Frontier sentence

Playing pipa on horseback urges us to drink.

Liangzhou song

Wang Han

Pu Tao wine luminous cup, want to drink pipa immediately.

Drunk lying on the battlefield, you don't laugh, there have been several wars in ancient times.

Liangzhou song

Wang Zhihuan

The Yellow River is getting farther and farther away, because it flows in the middle of the Yellow River, and Yumenguan is located on a lonely mountain.

Why use the elegy of willow to complain about the delay of spring, old Yumenguan, a spring breeze is not blowing!

Disengage plug

Wang Changling

In Qin dynasty, the moon was closed, and in Han dynasty, people were recruited to return it.

If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan.

When welcoming a messenger to the capital.

Cen Can

The distance from the east home is very long, and the tears are wet and the sleeves are still flowing.

I'll meet you immediately, without paper and pen. Please tell my family that I'm safe.

In the prosperous period of the early Tang Dynasty, there were frequent wars on the national defense line in the northeast, northwest and southwest, so the Tang government had to send troops to guard the border. Our commanders in charge of these national defense forces are all famous generals, and we need to take a group of people to take charge of paperwork. Scholars entered the shogunate of our time, hoping to get a part-time job because of the recommendation of the chief. During the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years of Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty, many famous poets gathered under the curtain of our border guards. These poets are familiar with the life and mood of the frontier fortress and soldiers, and sing and express them in various forms of poetry, so a large number of such new themes have appeared in Tang poetry. We call this kind of poem frontier poems. We have talked about three frontier poems written by Gao Shihe and Cen Can, and now we will choose four frontier poems written with seven-character quatrains.

The first and second are engraved with Liangzhou words. Liangzhou was a new popular tune at that time. It is said that there was once a King Qiuci who loved music. He listened to Feng Shui songs in the mountains and composed many songs with his musicians, which were very popular in the western regions. Guo Zhiyun, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty in Longyou, collected these music scores and presented them to Xuanzong, who handed them to the workshop for translation into China music scores with new China lyrics. There are more than ten kinds of tunes, such as Yizhou, Ganzhou and Liangzhou, which are named after the place names produced by the songs. The poet warmly welcomed these fresh songs and everyone wrote lyrics for them. Therefore, many people's poetry collections have poems with the theme of "Liangzhou Ci", "Yizhou Ci" or "Ganzhou Ci", which are new Yuefu songs in the Tang Dynasty, not poems.

William Wang's "Liangzhou Ci" wrote a general who was about to go to war. Before getting cold feet, his family sent him to war. Wine is a famous product in Liangzhou, and the luminous glass is the best white jade wine glass, which is also a famous thing in Liangzhou. Use this sentence to sum up the richness of the banquet. The general wants to have more drinks, but the soldiers have mounted their horses, so it is inconvenient to urge them verbally, just playing the pipa. As soon as the general heard it, he knew that his friend was urging him. But the general is drunk now. Is he drinking? No. Is he afraid of death? Not exactly. He said: I was drunk on the battlefield, so don't laugh at me. You see, how many people have come back alive since ancient times? This shows the general's heroic spirit of holding the heart of death, drinking enough wine and mounting a horse to kill the enemy. Shi Hongbao commented on these two sentences: "It is easy to read sad words. Reading jokes is wonderful. Learners understand. " There is nothing wrong with his experience. We should take these two sentences as humorous words.

Wang Zhihuan's second "Liangzhou Ci" was written with another frontier scenery. He first wrote about the border town, revealing a wall between the mountains. White clouds seem to flow from the Yellow River at the foot of the mountain. He outlined the geographical situation of this important national defense town. So I heard someone playing a flute here, and the tune happened to be "Folding Willow", which is a cross-wind song in northwest China. Since the Southern and Northern Dynasties, people have had the custom of breaking Yang Liuzhi's farewell, so the tune of "breaking the willow tree" became the music played when they left. Now that I hear someone playing this tune again, I realize that the piper must be homesick and bear a grudge. Therefore, the poet said: outside Yumenguan, there are only yellow sand and white grass, and the spring breeze can't move, and there are willows to fold. You piper, don't blame the willow. Combining the first two sentences, we can feel that the theme of this poem is that it is so desolate and cold outside Yumenguan, and it is extremely profound to miss home and hate parting. "Why complain" is not really to persuade him not to complain, but to say that complaining is useless, which is a deeper irony. Qiangdi is a flute made by the western Qiang people, and the piper is also a Tang warrior guarding the frontier fortress. I can't understand that Qiang people are playing the flute. Li Bai has a poem "Smelling Flute in Luoyang on a Spring Night", and the second sentence says, "No one can but miss his hometown when he hears the willow at this night." It can be used as a reference to explain Wang Zhihuan's poem. Recently, some people commented on this poem, knowing that "Zheyangliu" is the title of the song, but did not indicate the meaning of this song, so they knew nothing about the theme of the whole poem.

This poem was first seen in the National Show. The first and second sentences say: "An isolated city, Wan Ren Mountain, with the Yellow River reaching the white clouds." The order is different from today's version. Secondly, from Historical Records, the first sentence is "The yellow sand is far above the white clouds". Later, in many books of Song people, it was written as "Yellow sand goes straight to white clouds". The right and wrong of "Yellow River", "Yellow Sand", "Far Up" and "Straight Up" have aroused the scrutiny of later generations.

Many people argue that "Yellow Sand" is right and "Yellow River" is wrong. The reason is that there is no Yellow River outside Liangzhou. I thought "river" and "sand" were mistakes in biography, but today I'm not sure what they are. On syntactic momentum, it is better to take "the Yellow River is far above". Li Bai's poem "How the Yellow River Water Moves Out of the Sky" is also the same artistic conception, which is the poet's impression of the upper reaches of the Yellow River at that time. As for saying that Liangzhou is not on the edge of the Yellow River, it must be "yellow sand", which is also problematic. As "Liangzhou Ci" is the lyrics of "Liangzhou Qu", its content is not limited to describing Liangzhou City. Wang Zhihuan's poems are only about a guarding city on the frontier fortress, and the "lonely city" is universal, not especially Liangzhou. Besides, Liangzhou is not in the mountains of Wan Ren. If you think this poem is about Liangzhou, then even this second sentence should be denied.

Wang Changling's song "Embankment" means to break the barrier. In Tang poetry, it is generally used to express going to war, while "entering the fortress" means returning home in triumph. The first sentence, "The bright moon in Qin Dynasty is off in Han Dynasty", is arranged literally first: Look at the bright moon in the sky or the bright moon in Qin Dynasty; Look at the majestic Guancheng, which is also a national defense building in the Han Dynasty. The second sentence goes on to say: In this picturesque custom from ancient times to the present, no one who went out to Wan Li to participate in the expedition came back. Therefore, poets have to hate this kind of war. He thought, why go away to conquer the conference semifinals? If there is a flying general like Li Guang, who can stick to the frontier defense and prevent the Hu people's cavalry from crossing Yinshan to invade China, wouldn't it save the lives of many soldiers? Obviously, this is a poem against the war of aggression, which is very implicit. Use the words "but do" and "don't teach" to let the readers understand for themselves.