Read the text silently and tell me what kind of railway the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is.

History and construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway;

The construction of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Railway started at 1958. In April of that year, the section from Hekou to Xining of Lanqing Railway started construction from Hekou in western Lanzhou and Xining in Qinghai at the same time. It only took more than a year, and the trunk line 1959 10 was completed and opened to traffic, with a total length of 175 km, which is the first railway in the history of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Gan Qing Railway broke ground in May 1958 and was officially put into operation in March 196 1.

1957, the Qinghai-Tibet railway began to survey and construct, and the section from Xining to Haiyan was completed and opened to traffic in 1960. In 1960s, the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway was once stopped due to the national economic difficulties. 1962 The railway mileage in Qinghai-Tibet area is only 205 kilometers. In the mid-1970s, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway continued to be built, 1979 was laid to Golmud City, and the first phase of198/kloc-0 was successfully completed. This railway runs from Xining to the west through Haibei and Haixi Autonomous Prefecture, with a total length of 834 kilometers. 1984 may 1 international labor day officially put into operation. With the completion of the first phase of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the mileage of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Railway has reached 1095 km. You Ning-Datong, Qaidam (Hargil-Qaidam), Hu Hai (Ketu-Hu Hai) and Chaka (Milnor-Chaka) have been built successively, with a total length of 130 kilometers and 5 dedicated lines. At this point, the important position of railway transportation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has initially appeared, but it also reflects that its distribution is too concentrated.

On February 8th, 20001year, the State Council approved the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. The second phase of Qinghai-Tibet Railway is the Golmud-Lhasa section, with a total length of 1 18km, passing through permafrost regions over 550km, with an altitude of over 4000m and 965km, and the highest point is Tanggula Pass at an altitude of 5072m. The project was completed in three stages: Golmud-Wang Kun section was paved in June 2002 +065438+ 10; 55 1.7 km from Wangkun to Amdo will be laid by the end of 2005; 44 1.9km from Amdo to Lhasa will be paved in June 2006+065438+1October; In June 2007, the whole line was completed. According to the preliminary planning of Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction, the total investment in the inner section of Xizang Autonomous Region is 654.38+0.6 billion yuan. When completed, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway will become the highest and longest plateau railway in the world.

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway adopts the world's first high-altitude and cold bullet train developed by China, with complete office, first aid and living facilities. The car is safe, reliable, comfortable and environmentally friendly, and can run normally in cold and oxygen-deficient environment. The train is equipped with plateau oxygen supply system, and the whole carriage is used to supplement oxygen. The system can automatically control the operation of the oxygen generator according to the oxygen content in the air in the carriage, so that the oxygen concentration in the air is always kept at a comfortable level for human body and the altitude sickness of passengers is overcome. For sudden and emergency patients, the car also has a medical emergency room, which can be diagnosed and treated in time. In order to protect the fragile ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the vehicle is equipped with a vacuum excrement collection device and a sewage tank, and all wastewater and sewage are collected and discharged in a unified way. The air intake system is a brand-new structure, which can prevent wind, snow and sand from entering. Non-electrical components have taken anti-ultraviolet measures. There is a conference room and a dining room in the car. The dining room is equipped with modern kitchen facilities such as microwave oven, water dispenser and refrigerator. The car is also equipped with advanced fault diagnosis and detection system, GPS electronic map, camera, film and television system, track condition detection device and so on.

Besides the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, there are three railways in the planning, namely, Gansu-Tibet Railway, Yunnan-Tibet Railway and sichuan-tibet railway. Through comparison and demonstration, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has unique advantages in railway length, total length and density of line, bridge and tunnel, construction period and construction conditions. The total construction period of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is only six years (the other three lines are about 30 years or even longer), and the investment is also the least.

An important purpose of this project is to develop tourism resources in Tibet and promote local economic development. Tibet's tourism revenue accounts for more than 5% of the region's total revenue. From 1999, the number of tourists in Tibet reached 450,000, and it is expected to reach1130,000 by 20 10. However, due to traffic restrictions, it is very expensive for travel agencies to organize a group tour to Qinghai-Tibet. For transportation alone, the round-trip air ticket from Chengdu to Lhasa will cost more than 2,400 yuan, plus other expenses. If a person wants to join a group tour to Tibet, the cost is often higher than that of an outbound tour. After the railway is opened, it will be very convenient to travel to Tibet. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway will be built into a safe, fast, comfortable and all-weather express passage according to the principles of high speed (train speed 140 km/h), large section (one station every 50 km) and few maintenance personnel.

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was completed and opened to traffic;

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was officially opened to traffic on July 1 2006. Beijing, Chengdu, Chongqing, Xining and Lanzhou were the earliest cities in Lhasa, and then Shanghai, Guangzhou and other big cities joined the operation of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. A large number of tourists are going to Tibet by railway to enjoy the scenery and tourism experience of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau completely different from before.

After the completion of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the total length from Xining to Lhasa Railway Station is 1956 axiom, in which the Xining-Golmud section is 8 14 axiom, which was completed and opened to traffic in the late 1950s to the mid-1980s, while the Golmud-Lhasa section is 1 142 axiom, that is, in July 2006.

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway crosses the plateau frozen soil, with the highest elevation of 5072 meters, creating a miracle of the world plateau railway construction. Its completion and opening to traffic will play an important role in promoting the economic development of Qinghai-Tibet region, sending it to the lives of local people, strengthening national unity and promoting cultural exchanges.

Scenic spots along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway (starting from Golmud):

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway basically goes hand in hand with the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, passing through many tourist attractions and stations along the way:

Nanshankou, Gan Long, Xiaonanchuan, Yuzhufeng, Budongquan, Chuma River, Nachitai, Wudaoliang, Xiushui River, Tuotuo River, Tongtianhe River, Yanshiping, Buqiangge, Tanggula Mountain, Zhajiang Zangbu, Amdo, Cuona Lake, Naqu, Dangxiong and Yangbajing finally entered Lhasa.