Reading comprehension answers and analysis of the two articles "Chinese Dragon" and "Flute in the Wind" Thank you~

Chinese Dragon Reading Answers Xu Jinxiong

① Among the twelve zodiac signs, the dragon is the most admired by people. Although its image is somewhat sinister, it has been chosen by the Chinese as a symbol of auspiciousness and nobility and is very popular. Unlike Western European medieval literature and art, the flame-breathing dragon is regarded as a symbol of evil forces. The dragon has a very close relationship with the Chinese cultural circle and is often used to represent China.

②The dragon is the only animal that does not exist in the Chinese zodiac, but it should be an animal that exists that people have seen. Because of its rarity, the image slowly changed, and then it was deified, separated from reality, and became a fictional animal. A Several tombs dating back more than 6,000 years ago in Puyang, Henan, found dragon patterns with clam shells arranged next to the corpses, which imbued religious beliefs. Its image is quite realistic, with a long and narrow mouth, a long body, short legs, a thick and long tail, but no horns. Developed to the oracle bone inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty, the dragon character has become an animal shape with a horned crown, a long upper jaw, a short lower jaw, and a curled body. Judging from the circulating cultural relics, the early image of the dragon was more realistic. Later, in order to exaggerate its magic, the characteristics of nine different animals were selected and modified: horns like a deer, head like a camel, eyes like a ghost, neck like a snake, belly like a mirage, It has scales like a fish, claws like an eagle, palms like a tiger, and ears like an ox. Of course, it is impossible to find its image in the real world.

③The dragon is an ancient totem①, and most of the totems are real objects in nature. There are records of dragons in bronze inscriptions from the Spring and Autumn Period. The "Book of Changes" in the early Western Zhou Dynasty describes dragons as being able to hide in the abyss, fly in the sky, fight on the ground, and the blood they shed is dark yellow. "Zuo Zhuan" records that in 523 BC, when the state of Zheng suffered a flood, dragons fought in the Weiyuan outside the city gate; it also recorded that there were different types of dragons, including the Yellow River dragon and the Han water dragon, and there were people who could feed them. From these descriptions and remaining graphics, we can know that dragons are originally a general term for amphibians and reptiles, which can live on land and in water, and some can jump very high, as if they can fly.

④ As for the belief that dragons can fly and cause rain, it may be related to the living habits of the alligators that live on both sides of the Yangtze River. The characteristics of the dragon include a rough and uneven face, a narrow and long mouth, and sharp teeth. In China, these characteristics are unique to other animals except crocodiles. Except that the alligator has no horns, its body and face resemble that of a dragon, which may be the source of its image. Besides, ancient dragons were hornless. Alligators appear before thunderstorms and have a hibernation habit of hiding in autumn and waking up in spring. The ancients always saw the alligator appearing at the same time as a thunderstorm, and the rain fell from the sky, so they imagined that it could fly.

⑤ People believe that dragons have the power to cause rain, which can be traced back to the Shang Dynasty at least. There is a poem written by Jiagu Zhen③, "It makes a dragon in the earthly field, and it rains?" It is related to the ritual of building an earth dragon to pray for rain. Dong Zhongshu of the Western Han Dynasty wrote in "Spring and Autumn Fanlu" that when building earth dragons to pray for rain, he detailed how to build different numbers and sizes of earth dragons in different seasons according to the principles of the Five Elements theory, facing different directions, and painted Dance in different colors and with different numbers of people. This tradition has continued into modern times, and farmers also pray to the Sea Dragon King for rain.

⑥The dragon later became a symbol of the royal family. It is likely to be related to the birth legend of Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty. The "Historical Records" of the Han Dynasty contains two records related to Liu Bang and dragons: "Liu's wife was on the slope of Daze, and she dreamed of meeting the gods. At that time, the thunder and lightning were dim, and when Taigong looked, he saw a dragon on it. "She was the head of the pavilion in Sishui, and the officials in the court were always insulting her. She was fond of wine and had sex with her. She often drank wine from Wang's wife and Wu's wife, and she often fell drunk. Wu's wife and Wang's wife often saw him. If there is a dragon, it is strange.” The emperor of the Han Dynasty came from an ordinary family, so it was necessary to make up stories to explain the rationality of mortals accepting the destiny and ascending to the throne of God. What is not clear is whether the story was made up because the dragon is a symbol of nobility, or was the dragon chosen by chance to make up the story, making the dragon a symbol of the royal family? Notes ① Totem: A certain animal or natural object that people in primitive society believe is related to the clan by blood, and is generally used as a symbol of the clan. ②洧(wěi): Weichuan, place name, in Henan. ③Zhen: Divination. ④贳 (shì): credit.

20. Read the full text and summarize its content in order.

(Within 8 words) (3 points)

——The evolution of the image of the dragon——The dragon is an ancient totem————

21. Can the order of the underlined sentences AB in paragraph 2 be reversed? Why? (3 points)

22. The word "at least" added in paragraph 5 cannot be deleted. Please explain the reason. (2 points)

23. Paragraph 6 quotes two dragon-related materials in "Historical Records". What is their function? (2 points)

24. Which of the following understanding and analysis of the article is incorrect ( ) (2 points)

A. Paragraph 1 writes that dragons are seen as evil forces in Western European literature and art. This is to highlight the image of the Chinese dragon through comparison.

B． Paragraph 2 mentions that the dragon is the only animal that does not exist among the twelve zodiac animals, which shows that the image of the dragon is imagined out of thin air.

C. In order to pray for good weather, people often dance dragon lanterns during the New Year. This may be related to the fact that people believe that dragons have the power to bring rain.

D. Paragraph 6 ends with a question, which shows that the author does not make conclusions on issues that cannot be explained at the moment, which reflects the scientific nature of the article.

Reference answer:

20. (3 points) The symbolic meaning of the dragon. The dragon can fly and make rain. The dragon becomes a royal symbol (1 point per point)

21. (3 points) cannot be exchanged (1 point). Because AB is written in chronological order; it corresponds to the paragraph "because of its rarity, the image slowly changed and was later deified"; the dragon in A has no horns, while the dragon in B has a horn crown. (Each point is 1 point. Just answer any two of the points. Just answering "cannot be exchanged" without explaining the reasons will not be scored)

22. (2 points) "At least" means the minimum, indicating that the understanding of dragons having the power to cause rain appeared very early (possibly before the Shang Dynasty) (1 point), which reflects the accuracy of the expository language (1 point). (No analysis, just saying "reflects the accuracy of the expository language" will not be scored)

23. (2 points) Adds interest to the article (1 point); also provides evidence for the dragon to become a symbol of the emperor (1 point).

Playing the flute with the wind (14 points)

Lin Qingxuan

⑴A cool breeze blew from a distance. There was a whistling sound in the wind. Listening carefully, it sounded like a certain kind of music. After analyzing it for a long time, I determined that it was the sound of a flute, because Xiao's voice was not that clear or high-pitched. Because it came so far away, I doubted my own judgment; whose flute sound can penetrate the vast plains, and there is rain in the sky, and it can pass through the sound of rain and spread in the surrounding fields? The sound of the flute doesn't seem that long, not to mention there are only a few simple rhythms.

⑵ The place where I stand is a farmland in the countryside. To the left and right are rice fields that extend into the distance. Behind me is a mountain, and in front of me is a bamboo forest. The music obviously comes from the Ma Bamboo Forest, and it seems to be echoing in the distance behind.

⑶Is there anyone in the bamboo forest? When I was a child, I felt that among all the forests, bamboo forests were the most mysterious, especially those with a long history. Because no matter how dense the woods are, sunlight can always penetrate without difficulty. Only the dense leaves of the bamboo forest can sometimes not even the sunlight can do anything about. No matter how large the forest is, there are rules, and people can walk freely in it. Only certain bamboo forests are There are no rules, and sometimes you get lost when you walk into it. Therefore, since childhood, my father has told us the principle of "don't enter the bamboo forest", not to mention that some bamboo forests have random thorns, like thorny bamboo forests.

⑷Thinking like this, I hesitated to walk into the bamboo forest. I sat down on the edge of the rice field and listened to that piece of music alone. I saw that it was still early and we were about two miles away from the bamboo forest, so I decided to go for a walk in the bamboo forest - I thought that a place with music must be safe.

⑸When I stood in front of the bamboo forest, I was shocked by the music like the wind, sea and rain. It was like a sea of ??music, turbulent and powerful. It was not music in the world, and there was no music in the bamboo forest. people.

⑹The bamboo itself is a musical instrument, the wind is the conductor, and the bamboo and bamboo leaves are the players. It turned out that the bamboos had been sprinkled with light rain, and there were water stains on them. When they rubbed against each other, they made a sharp sound like a flute.

And the gaps between the swaying bamboo leaves all over the sky, even if there is rain, cannot stop the wind, and make many thin sounds, matching the sound of the bamboo flutes.

⑺Everyone is moved by the sounds of nature, such as the singing of frogs on a summer night, the leaping singing of birds in the spring morning, or even the symphony of the waves on a windy day. There is no natural sound that does not make us admire. Every year at the turn of winter and spring, I hear the spring thunder in the distance in the silent night, and there is always a tremor of joy in my heart.

⑻I have a friend who prefers the singing of cicadas. When Meng Xia was a child, he often sat alone in the mountains for a day in order to listen to the sound of cicadas. Once he gave me a tape recording the sound of cicadas in Hualien Mountain. It was already winter when it was sent to me. I played the tape in the cold night, and thousands of cicadas chirped in unison, making the cold house seem like countless cicadas were flying around and singing in duet. The beauty of that experience was sometimes no less than listening to cicadas in the mountains. .

⑼ Later, I also liked to record natural sounds, such as the sound of flowing streams and the sound of mountain breezes. One time I played a tape with the title "Stream" on it. Between the instruments and the cong, there were suddenly two long and sharp sounds of mountain birds, ringing in the ears and lingering for a long time, just like a person thinking about the joys of the past in a calm moment and suddenly losing his voice and sighing with joy.

⑽ But I have heard many natural sounds, but none of them were as profound as this time in the bamboo forest. It turns out that all the sounds in nature are solos, and no matter how beautiful the sounds are, they can only move our heartstrings, but the symphony of the bamboo forest completely surrounded me, like the first closely ringing note of a hundred-person symphony orchestra. Only then did I truly understand why many musical instruments in China are made of bamboo, because no natural plant can produce a sound as clear, distant, and long as bamboo.

⑾Unfortunately, I was not able to record the sound of bamboo. I went several times later, and it was either no rain, no wind, or there was wind and rain, but it was not as good as before. Only then did I realize that you still have to be blessed to listen to good natural sounds. They are infinitely varied and different every moment. If there is no wind, bamboo is just bamboo. With wind, bamboo becomes music. Wind and rain are just enough to cause the bamboos to rub against each other, and the bamboos become a symphony.

⑿ People who have lost their understanding of natural sounds are the most miserable. When someone says "the scenery is as beautiful as a painting", the state of mind is low, because the painting is quiet, and the natural scenery is alive. In addition to sight, nature also provides various sounds. This dual combination makes nature transcend the realm that humans can create. There are countless artists in the world who draw inspiration from nature, but no matter how good the artist is, they can never completely capture the soul of nature, because nature has sounds and pictures, is alive, and is changing all the time. These are all artistic expressions. realm that cannot be reached.

⒀The most important thing is that no matter how good art is, it must have an ending. Naturally, there is no ending. Understanding this, the artist will inevitably feel the loneliness of "thinking about the long journey of heaven and earth, and crying with sadness". One can draw a moving picture of the Yangtze River, but it will never be as moving as the true scene of the Yangtze River; one can record the singing of cicadas, but it can never replace watching the beautiful cicadas sing their moving songs in the treetops.

⒁That day, I heard the bamboos playing the flute in the wind in the bamboo forest, and I forgot the passage of time. When I walked out of the bamboo forest, the setting sun was already lingering in the valley. The rain has stopped, but it seems that I have gone through a spiritual bath and washed away all the mundane things.

⒂I feel that as long as there is nature, people have no reason to give up on themselves.

(The original text has been changed)

17. Read paragraph ⑴ and please summarize the characteristics of the flute sound in the wind and rain. (3 points)

Answer:

18. What does the “double combination” highlighted in paragraph ⑿ refer to? (2 points)

Answer:

19. The article describes the author's process of listening to bamboo on a rainy day, during which the author's mood fluctuated. Please briefly write down the four processes of the author's psychological changes. (4 points)

Answer:

20. According to the underlined sentence in paragraph 2, use the sentence pattern of "people can..., but always...".

(2 points)

Answer:

21. The article ends by saying, "As long as nature exists, people have no reason to give up on themselves." How do you understand the meaning of this sentence? (3 points)

Answer:

17. (3 points) Clear, high-pitched, and penetrating

18. (2 points) Living pictures and sounds

19. (4 points) ① attracted by the sound of the flute, ② shocked by the sound of the flute, ③ moved by the sound of the flute, ④ regret not recording the sound of the flute.

20. (2 points) Example: ⑴ One can record the sound of the epiphyllum closing its petals, but one can never hear the joy of its blooming life. ⑵ People can draw the heroic posture of the towering pine, but they can never reproduce its perseverance to break through the solid stone

21. (3 points) Nature is beautiful and changes all the time. People should experience nature, understand nature and integrate into nature all the time. Then life will be valuable and meaningful. (As long as the meaning is correct)

I happened to be doing this set of test papers too, so I sent them by the way. I hope LZ will adopt them~