What's the difference between an annular eclipse and a total solar eclipse?

Eclipses can be divided into three types: partial eclipse, total eclipse and annular eclipse. The type of solar eclipse is related to the structure of the lunar shadow and the position of the earth in the lunar shadow during the solar eclipse. During the total solar eclipse, the moon runs between the sun and the earth, and the sun is completely covered by the moon. When the annular eclipse occurred, the sun was not completely covered, only the central part was dark and the edge was still bright, forming a halo.

Eclipse is a special phenomenon that the moon blocks the light from the sun and the shadow behind it falls on the earth. There are three kinds of partial solar eclipse, total solar eclipse and annular solar eclipse. Let's talk about the difference between an annular eclipse and a total solar eclipse.

0 1 solar eclipse can be divided into three types: partial eclipse, total eclipse and annular eclipse. The type of solar eclipse is related to the structure of the lunar shadow and the position of the earth in the lunar shadow during the solar eclipse. During the total solar eclipse, the moon runs between the sun and the earth, and the sun is completely covered by the moon. When the annular eclipse occurred, the sun was not completely covered, only the central part was dark and the edge was still bright, forming a halo.

The shadow of the moon has three areas: the cone-shaped dark area directly extended by the moon is the umbra of the moon, where no sunlight can reach; The cone-shaped dark area extended by the umbra is called pseudo-umbra, which can only be reached by light around the sun; The diagonal area around the umbra and pseudoumbra is penumbra, and some solar rays can reach it. If only the penumbra of the moon falls to the ground during the solar eclipse, the residents in this area will only see a part of sun gear missing, and will have a partial eclipse. The umbra of the moon falls to the ground, and residents in the umbra area can see that a total solar eclipse has occurred. Only the pseudoumbra of the moon reaches the earth, and only the central part of sun gear is dark, and the sun becomes a bright ring, which is an annular eclipse. Total solar eclipse and annular solar eclipse are also called central eclipse.

With the revolution of the moon and the rotation of the earth, the shadow of the moon will sweep a large area on the ground. Among them, the area swept by umbra or pseudoumbra is very narrow, its width is usually only tens to hundreds of kilometers, but its length can reach thousands to tens of thousands of kilometers, which are called total solar eclipse zone and annular eclipse zone respectively. Residents in this area will see a total solar eclipse or an annular solar eclipse. In the areas on both sides of the total lunar eclipse belt or the annular eclipse belt, only the penumbra of the moon sweeps, and only the partial solar eclipse can be seen. Because the moon moves from west to east and the shadow of the moon moves from west to east, solar eclipses are always seen in the west before the east. Another result is that sun gear always eats from the west edge, then expands eastward and ends at the east edge. ? The situation of eclipse is relatively simple. Because the length of the earth's shadow exceeds the distance between the moon and the earth, and the diameter of the shadow is much larger than the size of the moon, there will be no artifact of the moon entering the earth, so there will be no eclipse. When only a part of the moon enters the umbra of the earth, it is a partial lunar eclipse; When the moon enters the umbra of the earth as a whole, a total lunar eclipse occurs. If the moon only enters the penumbra of the earth, it is called a penumbral eclipse in astronomy. At this time, the moon wheel is still bright, and the brightness is reduced very little, which is imperceptible to the naked eye. In fact, even the partial eclipse and the total eclipse in the umbra of the earth, the eclipse part or the whole moon is not completely dark, but a dark bronze color. This is because the earth's atmosphere scatters the short-wavelength blue light and purple light in the sun to other directions, while the remaining long-wavelength red light and yellow light refracts to the moon, making it bronze.

Of all the eclipses, total solar eclipse has the most scientific research and ornamental value, followed by annular solar eclipse. During the total solar eclipse, people can clearly see the magnificent corona and sometimes part of chromosphere. However, when there is only one bright arc left in sun gear after the start and before the end of the total solar eclipse, several bright spots like pearls often appear on the bright arc, which is the result of sunlight pouring out through some craters on the edge of the moon. British astronomer Bailey first explained this phenomenon, so it is also called Bailey bead. Larger bright spots are radiant, more like diamonds, embedded in bright arcs, and are often called diamond rings. It is not obvious that the sky darkens during the annular eclipse, but it is also strange to hang a gold ring in the sky, which also attracts many people to watch.