts or investment analysts. They generally work in banks, insurance companies, fund companies, securities companies and other financial institutions to help these companies or corporate clients make rational investment decisions.

Personal financial planners are also called financial planners, financial planners and financial consultants. Their main responsibility is to provide customers with suggestions on purchasing financial products suitable for their needs according to their short-term and long-term financial needs and financial situation.

Employment destination

The vast majority of financial analysts work in the headquarters of large financial companies, 65,438+09% work in securities and commodity exchanges, intermediary companies and investment service companies, and the rest mainly work in insurance companies, management and technical consulting companies and local and federal governments. 365,438+0% financial managers work in securities and fund brokerage companies, 65,438+04% financial managers work in banks, credit cooperatives or deposit companies, and 38% financial managers are self-employed and act as financial product agents in small investment consulting companies. The remaining few people work in insurance brokerage companies.

How to take part in study

There are six directions to choose from. Financial investment practice and management, international finance and venture capital, modern finance and enterprise investment, financial investment and securities practice, investment analysis and financial management, financial engineering and risk management.

On-the-job application advantage-1, strong faculty: professors are senior experts and researchers of Institute of Finance, China Academy of Social Sciences. 2. Practical Finance Forum: Inviting major banks and famous experts and scholars from domestic and foreign financial circles to hold lectures and seminars. 3. Excellent learning environment: I attended classes in China Academy of Social Sciences with a profound academic background. 4. Flexible teaching mode: divided into weekend classes, holiday classes and network distance classes. Among them, the weekend classes in Beijing are all small classes, which is convenient for students and teachers to communicate in time and effectively.

4. What are the specific financial knowledge?

Finance is an applied economic discipline differentiated from economics. It takes the economic activities of money and monetary funds as the research object, and specifically studies how individuals, institutions and * * * acquire, spend and manage financial assets such as funds.

[1] Finance majors mainly cultivate basic knowledge of financial insurance theory and master financial insurance business technology. They can analyze financial insurance activities and handle financial insurance business by using general methods of economics, and have certain comprehensive judgment and innovation ability. They can work in central banks, commercial banks, policy banks, securities companies, life insurance companies, property insurance companies, reinsurance companies, trust and investment companies, financial leasing companies, financial asset companies and group finance companies. My main research fields in finance are monetary banking, commercial bank management, central bank, international finance, international settlement, securities investment, investment project evaluation, investment banking, corporate finance and so on.

Business Training Objectives: This major trains professionals who have theoretical knowledge and business skills in finance and can engage in related work in economic management departments and enterprises such as banking, securities, investment and insurance. Business training requirements: Students in this major mainly study the basic theories and knowledge of money banking, international finance, securities, investment and insurance, receive basic training in related businesses, and have the basic ability of practical work in the financial field. Graduates should acquire the following knowledge and abilities: 1. Master the basic theory and knowledge of finance; 2. Have the basic ability to handle banking, securities, investment and insurance; 3. Familiar with national financial policies, policies and regulations; 4. Understand the theoretical frontier and development trend of this discipline; 5. Master the basic methods of literature retrieval and information query, and have certain scientific research and practical work ability. Main courses: Main subjects: Economics main courses: political economics, western economics, finance, international economics, monetary banking, international financial management, securities investment, insurance, business management of commercial banks, central banking, investment banking theory and practice, etc. Main practical teaching links: including course practice, graduation practice, etc. , generally arranged for 6 weeks. Length of study: four years Degree awarded: Bachelor of Economics.

I wonder if I can help you.

5. There are few knowledge or stories about financial investment.

The story of two baked wheat cakes tells that there are two people selling baked wheat cakes in a place in city A, only two people. Just call it sesame seed cake a and B.

Suppose the price they sell sesame cakes is not stipulated by the price bureau. Assuming that the residents of city A are not hungry (except that the transaction has no use value), assuming that each biscuit can be sold for one dollar, no one can make cookies cheaper than them in the short term.

(including their labor value) Suppose they have the same number of baked wheat cakes. (Economic models are all like this, assuming a lot is needed, hehe. )

Let's assume that their business is very bad and no one buys sesame cakes. So they stood bored for a long time.

A said it was boring. B said it was boring.

After reading the story, you said: boring. The baked wheat cake market at this time is very inactive! In order to make everyone not bored, A said to B, Let's play a game. B agreed.

So, the story begins ... A spent one yuan to buy a baked wheat cake for B, and B also spent one yuan to buy a baked wheat cake for A, and it was delivered in cash. A will spend two yuan to buy a baked wheat cake, and B will also spend two yuan to buy a baked wheat cake and deliver it in cash.

A will spend three yuan to buy a baked wheat cake for B, and B will also spend three yuan to buy a baked wheat cake for A and deliver it in cash. ..... So in the eyes of people in the whole market (including you who read the story), the price of baked wheat cakes has skyrocketed (a bit like the food market before the Spring Festival this year, but we have to buy it! ) soon rose to a baked wheat cake in 60 yuan.

But as long as the number of biscuits in A's and B's hands is the same, no one will make money or lose money, but their assets will "appreciate" after revaluation! The "wealth" of Party A and Party B is many times higher than in the past, the value has increased a lot, and the "market value" has also increased a lot. At this time, a passer-by C passed by an hour ago and knew that the baked wheat cake was one yuan. Now he finds out it's 60 yuan. He was very surprised.

After another hour, passer-by C was even more surprised to find that the baked wheat cake was 100 yuan each. An hour later, passerby C found that the baked wheat cake was already 1.20 yuan. He bought one without hesitation, because he was an investor and a speculator, and he was sure that the price of baked wheat cake would go up, and there was still room for price increase, and someone (researcher) gave a "target price" that exceeded that of 200 yuan.

At this time, the Lord of A City came and proposed to standardize the baked wheat cake market and set up the baked wheat cake exchange. It is illegal to trade on the sesame seed cake exchange. It is also stipulated that each biscuit transaction must pay 0.4% transaction fee and 0.4% xx tax.

Under the demonstration effect of "making money" of sesame seed cake A and sesame seed cake B, and even under the demonstration effect of passerby C, more and more passers-by buy sesame seed cakes, and more and more people participate in the sale. The price of baked wheat cake has gone up, and everyone is very happy, especially the boss of City A and the staff of the baked wheat cake exchange, who have made extra income out of thin air, so the work of the baked wheat cake exchange has become an enviable job, with high salary and generous benefits. This is really a win-win situation.

Because it is very strange: no one has ever lost money (a bit contrary to the zero-sum principle in economics, hee hee). ..... At this time, you can imagine who will really make money except the owner of City A and the baked wheat cake exchange, and there are few baked wheat cakes in the market, that is, there are few assets.

Those who participate in the purchase, who don't have sesame cakes in their hands, will really make money! But the seller is sorry-because the price of baked wheat cake is still rising rapidly ... then who lost money? The answer is: so far, no one has lost money, because many people who pay high prices for baked wheat cakes hold recognized high-quality equivalent assets-baked wheat cakes! And sesame seed cake is obviously better than cash! How much interest can cash deposit in the bank earn? What's better than a sesame seed cake with soaring prices? Even everyone agrees that the demand for baked wheat cakes in the market is in short supply. Can I buy sesame seed cake futures? Then there is the warrant to subscribe for baked wheat cake ... Someone asked: Will you never lose money by buying baked wheat cake? It seems so. We can't help asking: when will everyone lose money? Hypothesis 1: There is a price department in the market, and he thinks the price of sesame cakes should be one yuan each. (Supervision) Hypothesis 2: There are many baked wheat cakes in the market, and the price is one yuan each.

(Same theme) Hypothesis 3: There are many baked wheat cakes on the market to play this game. (Question) Hypothesis 4: Everyone suddenly discovers that this is just a sesame seed cake! (Value Discovery) Hypothesis 5: Nobody wants to play the game of buying and selling each other any more! If one day, any hypothesis appears, then on this day, people who have baked wheat cakes will lose money! Who made that money? In addition to the real money earned by the owner of City A and the sesame seed cake exchange, it is the person who sells sesame seed cakes first and has the least assets-the person who makes money.

The story of selling sesame cakes is very simple. Everyone thinks that people who buy baked wheat cakes at high prices are fools, but let's look back at people in our securities market. Isn't this market just some so-called asset revaluation and asset injection? The principle of asset injection under the condition of high return on net assets and high asset premium is actually the same as selling baked wheat cakes. Whoever has the least assets is the one who makes money, and whose return is high! Therefore, as an investor, we should treat asset revaluation and asset injection rationally, and fool others not to fool ourselves, especially not to fool our own money! Asset injection under high roe, especially asset injection such as backdoor listing, additional purchase of major shareholder assets and additional real estate. Be sure to polish and polish again, then be cautious! Because, you are likely to become a passerby with expensive biscuits.

6. What are the necessary financial common sense for investment and financial management?

1, essential risk "risk" is a bad word for most laymen.

We have been encouraged to avoid risks at all costs since childhood. We hope to reduce risks as much as possible in our life-buy insurance and avoid "high-risk" investment, employment and so on.

In our personal life, we also try to avoid risks. We don't ask risky questions, we don't talk about risky things, and we dare not speak out boldly because the next step may happen. .

Financial circles understand it as: risk = return. Only if you are willing to give up can you gain something.

There is a passage in the New Testament: "Whoever tries to save his own life will die". Agree or disagree is not important, but the wisdom in this sentence still exists.

If you hold the status quo too tightly and don't want to see change, then the status quo will not change! In order to be better, you must be willing to give up the status quo. Try to take risks in your career, investment and relationships.

Of course, the definition of risk is that the result is uncertain. Every decision may succeed or fail, but in the end, those who know how to take risks wisely are the people you want to be.

2. Low cost ≠ Low cost Recently, I sat in a meeting with a very, very rich person. We are all discussing whether to hire potential employees at a higher cost or outsource them to a third party.

The third party is quite cheap, but it may not be as experienced and thoughtful as the potential employees. His only view is: "Low cost is not equal to low cost."

As time goes by, bad decisions, mistakes and unsatisfactory plans add up to more than getting things done in the first place. This is not to say that spending extra money is just to spend money, but his point of view just expresses the importance of value for money.

The only advice I got from billionaires was not frugality. I work with a group of ultra-high net worth people-most of them started from scratch? So I had the opportunity to ask a lot of questions. The only advice I get from self-made people has nothing to do with thrift.

They never mentioned thrift. The only advice I got was: "If you want something, try to expand your channels to get it."

Of course, we must live within our means, but don't think that we must maintain the status quo. If you want something, try to get it! If you need more money to realize it, it is not a difficult problem.

Interestingly, no one has ever advised me to save money. Most ultra-high net worth people don't think so.

They often suggest investing and "trading" as much as possible. It's good to use your own money, but it's best to use other people's money in business.

Don't interpret your situation as unchanging. You can be as big as you want and as small as you want.

Money is not what you need to care about most. Interestingly, what wealth needs to care about most is not money at all. Money is just a magnifying glass: it magnifies all your good things and all your bad things.

Bottom line: money comes and goes. Wealth is more than money.

Cultivate your relationships, family and friends. 5. You can be president.

If.

Kindergarten taught us that we could become the president of the United States.

You can be an astronaut if you like. You can.

What they don't teach you is that if you are willing to make the necessary sacrifices to achieve it, yes, you can be anyone you want to be.

The world owes you nothing. If you want something, you must be willing to give it up.

Nobody told us this.

6. How does the market work? We live in a golden age of investment.

If you have a dream, you can do it. This choice is autocratic.

In addition, studies have repeatedly shown that individual investors are really not good at managing their own money. A basic understanding of the market and its operation will make you at a comfortable level when you participate in it, so that you can really go far.

The market, first of all, is designed to take money from the public. This is not to say that you can't profit from it, but that you must be very, very careful.

7. Cash is not "safe". I can't tell you how many people I have met who are worried about investing in cash. I have heard the phrase "cash is safe" again and again.

To some extent, yes, cash is safe. But you need to understand that whether you are experiencing risks or not, you will lose about 2% of your cash every year.

7%。 This means that your $ 100000 is only worth $99775 next month, and then it will become $99550 next month.

Did you find the point? Yes, your cash is "safe" because it is predictable. But don't be fooled, it is losing its value.

Cash has a certain effect, but this effect can't keep your wealth. 8. You need to know the truth about gold. Let's be honest about the role of gold in the portfolio.

Yes, it can be part of an overall combination. However, gold cannot replace a diversified portfolio.

American Consumer News and Business Channel (Consumer News and Business Channel) is very good at making gold sound like the right answer. Especially in times of crisis.

"This is the only real money!" I've heard all this. But here's the truth about gold: 1) 198 1 Inflation since then has made gold lose its value.

No matter what gold supporters tell you, gold is not a good tool to hedge inflation for a long time. 2) Gold is three times unstable in stocks.

Due to instability, gold is not the right answer for investors to flee the stock market. Compared with the stock market, gold is a roller coaster! 3) gold is the most important thing after the economic downturn ... this is because ... so let's take a look at the real example of the economic downturn.

Take New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina as an example. First of all, if you can get your gold, I suspect you may have bought too much.

On the other hand, you are willing to exchange any wealth for necessities, such as a bottle of water or a gallon of gasoline. In the movie Zombie Apocalypse, gold is not so useful.

What is important in that environment? Guns, water and food. 9, to ensure adequate sleep, this is true.

Getting enough sleep can help you make your daily decisions more clearly (which will have a great impact on the results).