How to do fine maintenance for motorcycles?

The maintenance carried out when driving in special seasons and environments is called special maintenance. Special maintenance of motorcycles mainly includes running-in maintenance, winter maintenance, summer maintenance and storage maintenance.

(1) running-in maintenance

New motorcycles must be maintained in use. Reasonable maintenance plays a key role in maintaining good car condition, reducing motorcycle failures and prolonging service life. Running-in is the key factor to determine performance and must be carried out in strict accordance with regulations. The cylinder surface of the new motorcycle looks bright, but it is still uneven and easy to be damaged. If it bears a large load, it will strain the cylinder surface. The running-in of new cars should be "one full, one strict, three controls and two diligent".

"Full" means fully warming up. The engine should be fully warmed up before starting. First drive in low gear 1 ~ 2 km, and then shift to high gear.

"One strict" means that for two-stroke motorcycles, the mixed oil should be strictly blended. The proportion of two-stroke mixed oil is very important, and there are different oil distribution ratios and requirements in different periods.

"three controls": first, control the speed, and run in strictly according to the speed specified in the manual; The second is to control overload. The load during the running-in period should be controlled below 1/2 of the maximum load. It's best not to carry people, and choose a flat road. The third is to control time. During the running-in period, the engine should be prevented from running for too long, and it should be stopped and rested every 20 ~ 30 minutes.

"Second diligence" means being diligent in cleaning and keeping motorcycles clean at all times; Check the lubricating oil frequently so as to take away the metal chips in the running-in process in time and prevent the cylinder block from being scratched.

See Table 3-2 for motorcycle running-in maintenance skills.

Table 3-2 Maintenance Skills of Motorcycle in Running-in Period

Table 3-2 Maintenance Skills of Motorcycles during Running-in Period (Continued)-1

(2) Winter maintenance

When the temperature drops in winter, the concentration of combustible mixture and the fuel used should be adjusted appropriately. This is because the performance of motorcycle lubricating oil and battery electrolyte deteriorates with the decrease of air temperature at low temperature, and a viscous combustible mixture is needed for motorcycle to start smoothly at low temperature.

Key points of motorcycle maintenance in winter are as follows:

① Switch to suitable winter fuel and lubricating oil.

(2) Try to park the motorcycle indoors to ensure that the temperature of the machine is appropriate and easy to start.

③ For motorcycles with electric starting system, the concentration of battery electrolyte should be increased, and attention should be paid to heat preservation and necessary supplementary charging. When starting with electricity, if it cannot be started at one time, it should be started every 10 ~ 15s, and the starting time should not exceed 5s each time.

(4) When starting, the throttle is not easy to be too large, so as to avoid excessive idle speed and accelerated wear.

⑤ After parking, immediately refuel the fuel tank to drive away the humid air, and regularly release the sediment in the fuel tank.

⑥ Install insulation device to prevent the motorcycle from being too cold.

⑦ Before starting, preheat the engine with hot water and heat the lubricating oil in the oil pan and transmission.

⑧ When driving in winter, the number of car washes should be reduced as much as possible, so as to avoid damage to the skin of the throttle line and brake line, water freezing and potential accidents.

Pet-name ruby winter driving speed should not be too fast, especially on the snowy frozen road. In order to increase the friction between the tire and the road surface, it is suggested to lower the tire pressure slightly, and the vehicle speed must be reduced.

Attending to clean the motorcycle first, dry it or dry it. After cleaning exposed moving parts (such as chains), adjusting bolts and bearings, they should also be coated with engine oil or butter for rust prevention.

Drain the gasoline from the fuel tank and seal it in the container. Otherwise, the "light components" in gasoline will be reduced (volatilized into the atmosphere) due to long-term storage, which will make it difficult or impossible to start the motorcycle. At the same time, the gasoline in the carburetor should be exhausted to prevent impurities in the gasoline from blocking the metering hole and oil circuit of the carburetor.

Remove the battery from the car and wipe it clean. Put the motorcycle in a dry place and replenish it once a month before it stops using. But don't let out the electrolyte in the battery to prevent the electrode plate from being exposed to the air and causing the electrode plate to oxidize.

A certain amount of engine oil should be injected into the exhaust pipe of a four-stroke motorcycle. Remove the exhaust pipe from the car, add a small amount of engine oil from the front end of the exhaust pipe, then install the exhaust pipe, and then start the engine, so that the engine oil is evenly distributed on the inner wall of the exhaust pipe to prevent rust.

Remove the spark plug, fill the cylinder with about 20mL of special engine oil for four-stroke pure motorcycle from the spark plug port, install the spark plug, turn OFF the ignition lock switch (OFF position), and press the starting lever for 5 ~ 6 times to make the engine oil evenly distributed on the cylinder wall. Motorcycles that start without feet can take off the spark plug cap, turn ON the ignition lock switch (ON position), and press the start button for 2 ~ 3s.

The front and rear tires maintain standard air pressure. If the tire pressure is too low, the tire will age prematurely and crack.

Finally, park the motorcycle in a dry and ventilated place, and pay attention to moisture to avoid rust. Motorcycles should not be parked in the open air for a long time, otherwise it will accelerate the appearance aging of motorcycles and lead to premature aging.

(3) Summer maintenance

In midsummer, the temperature rises, the humidity increases, the dust content in the air is more, and the viscosity of lubricating oil decreases, which has different degrees of influence on motorcycles. Taking appropriate measures to maintain motorcycles can ensure that motorcycles are in good running condition.

① Avoid driving at high speed or low speed for a long time, stop and rest after driving for a certain distance, let the engine cool down, and don't pour cold water on the engine to prevent cylinder explosion; Keep the engine clean and ensure good heat dissipation performance.

(2) Properly increase the cleaning times of the air filter to reduce the intake resistance; Clean the carburetor in time to reduce the oil level in the float chamber; Correctly adjust the gas distribution screw to reduce the oil supply and ensure the correct air-fuel ratio. Through the above measures, the fuel consumption is reduced and the engine is prevented from overheating.

③ Check regularly and add or replace engine oil in time to ensure good heat dissipation and lubrication effect.

(4) The high temperature in summer makes the water in the battery evaporate easily. Check the electrolyte level frequently and add distilled water in time to ensure the normal level.

⑤ High temperature is easy to make the brake fluid evaporate to produce gas, forming air resistance, and the brake friction plate is also easy to be ablated, resulting in brake failure. Check and adjust the braking system in time, add or replace brake fluid, eliminate air resistance in the pipeline, and ensure reliable braking performance.

(4) seal maintenance

If motorcycles need to be parked for a long time, measures should be taken to prevent parts from failing or being damaged due to long-term storage. When a motorcycle is reused, it cannot be used. Therefore, maintenance should be carried out before long-term storage.

Different maintenance measures should be taken according to the storage time. See Table 3-3 for details.

Table 3-3 Maintenance Measures of Motorcycles in Different Storage Periods