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Causes of El Nino and La Nina phenomena

The causes of El Nino and La Nina are simply that the precipitation in rainy places has decreased and that in arid places has increased.

1, meteorological reasons in Elnor:

June 10 to March of the following year is the southern hemisphere summer. The water temperature in the southern hemisphere generally rises. The equatorial countercurrent flowing eastward is strengthened. At this time, the global pressure belt and wind belt moved south, and the northeast trade wind crossed the equator and was biased to the left by the rotation of the southern hemisphere, forming the northwest monsoon.

The northwest monsoon not only weakens the southeast trade wind on the west coast of Peru, but also weakens or even disappears the cold water flooding of Peru's cold current. It also blows the equatorial countercurrent seawater with high water temperature to the south against the ocean current, which turns the Peru cold current into a warm current. This calm and unstable warm current is called El Nino warm current.

2. Meteorological reasons of La Nina:

The existence of the northeast trade wind makes a large amount of warm water blown to the equatorial western Pacific, and the warm water is blown away in the equatorial eastern Pacific, which is mainly supplemented by cold water below the sea surface, resulting in the SST in the equatorial eastern Pacific being significantly lower than that in the western Pacific.

When the northeast trade winds strengthen, the upwelling phenomenon of deep seawater in the equatorial eastern Pacific becomes more intense, resulting in abnormally low sea surface temperature, which makes the airflow in the equatorial eastern Pacific sink, while the upward movement of the airflow in the equatorial western Pacific intensifies, which is conducive to the strengthening of the trade winds, thus further aggravating the development of cold water in the equatorial eastern Pacific and triggering the so-called La Nina phenomenon.

The meaning of El Nino and La Nina:

Erno meaning:

The original meaning is "baby", "prodigy" or "son of mind". It shows that the sea surface temperature extends westward along the west coast of South America (near Peru and Ecuador) and reaches the international international date line through the equatorial Pacific Ocean.

La Nina meaning:

The original meaning is "little girl" and "saint". It refers to the abnormal drop of water temperature in the eastern Pacific near the equator, which is manifested by the obvious cooling of the eastern Pacific. Contrary to the El Ni? o phenomenon, it is also called "anti-El Ni? o" or "cold event". With the global climate chaos, it always appears after the El Ni? o phenomenon.