Comment on Xiang Yu's classical Chinese

1. Evaluation of Xiang Yu's composition on the west bank of Wujiang River, just crossing the river and returning to the east; Director Wujiang docked at the dock, waiting for Wang Xiang to board. He said to Wang Xiang, "Your Majesty, although Jiangdong is small, the place is thousands of miles long, and tens of thousands of people are enough to be king. Please get on the boat and cross the river quickly. Only the minister has a boat here, and the Han army can't chase the river. " Wang Xiang said, "If the sky wants to kill me, what's the use of crossing the river! At the beginning, I led the children of Jiangdong to cross the river and move westward. Now no one in Jiangdong can go back, and I am the only one crossing the river, even if Jiangdong's buddies love me! I still think I am the king. How dare I say goodbye to my elders in Jiangdong! " King Xiang sent the horse to the pavilion, ordered the knight to dismount and walk, and took up short weapons to go into battle. At this time, the Han army had caught up and both sides rushed to kill.

The bravest, he killed hundreds of Han troops and suffered more than ten injuries. In the battle, Wang Xiang looked back and found Lv Matong, a cavalry of the Han Dynasty. Wang Xiang said, "Aren't you my old friend Lv Matong!" Lv Matong was embarrassed to see Wang Xiang, because he was an old acquaintance, so he had to point out that Wang Xiang said to Wang Ming, "This is Wang Xiang."

"I know that Han offered a reward of thousands for my head," he said. Lv Matong, since we are old friends, I will give you this benefit. " Wang Xiang then hanged himself with a sword.

"Heaven" determines the time, place and way for Xiang Yu to end his life. The "heaven" here implies that it is time to end the life stage, which will damage the performance effect sooner or later. Jiangdong, on the other hand, ends the performance and itself, with a long aftertaste, leaving people with permanent surprises and shocks. Xiang Yu's tragic style is unprecedented. In contrast, Lv Matong and others are like passing clouds. Success and failure are short-lived. On the other hand, Xiang Yu won and Liu Bang failed. It is a secular view to be an emperor, and it will take generations to be the winner. People's values determine people.

In value judgment, Xiang Yu's value orientation doesn't care who the last king was or whether the time is long or short. Xiang Yu takes masculinity as the highest value: if he is born, he will run the world and create the world.

Create the ultimate state and make it unprecedented. In fact, there are many Liu Bangshi heroes throughout the ages, but Xiang Yu is unique. His courage, his courage, and his spirit are all over Changhong, and he

Generation after generation, amazing and amazing. Even Li Qingzhao, a poetess in the Southern Song Dynasty, could not help sighing: "Born as a hero, died as a ghost. So far, you miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong. " It can be seen that Xiang Yu's heroism has shocked the ages, far exceeding Liu Bang's grandeur for hundreds of years. Can we say that Xiang Yu's value judgment is wrong? Some people blame Xiang Yu's downfall on his foolhardiness. It's really that the trees can't see the forest. A completed kill, surrender, surrender into the pit, vassal, righteous emperor migration and other articles. It's hard to get it unless he doesn't act recklessly. As for Xiang Yu, he is stingy and nurturing, so that he is rebellious, which is not suitable for Xiang Yu.

This is not a mistake, he did it according to "Heaven". With the prestige of Xiang Yu, if Han Xin, Peng Yue, Ying Bu and Tian Rong want to join the people, it may be just one or two moves; The reason why he doesn't do it is willful, that is, his overlord spirit, which concubine Sang Yu, "The king is exhausted, and my concubine can't be born." In fact, the spirit of overlord has reached its peak when he committed suicide, and it has reached its acme. Of course, killing Yi Song and cross the rubicon is the overlord spirit, but falling down and cracking the soil is the overlord spirit. The relativity between success and failure makes people have different understandings of success or failure itself. Therefore, in terms of performance and process, Wang Xiang has not failed, and Wang Xiang has not died. As an earth-shattering hero, he lives in people's hearts through the ages. As the ultimate realm of overlord spirit, he is also the holder of historical records.

2. To evaluate Xiang Yu, we must say the evaluation criteria. For thousands of years, China people have neglected to judge people from the perspective of "humanity". Even better, judge your virtue by the standard of "sage" and talk about what you have done at home and abroad. What I hate is that "the winner is king and the loser is kou". The winner has a halo on his head, and the loser is nothing. If you are careful, you will find that history books are full of people and things that make people confused!

Let's say Xiang Yu, from the standpoint of success or failure, let the opportunity to kill Liu Bang slip away many times, which is undoubtedly a typical "woman's mercy"! At the hongmen banquet, he became the laughing stock of those who won the country and officialdom.

However, from the real human nature, he is an indomitable spirit, a real hero and a real gentleman! He values "righteousness", and he doesn't kill Liu Bang because he values brotherhood. The most heartless thing he did was to arrest Liu's old father and force Liu to retreat after being surrounded by Liu Bang. However, in front of Liu Bang's rogue "My dad is your dad, if you want to cook, just give me a cup of mutton", he finally had no choice but to stop.

He also values "affection". "Mountain will be angry, and unfavorable will not die. What will you do if you don't die? " This is a sad song of a desperate hero. As a hero, he loves his war horse; As a real person, a man, he loves his beloved beauty. This helpless call is very touching!

-Xiang Yu, a true hero, a true gentleman!

200 1 in the examination room of the college entrance examination, a candidate wrote these paragraphs in his composition:

"... after thousands of years, it seems that I can still hear you exclaim loudly. Zhuizhai rushed, and every cycle of fighting was like a spell, which made the corpses pile up everywhere and become a river of blood. That spear provoked the bodies of many generals in the state of Qin, and for thousands of years, when they sang on the back wall, they were dripping with black blood!

"However, you can't win liu bang, because of you, and integrity!

"Han Xin said liu bang is not good at fighting, make good use of generals. His calculation and giving up honesty are his weapons. This is sharper than your BMW broadsword. However, Liu Bang can't compare with you. Liu bang is the monarch, and you are the hero! ..... In Wujiang, you completed the nirvana of a man who did not abandon his ethics. " How well written!

3. Quick "Death of Xiang Yu" lesson plan 1. Teaching objective: \x0d 1. Cultivate the ability of self-study in classical Chinese: sort out knowledge points and confirm key words; Solve difficult problems with notes and reference books; Learn to communicate and learn, improve learning efficiency and make progress together. (Category I) \x0d2. Grasp the content of the article, contact the old article, and master the method of evaluating the image of historical figures. \x0d2。 Key points and difficulties: \x0d 1. Clear the meaning of the text, determine the key words and sentences, understand and remember. \ x0D2。 X0d II。 Taste the language and analyze the characters \x0d. The unit tips in Unit 4 tell us that this article is about creating characters. Please study the text carefully, taste the special images in those languages, and write down the images you taste. \x0d (This plot is mainly for students to do, and analyze the image of historical figures from the plot of the article or the language of the characters) \x0d Example: For example, the main plot of the first paragraph: besieged on all sides-

4. Need a commentary on Xiang Yu. Many people have commented on Xiang Yu since ancient times.

The following are the quotations appreciated by the landlord: 1. Sima Qian's evaluation of Xiang Yu: Chen She was the first to bear the brunt of his father's loss of government, and a hundred schools of thought contended. However, feathers have no size. In three years, five kings were destroyed, the world was divided and princes were sealed. The government was feathered and named "overlord". Although it didn't end, it hasn't appeared since recently.

It is difficult for northern Henan to care about Chu, exile the righteous emperor and stand on his own feet, and blame the princes for rebellion. Self-conceit, striving for personal wisdom without forgetting the past, is called the overlord's thing, and wants to govern the world by force. Five years later, he died in Dongcheng. He didn't feel guilty but didn't blame himself.

It is a fallacy to quote "Killing me by heaven is not a crime of war"! Selected from historical records? Biography of Xiang Yu II. Liu Bang's plan to evaluate Xiang Yu is better than thousands of miles away. I am not as good as the ovary (that is, Sean). I'm not as good as Xiao He, because I can help the country and the people, and I get paid.

Even if it is a million-strong army, we must win the battle and attack it. I am not as good as Han Xin. These three are outstanding people, and I can use them, so I win the world.

Xiang Yu had a Fan Zeng, so he escaped for me. Selected from historical records? Biography of Emperor Gaozu III. Du Mu, Wang Anshi and Li Qingzhao's comments on Xiang Mu's Wujiang Pavilion: The military strategists won or lost unexpectedly.

There are many talented children in Jiangdong. Whether they will make a comeback is still unknown. Wang Anshi's Wujiang Pavilion: The brave have been through many battles, and the defeat of the Central Plains is hard to recover.

Although the children of Jiangdong are here today, they are willing to make a comeback with the king. Li Qingzhao's Ode to Xiang Yu: Life is a hero, and death is a ghost.

Today, people still miss Xiang Yu because he refused to live and returned to the East. 4.*** Views on Xiang Yu's Nanjing Occupied by the People's Liberation Army 1949.4, despite the ups and downs, millions of heroes crossed the river.

Tiger's dragon card is better than in the past, upside down and generous. It is advisable to chase after the poor bandits with the remaining courage, not to learn from the overlord.

If the sky is sentimental, it will grow old, and the right way in the world is vicissitudes. Xiang Yu is a legendary hero in the history of China, and many stories related to him gradually evolved into idioms.

It is unprecedented that so many idiom stories happen to one person. But in 2 10 BC, Qin Shihuang marched through Huiji (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), and Xiang Yu also went to watch it with everyone.

Xiang Yu, who was on the sidelines, couldn't help but blurt out, "He can replace him." This sentence alone shows Xiang Yu's ambition and heroism.

After the pre-emptive Chen Sheng uprising, Yin Tong, the magistrate of Huiji, also wanted to take the opportunity to fight against Qin. When he summoned Xiang Yu in September 209 BC, he said, "Now is a good time to destroy Qin. It is said that the first attack is the first, and the second attack is the second. I want to start with you as soon as possible. "

Is Xiang Yu, who comes from a famous family, willing to entrust himself to others? According to the plan, Xiang Yu killed Yin Tong, who claimed to be a "preemptive strike", incorporated his men and publicly raised the banner of the uprising. Burn one's bridges In 208 BC, Zhang Han, commander-in-chief of the Qin Dynasty, commanded Qin Jun's main force to surround the giant deer, and Xiang Yu led his troops to rescue it.

In order to show his determination to die, Xiang Yu led his troops across the river. "The boat is sinking, the pot is broken, the house is burning, and three diets show that the foot soldiers will die, and no one will return." Xiang Yu led the army to break the route for providing foodstuff for Qin Jun and fought fiercely with Qin Jun for nine games. "Chu soldiers are all equal to one." .

Qin lost his troops, and Xiang Yu chased them, forcing Zhang Han to surrender his remnants. Xiang Zhuang's sword dance was to entertain Liu Bang in Hong Men (now near Lintong, Shaanxi) after Pei Gong was overthrown in the Qin Dynasty.

At the banquet, Fan Zeng, the counselor of Xiang Yu, motioned for Xiang Yu to kill Liu Bang several times, but Xiang Yu ignored it because he could not bear it. So Fan Zeng asked Xiang Zhuang to kill Liu Bang in the name of sword dancing.

Seeing that the situation was urgent, Sean, Liu Bang's counselor, went out to the court and called Fan Kuai, saying, "Today, Xiangzhuang dances swords and often wants to pay tribute to the public." So Fan Kuai walked into the banquet hall with a sword and shield, accusing Xiang Yu of breaking his word. Xiang Yu was impressed by Fan Kuai's momentum, and Liu Bang took the opportunity to escape.

After washing monkeys to destroy Qin, Xiang Yu led his army into Xianyang and burned it wantonly. The fire in Xianyang lasted for three days. The adviser advised Xiang Yu: "Guanzhong is surrounded by mountains and waters, and the land is rich and beautiful, which can be used as the capital of the overlord."

Xiang Yu refused on the pretext that "wealth does not return to his hometown, just like walking in the brocade at night, and no one knows it." The person who advised him sighed: "People say that the Chu people take bathing monkeys as their crown, and it really happens."

Hearing this, Xiang Yu killed the person who said this. Surrounded by enemies, he lost the support of his advisers and the people because of his domineering and cruel temperament. Xiang Yu was finally defeated in the "Chu-Han dispute" and was surrounded by Liu Bang's army in Gaixia (now south of Lingbi, Anhui).

At night, the military camp was besieged on all sides, and Xiang Yu was frightened. Seeing that the tide was gone, he led deus ex and fled to the Wujiang River. Because he consciously "has no face to see his elders in Jiangdong", Xiang Yu did not commit suicide by crossing the boat. In addition, some idioms, such as "restless", "no offense in autumn", "informal" and "secretly crossing the warehouse", are all related to Xiang Yu to some extent, so I won't repeat them here.