The development history of Shanghai Subway and Beijing Subway?

Shanghai subway construction began in the early 1990s. As of March 2010, Shanghai's rail transit network has 10 lines, with a total operating line length of 343 kilometers and a total of 225 stations (excluding maglev demonstration operation lines), covering Xuhui, Changning, Jing'an, Huangpu, Hongkou, Yangpu, Zhabei, The 9 Shanghai central urban areas of Putuo and Luwan, the suburbs of Baoshan, Minhang, Songjiang, Jiading, and Qingpu, as well as the 15 administrative regions of Pudong New Area, rank first in the country and third in the world in terms of network scale.

Background information

As early as 1958, Shanghai began preliminary preparations for subway construction. At that time, Soviet experts asserted that Shanghai had soft soil with high water content, so it was not suitable for tunnel construction. . In 1963, a tunnel with a diameter of 4.2 meters was excavated in Tangqiao, Pudong, using the structural method and lined with reinforced concrete segments to verify the feasibility of constructing tunnels in silt soil and silt clay soil. In 1964, a subway test project code-named "Project 60" was excavated near Hengshan Park. It failed because the inner diameter was too small to allow large vehicles to be driven. In the late 1970s, a second test tunnel was tried underground in Caoxi Park, with an investment of more than 40 million yuan and a total length of 1,290 meters. Careful passengers can notice that this section of the line uses structural methods to build underground continuous cement walls (square tunnels), which is significantly different from the shield tunneling (circular tunnels) used later. This section of the line is now used as the official route of Shanghai Rail Transit Line 1. In May 1989, China and Germany formally signed a subway special loan agreement of 460 million marks. On March 7, 1990, the State Council formally agreed that the Shanghai subway project from New Longhua Station (today's Shanghai South Railway Station) to Shanghai New Passenger Station (today's Shanghai Railway station) construction started. After the unremitting efforts of the subway project builders, Shanghai Rail Transit Line 1 was finally completed and opened to traffic on April 10, 1995. The entire line (Shanghai Railway Station-Jinjiang Paradise Station) was completed. Jinjiang Paradise Station was added before the trial operation. It turned out that this section of the line was a trial line. Considering that it would be inconvenient for central leaders to get on and off the Shanghai subway when it was completed after it was completed, it was decided to build half an above-ground station in Jinjiang Paradise, with only downlink lines and no platforms for the uplink lines. Leaders can directly enter the station platform by car. Later, because citizens living in the nearby Kangjian Xincun and Meilong areas found it very convenient to get in and out of the city (it only took 10 minutes to Xujiahui), and it was convenient to take the bus at that time and the ticket was cheap (only 1 yuan), so it attracted a large number of people at once Citizens moved to the Meilong area, and finally decided to officially build Jinjiang Paradise Station and build it into a building-level station, with the upper part of the building used for commercial buildings. Since Shanghai has a strong economic foundation, Shanghai's rail transit has been developing rapidly since the first subway was built. Considering the scale of a city as large as Shanghai and the historical arrears in municipal transportation, this speed is not excessive. Large municipal projects must be approved by the central government, and Shanghai's subway project has been delayed in an effort to control macroeconomics and curb dissatisfaction elsewhere. Therefore, the Shanghai Municipal Government used various methods to cut off the project first and then start construction before the central government's permission was issued. At the beginning of the construction of Rail Transit Line 3, it was called the "Railway Shanghai-Hangzhou Line Reconstruction Project" to avoid the need for central approval for subway construction. In fact, technically speaking, Rail Transit Line 3 is exactly the same as the subway line. Rail Transit Line 5 was originally an extension of Rail Transit Line 1. The original plan of Rail Transit Line 1 was from Jinshan to Baoshan. Due to excessive investment, the Minhang District Government raised funds on its own to build Rail Transit Line 5. However, in fact, no passenger flow survey was conducted before the construction of Line 5, resulting in only 8,000 to 9,000 passengers per day in the initial stage of opening. Today, due to the development of Minhang District and the convenience brought by the non-exit transfer with Xinzhuang Station of Line 1, the daily passenger volume has increased to nearly 80,000 people. Rail Transit Line 6, Rail Transit Line 8, and Rail Transit Line 5 use light rail trains. From a global perspective, it is extremely rare for light rail trains to be used in cities with a population of over 10 million. As Rail Transit Line 8 passes through the Yangpu area with a population of over 1 million, using a light rail train with a small passenger capacity will inevitably cause great operational difficulties.

The rapid ground subsidence caused by the M4 Line collapse also caused a series of construction problems, and there was a lack of construction safety risk management awareness and experience. On July 1, 2003, a serious liability accident occurred near Dongjiadu Road in Puxi during the construction of Rail Transit Line 4. , during construction using the freezing method, no corresponding measures were taken in time when the refrigeration equipment failed, and the construction was forced to continue in order to meet the schedule. As a result, large-scale landslides occurred, with economic losses as high as 150 million yuan. The construction progress of Rail Transit Line 4 has also been greatly delayed. As a result, domestic subway construction approval was temporarily suspended. The end of 2006 was a small climax in Shanghai's rail transit construction. The first phase of the west extension of Rail Transit Line 2 and the first phase of the northern extension of Rail Transit Line 3 were completed. This has greatly improved the travel environment for residents in the Tianshan area of ??Changning in the west and Wusong area of ??Baoshan in the north. At the same time, the end of 2007 also ushered in another relatively large peak. Rail Transit Line 6, Rail Transit Line 8 Phase I and Rail Transit Line 9 Phase I were opened at the same time. In addition, the repair section of Rail Transit Line 4 was put into operation at the same time. Shanghai Rail Transit has initially completed its network. While building infrastructure, Shanghai is also committed to independently manufacturing urban rail vehicles. The current vehicles are mainly manufactured by Siemens, Bombardier, Alstom in Germany, France, Barcelona, ??Spain, Changchun Bus Factory in China, Qingdao Sifang Locomotive and Rolling Stock Factory, and Nanjing Puzhen Vehicle Factory. , manufactured by Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Factory. In the past few years, the Shanghai government has been persuading Bombardier and Shanghai Electric Group to form a joint venture factory to produce subway vehicles. However, Bombardier considered that Shanghai did not have factories and experience in building railway vehicles, and finally chose Changchun Railway Passenger Car Factory as its partner. In order to revive Shanghai Electric Group, the Shanghai government finally forced Shanghai Electric to establish a joint venture with Alstom in Minhang, Shanghai Alstom Transportation Equipment Co., Ltd., to produce and maintain rail transit Line 5. The 28 trains used in the first phase of Rail Transit Line 8 will also be manufactured by it. In the future, we will also participate in the production of Rail Transit Line 2 and Rail Transit Line 6. It is only a matter of time before the production technology for large vehicles is introduced.

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 1 (Line R1)

Line 1 Urban Rapid Metro

Basic Information

Length: 37 kilometers

Identification color: bright red

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 1 AC-06 electric bus Manufacturer: Alstom Consortium Speed: 80km/h Grouping: 8-car grouping Type A train (ABCBCBCA) carriage: aluminum alloy through-type carriage, 3 meters wide, 3.8 meters high, and the entire train is 186 meters long. The maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 3,280 people. Year of manufacture: 2006-2007 Transmission mode: VVVF AC motor Total number of transmissions: 16 trains (numbered 140-155) Localization rate: greater than 70 Remarks: Alstom consortium consists of Shanghai Alstom Rail Transit Equipment Company and China South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Corporation The group is composed of Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Factory, of which Shanghai Alstom Rail Transit Equipment Company is a joint venture jointly established by French Alstom and Shanghai Electric Group. The 16 AC-06 subway trains operating on Line 1 are produced by Nanjing Puzhen Rolling Stock Factory and Shanghai Electric, eight of which are each produced.

Historical Replay

On January 19, 1990, construction officially started with the approval of the State Council.

On January 10, 1993, the uplink line from Jinjiang Paradise Station to Xujiahui Station in the southern section was completed.

On May 28, 1993, the southern section of the line (Xujiahui Station-Jinjiang Amusement Park Station) began trial operation for sightseeing.

On December 12, 1994, the entire Shanghai Metro Line 1 (Shanghai Railway Station-Jinjiang Amusement Park Station, the ground line south of Caobao Road Station, and the rest underground lines) was put into trial operation.

On April 10, 1995, the entire Line 1 (Shanghai Railway Station-Jinjiang Paradise Station) was put into trial operation, with a total length of 16.1 kilometers.

In July 1995, the entire line was officially put into operation.

On December 28, 1996, the southern extension section of Line 1 (Hongmei Road to Xinzhuang) was put into trial operation.

On July 1, 1997, the southern extension of Line 1 (Jinjiang Paradise Station-Xinzhuang Station, a ground route) was put into operation, with a total length of 21.35 kilometers;

December 2004 On the 28th, the northern extension section (an elevated route, 12.43 kilometers long) was put into trial operation.

On December 29, 2007, the north-north extension (***3 stations) to Fujin Road Station was 4.3 kilometers long. So far, the total length of Line 1 has reached 36.89 kilometers.

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 2 (Line R2)

Line 2 Urban Rapid Metro

Basic length: 68 kilometers

Identification color: light green

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 2 AC-08 electric bus

Manufacturer: Alstom Consortium Speed: 80km/h Grouping: 8-car grouping Type A train (ABCBCBCA) carriage: aluminum alloy through-type carriage, 3 meters wide, 3.8 meters high, and the entire train is 186 meters long. The maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 3,280. Year of manufacture: 2007-2009 Transmission method: VVVF AC motor Total number of transmissions: 21 columns (No. 0233-0253) Localization rate: more than 70

Historical review

2000 6 It was officially opened to traffic on March 11 and is 16.3 kilometers long.

On December 26, 2000, the east extension section (Longyang Road-Zhangjiang Hi-Tech, ground route) was completed, and the total length was increased to 19.1 kilometers.

On December 7, 2005, a large-scale water seepage accident occurred at the construction site of the Beizhai Road depot in Minhang District, which extends to the west. On December 30, 2006, the fourth station of the west extension section (Zhongshan Park-Songhong Road) was completed and put into trial operation.

On February 24, 2010, the first two stations of the eastern extension section (Zhangjiang Hi-Tech-Guanglan Road) were completed and put into trial operation.

On March 16, 2010, the first two stations of the Xixi extension section (Songhong Road-Xujingdong) were completed and put into trial operation.

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 3 (M3 Line)

Line 3 Urban Subway

Basic Information

Length: 40.5 kilometers

Identification color: yellow

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 3 AC-03 electric bus manufacturer: French Alstom, Nanjing Puzhen Vehicle Factory Speed: 80km/h Grouping: 6-car A-type train (ABCCBA) Carriage: Aluminum alloy through-type car body, the maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 2460 people. Year of manufacture: 2002-2004 Transmission mode: VVVF AC motor Total number of transmissions: 28 trains (numbered 301-328) Localization rate: more than 70 Remarks: Trains 301 and 302 are imported from France, and the remaining 26 trains are rolled out in Puzhen, Nanjing The factory completes production.

Historical Review

On December 26, 2000, the first phase of Line 3 was opened to traffic, with a total length of 25 kilometers and 19 stations along the line.

On December 18, 2006, the northern extension section (Jiangwan Town-Jiangyang North Road, 15.4 kilometers long) was opened to traffic.

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 4 (Line M4)

Line 4 Urban Subway

Basic length: 27 kilometers

Identification color: dark purple

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 4 AC-05 electric bus Manufacturer: Germany's Siemens AG, CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Company Speed: 80km/h Vehicle composition: 6-car group A Type train (ABCCBA) carriage: aluminum alloy through-car body. The maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 2,460.

Year of manufacture: 2002-2004 Transmission mode: VVVF AC motor Total number of transmissions: 28 trains (401-428)

Historical review Rail Transit Line 4 C-shaped line (Puxi Damuqiao to Pudong Lancun Road Station) was put into operation on December 31, 2005, with a total length of 27 kilometers and 22 stations. On October 11, 2009, Shanghai Rail Transit Line 4 became the first national "Worker Pioneer" subway line in China. "Worker Pioneer" signs are posted on the fronts of all vehicles on the line.

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 5 (Line R1a)

Line 5 Light Rail

Basic Information

Length: 17.04 kilometers

Identification color: light purple

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 5 AC-11 electric bus Manufacturer: French Alstom Company, Shanghai Alstom Transportation Equipment Co., Ltd. Speed: 80km /h Grouping: 4-car C-type train (ABBA) Carriage: Aluminum alloy non-through-type car body, the cab trailer is 19.5 meters long, the carriage train is 19.4 meters long and 2.6 meters wide, and the entire train is 77.9 meters long. The entire train has 172 seats, each car has a maximum passenger capacity of 224 people, and the entire train has a maximum passenger capacity of 896 people. Year of manufacture: 2002-2004 Transmission method: VVVF AC motor transmission Total number: 17 trains (No. 501-518) Note: All trains of Line 5 are produced at Alstom Transportation Equipment Co., Ltd. in Minhang, Shanghai.

Trial operation started on November 25, 2003. The total length is 17.2 kilometers and there are 11 stations along the line.

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 6 (L4)

Line 6 Light Rail

Basic information

Length: 36 kilometers

Identification color: dark pink

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 6 AC-12 electric bus manufacturer: French Alstom Company, Shanghai Alstom Transportation Equipment Co., Ltd. Speed: 80km /h Grouping: 4-car C-type train (ABBA) Carriage: Aluminum alloy through-type carriage, with a maximum passenger capacity of 224 people and a maximum passenger capacity of 896 people in the entire train. Manufacturing year: 2007-2008 Transmission mode: VVVF AC motor Total number of transmissions: 21 trains (No. 0601-0623) Time: 12 minutes/shift Note: All trains on Line 6 are operated by Alstom Transportation Equipment Co., Ltd. in Minhang, Shanghai The company completes production. It is the second batch of urban rail vehicles produced by Shanghai Alstom Company after the Line 5 train. Shanghai Alstom Rail Transit Equipment Company is a joint venture jointly established by French Alstom Company and Shanghai Electric Group.

Opening time: 2007

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 7 (M7 Line)

Line 7 Urban Subway

Basic Situation

Length: 37 kilometers

Identification color: orange

Number of stations: 31

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 7 AC -Type 09 electric bus

Manufacturer: Changchun Changke Bombardier Rail Vehicle Co., Ltd.

Design speed: 80km/h

Vehicle composition: 6 sections (ABCCBA)

Car: 23.54 meters long, 3 meters wide, capacity 310 people

Manufacture year: 2007 -

Motor transmission method: VVVF AC transmission

Total number of vehicles: 43 (No. 0701-0743)

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 8 (M8 Line)

Line 8 Urban Subway

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Basic information

Length: 41 kilometers

Identification color: blue

AC-07 electric bus of Shanghai Rail Transit Line 8 Manufacturer: French Alstom Company, Shanghai Alstom Transportation Equipment Co., Ltd. Speed: 80km/h Grouping: 6-car grouping C-type train (controlled trailer with pantograph EMU without pantograph EMU without pantograph EMU control trailer with pantograph) Carriage: Aluminum alloy through-type car body. Each carriage has a capacity of 210 people, with a maximum passenger capacity of 224, and the maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 1,344. Year of manufacture: 2006-2008 Transmission method: VVVF AC motor Total number of transmissions: 28 trains (No. 0801-0828)

Opening time: December 2007

Shanghai Rail Transit 9 Line 9 (Line R4)

Line 9 Urban Rapid Metro

Basic information

Length: 45 kilometers

Identification color: Light blue

Number of stations: 22

Opening time: December 2007

Design speed: 80m/h

Underground section : Century Avenue Station-Jiuting Station

Elevated section: Jiuting Station West-Songjiang New Town

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 9 AC-04 electric bus manufacturer: Changchun Changke Bombardier Rail Vehicle Co., Ltd. Speed: 80km/h Vehicle composition: 6-car A-type train (ABCCBA) Carriage: Aluminum alloy through-car body. The maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 2,460. Manufacturing year: 2004-2005 Transmission mode: VVVF AC motor transmission, IGBT-VVVF control Total number: 10 trains (No. 901-910)

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 9 AC-09 electric bus manufacturing Manufacturer: Changchun Changke Bombardier Rail Vehicle Co., Ltd. Speed: 80km/h Vehicle composition: 6-car A-type train (ABCCBA) Carriage: Aluminum alloy through-car body, each car is 23.54 meters long and 3 meters wide. The entire train 141.2 meters long. The maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 2,460.

Year of manufacture: 2007-2009 Transmission mode: VVVF AC transmission Total number: 41 trains (No. 911-951)

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 9 Shanghai Electric domestic train SH09 electric bus Manufacturer: Shanghai Electric Group speed: 80km/h Vehicle composition: 6-car A-type train (ABCCBA) Manufacturing year: 2007 Transmission mode: VVVF AC transmission

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 9 (Line R4)

Line 9 Urban Rapid Metro

Basic information

Length: 45 kilometers

Identification color: light blue

Number of stations: 22

Opening time: December 2007

Design speed: 80m/h

Underground section: Century Avenue Station-Jiuting Station

Elevated section: Jiuting Station West-Songjiang New Town

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 9 AC-04 electric bus manufacturer: Changchun Changke Bombardier Rail Vehicle Co., Ltd. Speed: 80km/ h? Vehicle composition: 6-car A-type train (ABCCBA) Carriage: Aluminum alloy through-car body. The maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 2,460. Manufacturing year: 2004-2005 Transmission mode: VVVF AC motor transmission, IGBT-VVVF control Total number: 10 trains (No. 901-910)

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 9 AC-09 electric bus manufacturing Manufacturer: Changchun Changke Bombardier Rail Vehicle Co., Ltd. Speed: 80km/h? Vehicle composition: 6-car A-type train (ABCCBA) Carriage: Aluminum alloy through-car body, each car is 23.54 meters long, 3 meters wide, and the whole The train length is 141.2 meters. The maximum passenger capacity of the entire train is 2,460. Year of manufacture: 2007-2009 Transmission mode: VVVF AC transmission Total number: 41 trains (No. 911-951) Shanghai Rail Transit Line 9 Shanghai Electric domestic train SH09 electric bus Manufacturer: Shanghai Electric Group Speed: 80km/h Vehicle Composition: 6-car A-type train (ABCCBA) Manufacturing year: 2007 Transmission mode: VVVF AC transmission

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 10 (M1 Line)

Line 10 Urban subway

Basic information:

Length: about 34 kilometers

Identification color: lavender

Number of stations: 31

Opening date: April 10, 2010

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 11 (Line R3)

Line 11 City Rapid Metro

Basic information:

Length: 66.5 kilometers

Identification color: dark brown

Number of stations: 20 (16 main lines, 4 branch lines, including Universal Park The station is a reserved station)

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 12 (Line M2)

Line 12 Urban Subway

Basic situation

Length: 34 kilometers

Identification color: dark green

Number of stations: 34

Opening time: December 2012 (all lines)

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 22 (Jinshan Branch)

Line 22 Urban Rapid Metro

Basic Information

Length: 34 kilometers

Identification color: unknown

A ceremony was held on August 12, 2009 to officially start construction.

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 20

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 20 is an important rail transit line planned and constructed by Shanghai from 2010 to 2013.

Starting from Hongqiao Railway Station in the east, go parallel westbound along the south side of Songze Avenue, cross the A5 Highway, and then turn along Yingang East Road and Yingang Road westward into Qingpu City. After entering the Zhujiajiao area, go parallel to the south side of National Highway 318 to Dongfeng Road Zhou , the whole journey is 33.2 kilometers, including the terminal station with 11 stations.

Length: about 33.227 kilometers

Identification color: undecided

Line category: heavy rail transit (heavy rail, not light rail), speed 100 kilometers per hour

Group situation: The platform for A-type cars is reserved for 8 cars. The first batch of operating trains is 6 cars, which will be increased to 8 cars according to the situation.

Shanghai Rail Transit Line 21 (R3 Extension Line)

Basic information:

Length: about 60 kilometers

Identification color : Dark gray

Shanghai Metro Construction Start List

1990 Line 1 started construction. Schematic diagram of Shanghai urban rail transit planning

1993 The southern section of Line 1 (Jinjiang Paradise-Xujiahui) was opened to traffic.

1995 The northern section of Line 1 (Xujiahui-Shanghai Station) was opened to traffic; construction of Line 2 started.

1997 The southern extension of Line 1 (Jinjiang Paradise-Xinzhuang) was opened to traffic.

1998 Line 3 started construction.

2000 Line 2 (Zhongshan Park-Zhangjiang Hi-Tech) was opened to traffic. Line 5 starts construction.

2001 Line 3 (Shanghai South Railway Station-Jiangwan Town) was opened to traffic; the airport rapid rail transit construction started. 2002 Line 5 (Xinzhuang-Minhang Development Zone) was opened to traffic; construction of Line 6 started.

2003 The northern extension of Line 1 (***Fuxincun-Shanghai Station) and the Airport Rapid Transit (Pudong Airport-Longyang Road) were opened to traffic. Construction of Line 4, Line 8 and Line 9 has started.

2004 Construction of Line 7 and Line 10 started.

2005 The west extension section of Line 2 (Zhongshan Park-Songhong Road) and the north extension section of Line 3 (Jiangwan Town-Jiangyang North Road) were opened to traffic; Line 11 opened to the central urban area of ??Shanghai Traffic planning schematic diagrammer.

2006 Line 4 C-shaped loop; Line 13 Expo section started construction.

2007 Line 6 (Gangcheng Road-Jiyang Road), Line 8 (Shiguang Road-Yaohua Road), Line 9 (Guilin Road-Songjiang New Town) and Line 1 The second phase of the northern extension (***Fuxin Village-Fujin Road) and the open section of Line 4 are open to traffic.

In 2008, the section of Line 9 (Guilin Road-Yishan Road) was opened to traffic.

2009 Line 7 (Shanghai University - Huamu Road), Line 8 Phase II (Space Museum - Yaohua Road), Line 9 Phase II (Yishan Road - Century Avenue), Line 10 Line 1 (Anting/Jiading North Road-Jiangsu Road) was opened to traffic; construction of Line 12, Line 13 Phase 1, and the Pudong Avenue section of Line 14 started.

2010 The east extension section of Line 2 (Pudong Airport-Longyang Road) and the west extension section (Songhong Road-Xujing East) and the north extension section of Line 7 (Shanghai University-U.S. Lanhu), Line 10 (New Jiangwan City-Hongqiao Comprehensive Transportation Hub East Station/Hangzhong Road), Line 13 Expo Section (Madang Road-Expo Avenue) are open to traffic; Line 19, Line 20 Line and Line 21 started construction.

In 2011, the construction of Line 14, Line 15, Line 16, Line 17, Line 18 and Line 22 started.

2012 Line 5 Phase II (Dongchuan Road-Nanqiao New Town), Line 11 Phase II (Jiangsu Road-Jiyang Road), Line 8 Phase III (Space Museum-Luzhou Hui) opened to traffic.

2013 Line 12 (Lingkong Road—Youdong Road), Line 13 Phase I (Huajiang Road—Changqing Road), Line 21 (Longyang Road— Lingang New Town) opened to traffic.

2015 The southern section of Line 9 (Songjiang New Town-Fengjing) and the eastern section of Phase 2 (Minsheng Road-Lingkong Road), the second phase of Line 10 (No. 5 ditch-Xinjiangwan City ), Line 11 Phase III (Jiyang Road-Disneyland), Line 13 West Extension (Huajiang Road-Huaxin), Line 14 (Anting North Station-Heqing), Line 10 Line 5 (Jinqiu Road—Nanqiao New City), Line 17 (***Qinglin Forest Park—Hongqiao Comprehensive Transportation Hub), Line 19 (Lingkong Road—Xinmin/Chengqiao New City), Line 2 Line 10 (Hongqiao Comprehensive Transportation Hub—Zhujiajiao), Line 22 (Minhang Development Zone—Hongqiao Comprehensive Transportation Hub), and Airport Rapid Transit Phase II (Hongqiao Comprehensive Transportation Hub—Longyang Road) are open to traffic; along the river Line started.

2016 Phase 3 of the northern extension of Line 1 (Chengqiao New Town-Fujin Road) and Phase 2 of the southern extension (Xinzhuang-Songjiang New Station), Line 18 (Changjiang West Road- —Hangtou) is open to traffic.

2017 The northern extension of Line 17 (***Qinglin Park-Wusong Second Cruise Port), the western extension of Line 12 (Qingpu Industrial Park-Youdong Road), Six The northern extension of Line No. 1 (Gaoqiao Binjiang Forest Park-Gangcheng Road) is open to traffic.

In 2018, the southern extension of Line 2 (Pudong Airport-Pudong Passenger Station) and Line 16 (zonal loop line) were opened to traffic.

The second phase of the west extension of Line 13 in 2020 (Huaxin-Baihe), the riverside line (Xinjiangwan City-Guangang/Youyi River), the west extension of the Airport Rapid Transit (Qingpu Station - Hongqiao Comprehensive Transportation Hub) and the southern extension section (Pudong Airport - Pudong Passenger Station), and the second phase of Line 22 (Minhang Development Zone - Weiqing Road) are open to traffic.

Fare standards

Starting from November 29, 2009, all rail transit in Shanghai will implement a one-pass pricing model for the entire network. No matter how many subways passengers take across lines, they will be charged according to entry and exit. Charges are based on the shortest transfer distance between two stations. Line 4 will be put into trial operation on December 31 and will join the One-Pass network.

(1) 3 yuan within 6 kilometers, 4 yuan from 6 to 16 kilometers, and an additional 1 yuan for every 10 kilometers above 16 kilometers. Capped.

(2) According to relevant regulations, if you travel without a ticket or lose your ticket, you will be charged the maximum one-way fare, and the payment will be less than 5 times.

(3) New regulations of Shanghai Metro: If you use a transportation card to exit the station abnormally, or the ticket does not have entry information, you will be charged 9 yuan.

Overall Development

In 1990, Shanghai Metro Line 1 broke ground and was completed and put into operation in 1995, achieving a breakthrough in Shanghai's rail transit. Since then, Shanghai's urban rail transit has entered a period of rapid development. By 2000, three lines with a total length of 65 kilometers were completed and opened to traffic in Shanghai, forming the initial network of Shanghai's urban rail transit. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, Shanghai built 9 rail transit lines with a total length of 250 kilometers, forming an urban rail transit skeleton network. As of the end of 2007, Shanghai has 8 rail transit lines in operation, with an average daily passenger volume of 3.8 million passengers, and the total line length will exceed 230 kilometers, ranking first in the country. In the second half of 2008, affected by the international financial crisis, China promptly adjusted its macroeconomic policies and proposed expanding domestic demand to maintain economic growth. The government further increased infrastructure construction, and local governments also issued policy plans. From January to October 2008, the total fixed asset investment in Shanghai was 373.616 billion yuan, an increase of 5.6% over the same period in 2007. From 2008 to 2010, Shanghai plans to invest 200 billion yuan in building a basic rail transit network. With the acceleration of urbanization and the approaching of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, the urgency of Shanghai urban rail transit construction is also increasing. Shanghai continues to optimize the rail transit investment environment and innovate investment and financing models. The government vigorously calls on foreign investment and private enterprises to enter the rail transit construction field. In recent years, commercial development along rail transit lines in Shanghai has gradually matured. The agglomeration effect of rail transit has induced a large amount of consumer demand and investment demand. Real estate development along rail transit lines and commercial operations of rail transit hubs have become investment hot spots.

In order to fundamentally alleviate traffic congestion in Shanghai and ensure smooth traffic for the 2010 World Expo, Shanghai has accelerated rail transit construction, established a rail transit network resource sharing mechanism, and established a sound rail transit industry safety system. By 2010, Shanghai will have built a basic rail transit network with 12 lines and an operating mileage of more than 400 kilometers, and its scale will rank among the top three cities in the world. It is estimated that the total mileage of Shanghai's rail transit operations will reach about 510 kilometers in 2012, ranking first in the world. By 2020, Shanghai will have built a 970-kilometer urban rail transit network.

Beijing Metro

Beijing Metro serves the urban rail transit system in Beijing, China, and its surrounding areas. It was built on July 1, 1965, and the first subway line was completed and opened to traffic on October 1, 1969, making Beijing the first city in China to have a subway.

Construction History

The first Beijing subway long-term planning map. After the relationship between China and the Soviet Union deteriorated in the late 1950s, China began to plan three important subway stations in Beijing, Shenyang, and Shanghai. Cities build subways as a means of defense in both peacetime and wartime readiness. The Beijing Subway was the first to start construction. The first phase of the project started construction on July 1, 1965. Its line runs through the urban area of ??Beijing from west to east along Chang'an Street and the southern edge of the Beijing City Wall, connecting the garrison station in Xishan and Beijing Station. It adopts open-cut return methods. Buried construction. The total length is 23.6 kilometers, with 17 stations and a depot (the ancient city depot). It was completed and opened to traffic on October 1, 1969. It is estimated that the Beijing subway can transport troops from Xishan to Beijing urban area every day from 5 army integrated divisions during wartime. The 1982 Beijing subway planning map is a war preparation project. The Beijing subway will not be open to the public for a long time after it is opened to traffic. Visitors and rides must have a letter of introduction. On January 15, 1971, the section from Gongzhufen to Beijing Station began trial operation. On August 5, 1971, it was extended to Yuquan Road to Beijing Station. On November 7, 1971, it was extended to Gucheng Road to Beijing Station. On April 23, 1973 Extended from Pingguoyuan to Beijing Station. The second phase of the Beijing Subway project began in 1969. Its line runs along the inner city wall of Beijing from Jianguomen to Fuxingmen in an inverted U shape. It has 12 stations and a Taiping Lake depot. The line length is 17.2 kilometers. On September 15, 1981, the Beijing Subway was officially put into operation. The construction of the Beijing Metro Fu8 Line started on June 24, 1992, and it was opened to trial operation on September 28, 1999. It was fully connected with the first line on June 28, 2000. The Batong Line was opened in 2003 and plays an important role in improving Tongzhou's traffic environment. On July 19, 2008, on the eve of the Beijing Olympics, the first phase of Beijing Subway Line 10, the Olympic branch line (Phase I of Beijing Subway Line 8) and the Airport Line were officially opened to traffic. At this point, the operating mileage of Beijing's rail transit will reach 200 kilometers and the number of operating lines will reach 8. The network effect of Beijing's rail transit has initially appeared. In 2009, the lines opened for operation by the Beijing Subway include Line 1, Line 2, Line 4, Line 5, Line 8, Line 10, Line 13, Airport Express, and Batong Line, with a total operating mileage of In 2015 it will reach 561 kilometers. In 2010, the Beijing Metro opened the Yizhuang Line, Daxing Line, Fangshan Line and Changping Line. In May of the same year, mobile phone signals were activated on the entire Beijing subway network.

Beijing Subway has officially implemented the 2-yuan fare system for the entire network since October 7, 2007, and at the same time abolished the subway monthly pass.

In 2020, Beijing Subway will become one of the largest subway cities in the world.

History of Beijing Subway Development/view/21157.htm?fr=ala0_1_1#3