What do dry cleaners use for dry cleaning? Tell me in detail

dry cleaning means washing clothes without water. It only uses solvents to remove oil stains. Because the solvents contain almost no water, it is called dry cleaning.

2. The basic steps of dry cleaning are:

The first step is pretreatment, that is, stain removal. It uses artificial additives to pre-treat seriously polluted dirt and stains insoluble in dry cleaning solvents (such as juice, nail polish, paint, ink, etc.).

second step, main washing. Put the pretreated clothes into the dry cleaning machine, wash them thoroughly with dry cleaning solvent and spin (dry) them.

the third step, post-treatment, mainly aims at removing the residual dry cleaning solvent in clothes and ironing and shaping.

3. How many kinds of dry cleaning solutions are there? What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

there are three main types, they are:

a, chlorinated hydrocarbon synthesis solvent, and the most commonly used one is tetrachloroethylene (PEKCRO), which has good safety and strong degreasing and decontamination ability, but it has a strong corrosive effect on metals, and its hydrolysis main substance is toxic, which is harmful to soil, water quality and human body. In addition, it has a strong dissolving effect on plastic, nylon and other products, so such ornaments (such as buttons, etc.) must be removed when washing.

b, chlorofluoride solvent, the typical representative of which is trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113), is non-toxic, non-flammable, non-corrosive to rubber and many chemical fibers, and its cleanliness is higher than that of tetrachloroethylene. However, such solvents have been banned because they destroy the ozone layer of the atmosphere.

C. Hydrocarbon solvent, namely petroleum solvent, has good washing effect. Clothes washed with this kind of solvent have no peculiar smell common in tetrachloroethylene washing, and have no pollution to human body and environment. In the past, because of its poor safety, it was eliminated. Now, with the development of science and technology, the safety has been solved, so it is more and more favored by dry cleaning owners.

4. Several specific questions about dry cleaning

A. What kind of clothes are not suitable for dry cleaning?

polypropylene clothing (including rain-proof silk, etc.), rubber products (including elastic bands), artificial leather, paint ornaments (such as lacquered flowers), metal ornaments, and velvet products bonded with glue.

b, will frequent dry cleaning shorten the life of clothes?

no, on the contrary, frequent dry cleaning will prolong the service life of clothes, because washing first makes the fibers of clothes swell, so that when washing, the detergent will penetrate into the fibers, making it difficult to clean them, and the remaining detergent will erode the fibers, making them brittle from the surface, leading to a decrease in the service life of clothes. Dry cleaning will not make the fibers of clothes swell, and dry cleaning agents, especially petroleum solutions, will not penetrate into the fibers, so it will not cause the clothes to become brittle and will not affect the reduction of their service life. Moreover, stains on clothes will affect their service life for a long time, and once they are good, they will wear the fabric fibers as quickly as sandpaper. In addition, bacteria such as spores attached to dust will further damage clothes.

c, can dry cleaning kill bacteria?

Yes, but not all bacteria. Generally speaking, microorganisms on clothes can be divided into germs, caterpillars, spores and parasites. In the process of dry cleaning, germs, caterpillars and moth larvae can be killed due to the action of dry cleaning agents. For spores, they can be stripped from clothes by mechanical force and then separated by filters. For lice, it can be killed, but it can't be separated from clothes because of its strong adhesion.

d, does the dry cleaning shrink?

no. It is normal and proper only in the dry cleaning process, and the clothes will not shrink. If there is shrinkage, it is because the original clothing factory did not do a good job of shrink-proof processing in advance, and the second is that the dry cleaning agent was mixed with water.