Folk song appreciation

Appreciation of lyrics of folk songs in northern Shaanxi

In northern Shaanxi, people's feelings of joy, anger, sadness and joy can be expressed in the form of folk songs. Whether you are standing on the top of the mountain, walking on the winding mountain road or marching on the road of Ma Pingchuan, you can hear melodious songs floating in the wind everywhere. This is a folk song in northern Shaanxi. "Women cry sadly and men sing sadly." In fact, men, women and children in northern Shaanxi like folk songs. On the Loess Plateau, there are both the deep and graceful songs of the aunts and grandfathers, and the high-pitched songs of "Stop the sheep from returning to the cows" echoed by the younger generations. Northern Shaanxi is a world of folk songs and a sea of folk songs.

There are many kinds of folk songs in northern Shaanxi, including Four Seasons Songs, Wugeng Tune, Langong Tune, Jiuge, Yangko, Labor Song, Dance Music, Yulin Xiaoqu, Shaanxi Suite, Errentai, Folk Songs, Religious Songs, Home Exploration Tune, etc. , mainly in minor and belief in heaven.

Secondary, mainly narrative, generally there are scenes, characters, storylines and details. For example, harming a doll, Sister Yu, seeing off a lover, four guarantees and working in Liulin are all long narrative folk songs.

Xintianyou (called "Shuntian Tour" in the border area of Inner Mongolia and "Qu Shan" in Shenmu Fugu) is a folk song circulating in northern Shaanxi. It is the product of improvisation and can be sung freely according to different situations. If the villagers are working in the fields, herding sheep in the mountains, chopping wood in the Woods and driving donkeys to pull coal, they will sing loudly. Its language is simple, its rhythm is obvious, its rhyme is changeable, and it is generally a two-sentence structure, with the upper and lower sentences rhyming and the other sentences not rhyming. Based on seven sentences or cross-sentences, the first sentence focuses on comparison or scenery writing, and the second sentence focuses on care, combining reality with reality. The melody is melodious and unrestrained, with distinct rhythm, harmonious rhyme and strong lyrical color. It fully embodies the uninhibited character of northern Shaanxi people. It has two sentences and one paragraph, which can be divided and combined, or it can be composed into a song independently, similar to "Sanqu".

Folk songs in northern Shaanxi reflect rich social life. Most of the popular folk songs in northern Shaanxi were produced from the end of 19 to the 1940s, which not only reflected social changes, but also "long-term workers' songs", and reflected the struggle of the people in northern Shaanxi against the oppression and exploitation of the feudal unified class, especially the revolutionary historical folk songs, which were a group of precious revolutionary historical materials. For example, the famous "When the Red Army's Brother Comes Back" and "Flowers Bloom in Shandandan" are all very valuable. But among more than 8,000 folk songs in northern Shaanxi, such works are few after all. Most of the works reflect ordinary people and ordinary things. For example, kannika nimtragol is homesick, older girls are looking forward to getting married, younger girls are divining, drummers are greeting relatives, people who are away from home miss their hometown, young people love each other, and couples quarrel for fun. Also, masons decorate the monotonous sound of stone hammers with songs; Farmers use songs to drive away loneliness and sadness; People who drive away the spirit of sacrifice spread melodious songs all over the rugged narrow path; The sentimental kannika nimtragol poured out her sadness with a song. These are basically expressions of feelings. In addition, people in northern Shaanxi also use folk songs to serve their daily lives: vendors use songs to peddle, farmers use songs to pray for rain, festivals to celebrate and entertain, men and women hold ceremonies with songs when they get married, they use songs to guess fists when drinking, they use songs to tell historical stories, they use songs to socialize, they use songs to tell important historical events, and young men and women use songs to talk about love and tell new things about couples. Even if the scandal is thousands of miles away, it is spread by singing; Strange people and strange things, praise them.

Among the 8000 folk songs in northern Shaanxi, 80% of all folk songs reflect love life and marriage problems or are related to this content. Known as the masterpiece of working people, Xintianyou embodies almost all these contents. Therefore, it is also called "the ocean of love".

The folk songs that people in northern Shaanxi usually like to sing are love songs. In the old society, young men and women could not love and marry independently, so they had to use songs to express their dissatisfaction with feudal marriage and their pursuit of love. Due to natural conditions and other reasons, in the past, the economy in northern Shaanxi was backward and farmers lived a hard life. The man sent gangs to other provinces to grab jobs for others, that is, before the husband left, his wife tried to persuade him in many ways, and his expression was beautiful, affectionate and lyrical. As we all know, "going west":

Go, you take the road,

Don't take the path.

There are many people on the road.

Living is to alleviate sadness.

Stay in a hotel, stay in a big shop,

Don't live in a small shop.

There are many thieves and beggars in the shop.

Worried about stealing you.

Sleep, you sleep in the middle,

Don't sleep on both sides

Worried about the wall digger,

Got you.

Drink water, you drink running water,

Do not drink spring water.

Snakes wag their tails in spring,

Worried about drinking you bad.

When you eat cigarettes, you light your own fire,

Don't fight with others.

In the forest, the green forest is ringing,

Worried about sweating.

……

People who "go to the west" have gone for several years and never come back. When the wife thinks of her husband, they either spin the spinning wheel, shake and sing, or stand in front of the door and sing softly to express their attachment to their distant relatives:

Peas bloom a little red,

I miss my brother with needle and thread.

I miss my brother, but I can't see him.

Rock sugar is like bitter coptis in your mouth.

Without water, rivers can't raise fish,

Sister can't live without brother you.

A pair of larks are flying in the sky,

I hope to see you in the future.

……

Folk songs in northern Shaanxi, which reflect local marriage customs, have different characteristics in different historical periods. Three songs, such as "Orchid Flower" and "Big Woman asks Han and I will find a good husband's family for you", all describe the way of marriage, but the way of marriage varies from time to time. "Lanhuahua" is an ancient traditional way of marriage. When buying and selling marriage, the new wife has to take a sedan chair when entering the door, and "three teams blow two teams to fight". In the era of "big girls want Han", anti-feudal thoughts and emotions have formed a trend. "Big women" dare to say and do, dare to ask their parents to get married, and the wedding is simplified. Ride a horse instead of a sedan chair. In the song "Find a good husband's family for you", the heroine is already "making her own decisions", and the way to get married is not to wear embroidered shoes with her head covered, but to "ride a horse and wear flowers" and "enter the husband's family with the groom".

Folk songs in northern Shaanxi are close to life, reflect the truth of life and have strong feelings, especially love songs. The protagonist in Miss You Really Miss You is an unmarried girl, and there is a passage that expresses her feelings like this:

Miss you, miss you, miss you,

I miss you all over;

My hair misses you,

Red hair rope is hard to earn;

Pippi misses you,

Yulin is difficult to comb;

Eyelashes miss you,

It is difficult to close day and night;

My eyes are kind, I miss you,

Tears are hard to collect;

My tongue is very sharp, I miss you.

Bitterness and bitterness are hard to taste;

……

If it's just the expression of the characters' inner thoughts and feelings, then this letter "Holding Hands" is a description of the characters' behaviors and actions:

You must hold my hand,

I want to kiss your mouth,

Hand in hand, mouth to mouth,

Let's go for a walk in the park.

The four sentences in the grid are easy to understand. Although the hero and heroine are careless, their movements are natural and their emotions are relaxed, which can be described as the swan song of northern Shaanxi.

Due to historical and natural conditions, northern Shaanxi is backward in economy, underdeveloped in culture, sparsely populated and scattered in residence. Therefore, the rule of feudal consciousness here is relatively weak. In some remote mountainous areas, there used to be a folk song of "Three Monsters": "Sand hits the wall, but it won't fall. Aunt is not annoyed to marry Han Han, and prostitutes jump over the wall and dogs don't bite. " This shows the ideology of northern Shaanxi.

Folk songs in northern Shaanxi are widely circulated in northern Shaanxi. Generally, people in northern Shaanxi can sing a few songs more or less. When working and walking in the fields, they can hear songs. In their spare time, people often get together and take turns singing. In addition to this natural mass communication in daily life, there are two modes of communication: one is the communication of folk singers and artists; The second is the collective or individual communication in some customs activities. For example, you have to sing activities such as "doing things", welcoming relatives, paying homage, praying and yangko. Another example is Wedding Song, which includes Landing Song, Popular Felt, Worshiping Heaven and Earth, Spreading the Account, Going to the Head Song, and Sending Children Songs.