Lonely lamp shadow swallow house

I lived in Xuzhou for a long time, but I didn't know there was a swallow house. The first time I saw Swallow House was because of a couplet:

The painting has been sold for a long time. When will the Swallow return it?

Only the blue shirts of celebrities and the loess of beautiful women are empty.

The new structure of Qionglou adds color to the beautiful Emei;

Once again, I saw the romantic scenery of Xiangshan, Yuedan and Slope.

This is a couplet inscribed by Hu's best friend. Judging from the contents of the couplets, it should be inscribed after the renovation or maintenance of the Yanzi Building at that time. In a few words, it shows the past life, history and cultural origin of the Yanzi Building.

Just as other famous classical buildings bear too much cultural accumulation, the Yanzilou has also formed its own cultural context and accumulated its own cultural connotation in the historical changes of 1200 years. Of course, there are also cultural lives related to them, and it is they who have carved cultural marks on these buildings, making them a cultural image and symbol. When history comes to an end and later generations judge and recall, it may be unclear whether this building was handed down by people or borrowed by people.

There is quite a story about the origin of the Yanzilou: During Zhenyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, Rizo, a senior minister, served as our military envoy to Wuning, guarding Xuzhou. There are many geisha in Rizo's family, and one of them is beautiful, good at singing and dancing, and is loved by Rizo as Pan Pan. Later, Bai Juyi, then secretary of the provincial school, went to Xu and Si from Chang 'an. Rizo has always admired Bai Juyi's poetic talent, so he hosted a banquet in his palace to entertain Bai Juyi. When the wine reached its height, Pan Pan was called out to accompany him. Pan Pan performed his famous dance music "Dress in a Dress and Feather", and his skills were almost superb. Both the host and the guests were impressed by his superb dancing skills. Therefore, Bai Juyi offered a poem saying, "Drunk and charming can't win, and the wind blows peony flowers." The party ended in a happy way and we never met again. Although Bai Juyi and Pan Pan only met once, they left a deep impression on Bai Juyi. As a result, Bai Juyi later wrote a poem about the Swallow House, recalling the past at that time, and still feeling a lot. A few years later, I learned from my friend's mouth: "Shangshu died and was buried in Dongluo, while Pengcheng (now Xuzhou) has a former residence, and the first one has a small building named Swallow. I hope to miss my old love and not get married. I have lived in the building for more than ten years, and I am still alone. "

After telling this story, some people may find that the whole story only involves the Swallow House in passing. If you don't pay attention, you may not even know it exists. However, this cannot be ignored. Just think about it a little and you will know the meaning. Is Zhang's old house the only swallow house? Why did Pan Pan live in Yanzi House for more than ten years? It is not difficult to see the position of Swallow House in Pan Pan's heart, and then we can know that Swallow House should bear too many beautiful stories that happened with Pan Pan before his death. What you see and the people you think of may be able to pin your sadness a little. Pan Pan is a geisha with both talent and beauty. It is not difficult to find another servant. However, I hope to miss my old love and not get married. I have lived in Yanzilou for more than ten years, which shows my loyalty to love. Swallow House carries this loyal love story, and it will never be separated from it again.

Bai Juyi has never seen Pan Pan since Rizo's Farewell. A few years later, a wonderful experience will become an eternal memory and will not be picked up. One day, my good friend Zhang came to visit him and showed him his latest poem. I was surprised to find three poems "Swallow House". After careful inquiry, my friend told him about the long-awaited festival after Zhang Shangshu's death. Reading this poem, Bai Juyi was lost in thought. His eyes may see the beautiful and moving dance when he danced "colorful feathers" at that banquet, and the lonely figure sitting alone in a small building now. He never imagined that what happened later would have such a big turning point, but Pan Pan, who once seemed weak and frivolous, was such a firm and loyal woman. Just as he was lost in thought, his friend suddenly interrupted him, and then he took back his thoughts and calmed down and praised the poem for being well written. Then, after a little thinking, I began to write a poem.

The residual lamp upstairs is accompanied by dawn cream, and the person who sleeps alone starts from the lovesick bed.

How many lovesickness one-night stands are there? The ends of the earth are not long.

North Mang pines and cypresses lock cigarettes, while Swallow House meditates.

This tea has been sold for ten years since the sword was buried.

Hongyan returned to Luoyang and saw the mysterious bird forcing the club to come.

Yao Se Xiao Yu didn't mean to be upset. She was willing to follow the cobwebs and ashes.

? -Zhang

The bed was full of bright moon frost and was left on the bed by cold light.

Qiu Lai is only one person long in the swallow house where the moon is frosty.

I feel dizzy, my shirt is like smoke, and I want to die several times.

I have been piled up in an empty box for eleven years since I stopped dancing the dress song.

A guest returned to Luoyang this spring and went to the tomb of Shangshu.

Seeing that poplar is worthy of being a pillar, try to teach red powder not to be ash?

-Bai Juyi

I often wonder whether some coincidental factors have been incorporated into the spread of the story of Yanzilou. Imagine if Bai Juyi had met Pan Pan without his trip to Pengcheng that year. Even when reading the poem The Swallow House, he might praise the poem at most, but he might not write it. As he said in the preface of the poem, "I love painting new poems, and I feel the old tour of Pengcheng, so I made three quatrains on the same topic." Without Bai Juyi's peace poems, the story of Yanzilou and Pan Pan might not be sung by later generations, and Bai Juyi played a vital role in it. Or if this friend Zhang didn't show Bai Juyi his new poem, Bai Juyi might have forgotten the experience of that year and didn't know what his future hopes were. How could he write the poem Yanzilou? It is these coincidences that happened together, and the story of Yanzilou finally spread to the afterlife, so it was given the mark of loyal love.

When people are still reading the poem Swallow House and telling the story of hope, the times have quietly changed. The scene of the prosperous new century has long been the words described in books and the stories told by the elders when the old man was a child. Datang has entered the countdown to the end, and troubled times are coming.

In ancient China, the replacement of each dynasty, in addition to people, there are buildings left by the previous dynasty. It is difficult to determine whether it is a palace or an ordinary pavilion.

Yanzilou has not been spared.

Shi Zai, in the second year of Tang Jingfu (893), in April, Zhu Wen general Pang Shigu attacked Xuzhou City. Fu Ju's family boarded the swallow house and set themselves on fire. The swallow house was set on fire.

Although the Yanzi Building was destroyed, her cultural life continued. Her cultural life was doomed to be immortal from the moment she was created. She will not die because of the destruction of architectural entities, and her life has always been attached to the inheritance of writing and culture. The existence of architectural entities is to continuously enrich the thickness of her cultural life, and also to provide concrete support for the memory of future generations.

The spread of many cultural relics in China has benefited from the help of poems of literary names, which has become a cultural tradition. They ran into these cultural sites by wandering or relegating officials to distant places, and pinned their happiness and pain on them, leaving some sighs of nostalgia for the past and hurting the present. They may not know that these cultural relics have been linked with their cultural life.

Speaking of which, I suddenly thought of two names-Su Shi and Wen Tianxiang.

Su Shi is a special existence in the cultural history of China. He is a generalist who combines poetry, writing, painting and calligraphy. Anything related to him will be passed down as a much-told story by later generations, and the Yanzilou was lucky enough to have an indissoluble bond with Su Shi, and since then, the two have had each other's figures in their cultural life.

Things have to start from the period when Su Shi was in charge of Xuzhou.

In March of the tenth year of Song Xining, Su Shi was transferred to Xuzhou. Less than three months after he took office, he encountered a very difficult thing. The Yellow River levee in Caocun, the upper reaches of Zhou Zhou, burst, and the flood rushed downstream to Xuzhou. In this case, Su Shi showed the responsibility and responsibility that a local official should have. He led the people of the whole city to help each other in the same boat, build dikes for emergency rescue, and always rushed to the front line of flood control. It is understandable to hear that the rich people in the city have asked for refuge out of the city, but Su Shi knows very well that people are in panic at the moment. If someone goes out of the city and people are in chaos, Xuzhou will lose. Standing on the head of the city, he clarified their interests and coaxed each other, finally stabilizing the people's hearts and avoiding man-made disasters. Then Su Shi led the city's officials and people to persist for more than 70 days, and finally defeated the flood and saved the city.

Although the flood receded, it was hard to guarantee that it would never come again, so Su Shi set out to build a flood control levee again. At the same time when the levee was completed, a ten-foot-high pavilion was built above the east gate of the city, named "Yellow House". The naming of Taohuawu is closely related to the traditional theory of five elements. Because the water is controlled by soil and the soil is yellow, it is named Huangzhai. This is not only the moral of the flood in the small town, but also the commemoration of a city official and citizen, Qi Xin, who worked together to fight floods and protect the city.

In this year's Double Ninth Festival, a grand ceremony was held in Taohuawu. That morning, the morning was foggy, the autumn frost was first killed and there was a chill in the air. Despite this, people's interest has not been affected at all, and people have come to watch the celebration. Wu Ge danced in Chu, full of laughter and excitement. Su Shi and the guests boarded the Taohuawu. When they came to the front of the building, they stopped and looked far away, only to see the vast expanse of whiteness in front of them, but they could not see the distant scenery. Even the ancient temple that stands on the South Mountain is gone, and only the sound of the boats rowing at the gate can be heard. At this time, the old people were afraid of the cold, so Su Shi told everyone to sit and drink to drive away the cold. After drinking a cup of hot wine, the chill gradually dissipated. Everyone toasted each other, smiling, but mixed feelings in their hearts. Although today's banquet is not rich, it is very lucky to be able to sit here and drink and chat leisurely. The situation of Chongyang last year is still vivid, and I still have a lingering fear in retrospect. ?

Last year, it was impossible to say that Chongyang in Cheng Nan was at midnight.

Water thundered at the gates, and mud rained everywhere at the gates.

No one asked about Huanghua wine, and returned at dusk to wash boots and socks.

I don't know if there will be another year, just take a sip of my face.

? -Nine Days in the Yellow House

September 9 last year was the most difficult time to fight floods. At that critical moment, everyone's life is at stake. A person's long life is suddenly shrunk to the front, setting a hurdle for everyone. I don't know if I can cross it. Who would have thought that there would be this scene today? At this time, Su Shi stood up and raised his glass to propose a toast to everyone, and everything was in the wine.

After the flood receded, there was another drought in Xuzhou. "There is no snow in winter and no rain in spring, and the smoke and dust are flourishing, and the vegetation is anxious". As a state official, how can you not try your best to solve problems for the people? It is said that there is a stone pool twenty miles east of the city, which corresponds to the increase or decrease of turbidity in Surabaya. Putting the tiger's head in the middle of Tan Can will cause a thunderstorm, so I went to ask for rain myself. Perhaps it was a godsend, and then it really rained one after another, and the drought was alleviated.

In his spare time, he often invites friends to visit and watch and write poems. You can't come to Xuzhou without seeing the Yanzi Building. Since the Tang Dynasty, the story of Yanzilou has been widely circulated, and poems about Yanzilou can also be included in the collection of poems. He came to the swallow downstairs many times, stopped to stare and meditated for a long time, but failed to go upstairs and have a look. Until a full moon night, he finally decided to climb the swallow house. It was noon, and everything around him was quiet. He crept up so as not to disturb the people upstairs. After going upstairs, he looked around carefully again. Looking around, he found no one. He suddenly seemed to understand something, and his clear voice smiled. Yes, the story of Pan Pan was more than 200 years ago, and that building was not the Swallow House. How can we find the mark of Pan Pan here? At that time, Pan Pan was lonely and depressed, perhaps only she could understand. After the history of Cang Sang, what can future generations expect from them except a sigh? Thought of this, his thoughts began to clear up:

The bright moon is like frost, the wind is like water, and the scenery is infinite. Jumping fish in a curved harbor, lotus dew in a round place, but not alone. Like three drums, like a leaf, dark dreams are broken. The night is boundless, and I can't find a place. I feel that I have traveled all over the small garden.

Tired of tourists from the ends of the earth, I returned to my home in the mountains and looked at my hometown. The swallow house is empty, where there is beauty, the swallow in the empty lock house. Ancient and modern dreams, but there are old joys and new grievances. At different times, the night view of the Huang family is a sigh of Yu Hao.

-"ode to fishing music"

That night, he thought a lot and reviewed his experience in the past two years. I led the people of the whole city to fight floods, build long dikes and yellow buildings to resist spring drought. I tried my best and should be worthy of the court and the people.

This experience in Xuzhou triggered Su Shi's profound thinking about life and history. During this period, it took a lot of effort. The hardships and dangers encountered, the choice between life and death, and the bitterness among them can only be understood by people at that time. Times have changed, and today's suffering has long been an old story recalled by future generations. They may express their nostalgia, but they will never understand people's inner feelings at that time. Just like people now can't feel the heart they expected. Fortunately, I left some things that can make future generations remember me. If future generations can miss themselves and feel sorry for themselves as they climbed into the swallow house, that is the greatest comfort to themselves.

The encounter between Su Shi and Yanzilou was mutual luck. Su Shi began to think more about life and history, and the Yanzilou was endowed with the connotation of the ancient and modern world.

After Su Shi, let's talk about Wen Tianxiang.

Su Shi later experienced the change of Jingkang, and the Yanzi Building was destroyed by war. When Wen Tianxiang came again, it was already 200 years later. At this time, the Song Dynasty has reached a critical moment of life and death. Regrettably, the Yanzilou did not witness all this. Because, at this time, the swallow house is still in ruins.

However, today's broken mountains and rivers are not much better than this ruin. Years of war have caused endless suffering. In the face of powerful forces, culture and civilization seem so weak and helpless. However, it is the weak scholars in the eyes of Mongolian soldiers who persist in their obsession and stubbornly resist. You can beat me, but you can never make me give in. Finally, Lu Xiufu, the left prime minister, threw himself into the sea with the young emperor, and Zhang Shijie, the commander-in-chief of Song Jun, was defeated and died. Together with Wen Tianxiang, they were called "the three outstanding men in the late Song Dynasty".

Wen Tianxiang was captured in Wulingpo, Guangdong. After being sent to Chaoyang Yuan Army Camp, Zhang Hongfan, commander-in-chief of Yuan Army, asked him to write to Zhang Shijie. Wen Tianxiang didn't obey at first, but he was forced to do so, so he wrote the poem "Crossing Ding Yang" to make his mind clear.

Once the effort comes, there will be fewer stars around.

The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is floating, and life experiences are ups and downs.

The beach of fear says fear, and there is a sigh in the ocean.

Who hasn't died since ancient times? Take the heart of Dan and follow history.

After experiencing the unwillingness and regret after being captured, he gradually calmed down. The building is about to collapse, and there is really nothing he can do. Now, besides setting an example by death, what can he do for the court? He knows that the tide is irreversible.

After calming down, he began to recall his past. I thought I had answered the question correctly in Ying Ji Hall, and I was full of praise, which won the appreciation of the emperor and won the first prize in one fell swoop. How high-spirited At that time, he was only twenty. From then on, I really embarked on the road of official career, and began to practice my ideal of governing the country and leveling the world, and I will never regret it. However, the reality is so cruel, and the road to official career is never smooth sailing, but full of thorns. Cheating and competing with each other is the reality of official career. How many hardships have you experienced before you get close to your ideal. What saddens me even more is that the imperial court was still in power when foreign invasion and the country was in danger. My suggestions and advice are often excluded. It has been ten years since he sent troops to attack Yuan. The hard work is not worth mentioning. Unfortunately, the situation is getting worse and worse, the great cause has not been completed, and we are in jail. Don't be sad! It hurts!

After Wen Tianxiang was captured, he just wanted to die quickly. But Zhang Hongfan treated him with courtesy and was moved by his loyalty. After writing to Yuan Ting, the court ordered Wen Tianxiang to be taken to Dadu. 1April 279, Wen Tianxiang started his long trip to the northern capital.

The convoy crosses Xuzhou in the north, and there is a swallow house in the east of Xuzhou. Wen Tianxiang will know the story of the swallow house. Therefore, he decided to explore. For hundreds of years, the swallow house has gone through ups and downs, and things have changed. Now only ruins are left. Seeing the scene in front of me, I can't help feeling deeply.

Since you don't want Zhang Gongzi, ChanJuan shouldn't go downstairs.

So I ordered the face upstairs, called centenarian romantic.

I swam to Pengchengmen to hang the king of Chu.

Ask where the building is, the grass in the east of the city is like snow.

Moths have put on fire for generations, and the theory of contentment is buried.

Because the Zhang family has a concubine, the name and the mountains and rivers have it.

Since ancient times, there have been deaths, and loyalty is endless.

But it spreads beauty, not beauty.

The weak and loyal woman in the building has already turned into a pile of loess. No one knows that beauty is passed down from generation to generation, but Pan Pan's name will eventually coexist with mountains and rivers because of her loyalty. Moreover, I have been pursuing loyalty since I was a child, especially after I was captured. I have the belief that I will be loyal to my country. Now as a prisoner, I can't control myself, but no one can stop me from carrying out my determination to die for my country.

We all know the ending of Wen Tianxiang. He kept his promise and accepted death calmly and resolutely. His calmness and determination made the enemy admire him.

After Wen Tianxiang, the cultural heritage of Yanzilou has added a kind of loyalty, loyalty to home country.

During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Yanzi Building was destroyed many times. A small wooden building has a history of hundreds of years, even if it can withstand a hundred years of wind and rain. I'm afraid there is no way to "confront" history except "rebirth" again and again. But between the rise and fall of architecture, the position and form are changing, but the culture and spirit are unchanged.

Swallow House has finally stumbled into modern times, but its bumpy fate has not been improved. According to records, in a short period of 100 years, the Swallow House was destroyed several times, which can be described as an eventful autumn.

In the 9th year of Guangxu reign (1883), Zhao Guang, the magistrate of Xuzhou, rebuilt the Yanzi Pagoda on the southwest wall. Judging from the existing photos, it looks like a pavilion. The upper and lower floors are hexagonal, simple and elegant. Guangxu 15th year (1889), Zhejiang Construction, Xuzhou Road, moved to the northwest corner of the city. 19 14 Rebuild the Yanzi Building, 1928 Demolish the wall and abandon the building. 1932, rebuild the swallow house, located in the southwest corner of the city. "The building is on the second floor, with five buildings, seven households and sixteen rooms. There is a porch ring in front of it, and five stone carvings such as Bai Juyi's poem Swallow House are embedded in the wall. " It can be seen that the rebuilt swallow house has a considerable shape. The couplet written by Hu at that time also confirmed this point. However, the good times did not last long. During the Anti-Japanese War, he was demolished into a bungalow and curled up in the corner of the yard. There are several fallen trees in the yard, and the carved stones are half buried in the ground, which is a scene of depression. Swallow house is lost again.

A small building can withstand several historical storms. However, there is nothing in history. History is merciless. It never learns to cherish beauty as jade, nor does it learn to appreciate celebrity romance. It looks on coldly and does only what it should do, and nothing else matters. Because of this, history is fair. It will record every pain suffered by things, and it will never be stingy with the historical accumulation it has given.

After all, the Swallow House has not been buried in the dust of history. After more than forty years of silence, she once again showed her beautiful face to the world and told her touching past life stories.

1985, Xuzhou Municipal People's Government rebuilt the Yanzi Building on Zhichun Island in Yunlong Park. The building is two stories high, with upturned cornices, light and smart, simple and elegant, and unique. The west and south sides of the building face the water and are surrounded by green trees. The poem "Shi Tong still lives by the water" written by Chen Jian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, describes the scenery of the Yanzi Building. Looking at the Swallow House on the other side of the lake, it seems that Pan Pan is upstairs, with a solitary lamp and a beautiful image, quietly counting the spring and autumn. There is a pavilion behind the building, with double eaves and four corners, and there is a statue of hope in the pavilion. Stand slim and plump, but you can still see a trace of sadness on your face.

When I was in Xuzhou, I went to explore the Yanzilou several times. It's a pity that the door is locked and you can't go upstairs to see it. I had to walk around the building, look at the pavilion and feel the unique charm of this pavilion shining in the cultural heritage of thousands of years of writing.

The Millennium is fleeting, the swallow house has been destroyed many times, and the base site has also undergone changes. In the process of being destroyed, the Yanzi Building constantly reshapes its own cultural image and accumulates cultural connotations. Therefore, in the process of pursuit, future generations pay attention not only to the simplicity of the architectural entity itself, but also to the beating cultural pulse.