How do liberal arts students learn liberal arts well?

Primary school girl, I am also a liberal arts student. Now I am a graduate student. It is not difficult to learn liberal arts well. The important thing is persistence, which is different from science.

Basic links that must be paid attention to in learning liberal arts well;

I am convinced that every liberal arts student wants to embark on the road of learning success. If you want to succeed, you should not only have strong learning motivation, diligent learning attitude and good physical and psychological quality, but also master scientific learning methods. In fact, as long as people are learning, whether they are aware of it or not, people are choosing certain learning methods, just using different methods. Learning the correct methods and getting twice the result with half the effort will not only help liberal arts students to move forward smoothly in the coming year and achieve excellent results, but also become a valuable asset for a person's life.

First of all, of course, we must master and understand the basic concepts.

The second is to master the contrast method, which depends on the usual training. The content of comparison is quite extensive, and people, events, historical concepts and cultural achievements can all be compared. We should pay attention to three points when comparing: first, make clear the direction of thinking, seek common ground or seek differences, and compare horizontally or vertically. Our task is to find out these basic similarities and differences. The second is to determine the comparison point, that is, to divide some fields for comparison, such as the political, economic and cultural fields of two different societies, the causes, processes and results of two or more historical events, and of course the nature, characteristics and influence of the two historical events.

From the perspective of deepening memory, successful review should at least grasp two steps:

The first step is to put the newly learned knowledge into the already learned knowledge and integrate it into the existing knowledge structure as much as possible, so sorting out notes and making some cards is the proper meaning of the title.

The second step is proper practice.

Attend lectures; Listening refers to absorbing the meaning of a word or sentence with the brain in the process of listening, understanding facts and concepts on this basis, and trying to turn them into memory. Listening to lectures is one of the main ways for students to acquire knowledge at present, and it is also one of the important links to realize efficient learning.

First of all, we should correct the attitude of attending classes, which is the most important condition for attending classes effectively. You should realize your luck: every class is prepared by the teacher for hours or even a lifetime, and you get it so easily; You should find it difficult to get the corresponding information in the same unit time by self-study after class.

The second is to listen carefully. Including: concentrate on the classroom, especially on ① learning objectives; ② Unsolved parts in the preview; (3) The knowledge emphasized by the teacher and the knowledge focused on analysis.

The third is to use a variety of organs, take notes and answer questions actively. Listen, watch, write and answer in class, leaving a clear memory mark on the brain.

Fourth, we should sum it up in time. After class, you can spend another minute or two recalling what the focus of this lesson is.

On the issue of attending classes, we should pay attention to eliminating the following two common bad habits: criticizing the teacher if you think the class is boring or don't listen carefully, which will lead to the omission of useful information; Absent-mindedness and "taking care" of other subjects in class will of course be "scared" and the learning effect can be imagined.

Notes; Why take notes? Research shows that the average student can remember 50% of the teacher's lecture immediately after class, only 25% after 48 hours, and only 8.4% after two weeks.

There is no doubt that taking notes is helpful to the close cooperation of eyes, ears, brain and hands. The stimulation of various organs to the brain is helpful to concentrate, think positively and strengthen memory, thus improving the learning effect. But the role of notes is not limited to this, because what teachers say in class is sometimes more hierarchical, logical or easier to understand than textbooks.

Generally speaking, for example, the capacity of Class Three in Senior High School is relatively large. From a technical point of view, we might as well prepare a special 16K notebook, which is convenient for writing comfortably and quickly. Leave a certain blank on each page to facilitate later sorting and supplement; The writing of words is based on one's own understanding and does not need to be strict and neat; Use some abbreviations or abbreviations that you can understand; Some contents in some textbooks can be directly marked on the textbooks, saving time.

How to take notes?

Of course, you should learn to preview and listen to lectures, which is the premise of taking good notes.

Of course, to write down the teacher's syllabus (points), the key points to remember are: important concepts, conclusions and their analysis; Important knowledge classification or knowledge framework (including clues and structure); Classic examples or exercises; Teachers' new views and thinking methods on some problems.

Taking notes is for application. Notes need to be reviewed many times in order to give full play to their functions. Generally, when the content is fresh in your mind (that is, on the same day), review it more carefully in combination with the arrangement of notes. Wait for the notes to "cool down" (usually 1-2 weeks at first, and then it can be extended gradually), and review them again. First, strengthen memory. Second, see if there are any new problems. Third, we should pay special attention to the relevance of notes in all parts of the whole knowledge system.

Practice; For example, one of the characteristics of senior three is to practice more, and "topic sea" is a true portrayal of this phenomenon. As a senior three student, I'm afraid I can't avoid the "sea of questions", so I should be mentally prepared.

Clever sailors will certainly not avoid the sea, nor will they be submerged by it. Successful senior three liberal arts students will not just drift with the tide in the sea of questions, but break through the waves through their own efforts to reach their intended destinations smoothly.

In the face of the vast sea of "questions", how should we fight?

The first is "Let it grow for three thousand miles, and I will only take a spoonful". In other words, we should take the road of "refinement". Therefore, after entering senior three, you need to choose better review materials for backup under the guidance of teachers. The so-called "better", of course, should consider the following factors: scientific correctness; Writing is suitable for senior three review (at least two parts: synchronous counseling and special counseling); The content is consistent with the reform direction of the college entrance examination and the examination outline. From a practical point of view, there should also be two parts: synchronous practice and thematic practice. With these materials, it is necessary to complete them in a planned and step-by-step manner. On practical issues, it is forbidden to collect a large amount of information. Do this today and do that tomorrow, and it will be difficult to be "systematic" and "comprehensive" in the end.

The second is to pay attention to the exercises designed by the teacher. Review materials are generally aimed at large user groups and may not be suitable for you personally. An excellent teacher will design some more targeted exercises for students to choose according to the actual situation of his students and the college entrance examination. In this regard, you should choose some of them according to your actual situation.

The third is to adhere to the principle of "small water and long flow". Many students have misunderstandings about liberal arts homework, thinking that they only need to do math and physics every day. Liberal arts mainly read books or do papers. In fact, as a liberal arts student, I'm afraid I need to do liberal arts homework every day, but I don't need to do a lot. It should be noted that it is necessary to do as little homework as possible. Even if the teacher assigns such homework, he should try to summarize and organize it in his own language. You can gain something by doing this once, and you won't feel that you are "ineffective labor."

Fourth, we should seriously study typical topics. There are generally two types of typical problems. First, good college entrance examination questions, especially the explanatory questions listed in the "exam instructions" of the college entrance examination; Second, the exercises designed by the teacher have the meaning of "example" for a certain kind of topic. The reason why we should seriously study typical problems is because exercises emerge one after another. The most effective way is to study those examples thoroughly, just like studying mathematics and physics, so as to achieve the effect of drawing inferences from others. Today, when the comprehensive examination of liberal arts is implemented and the knowledge coverage is no longer pursued, this practice method is particularly worth promoting.

1, schedule:

Why do you have to arrange time? No matter study or life, senior three is an extremely tense year, and only scientific arrangement can have higher efficiency. People are usually lazy, and the timetable can be an external driving force to promote your normal study and life; Timetable can also help you avoid things you don't like to do, and ensure that your study and life are planned and orderly; Of course, it will also help you to arrange the review of various subjects reasonably.

How to arrange the study time scientifically? Generally speaking, the school has plans during the day from Monday to Saturday, and students need to arrange mainly in the morning, evening and Sunday. The principles and specific methods of arrangement are as follows

The first is to determine the time to sleep and get up, and ensure about 8 hours of sleep every day. Generally, you should go to bed early and get up early to synchronize your biological clock with the time needed for study.

Secondly, we should arrange the time for meals and entertainment to ensure that we can eat leisurely. In addition, the study efficiency is extremely low half an hour before meals and one hour after meals, so it is advisable to arrange entertainment or take the initiative to rest, such as walking and chatting, listening to news and music, doing housework, sorting out study materials and supplies, etc.

The third is to arrange the time period. Generally speaking, an hour is appropriate as a period of time, 50 minutes for study and 10 minutes for rest. We should establish the consciousness that one hour's study is not as good as 50 minutes' study and 10 minutes' rest, and quantity (time) is not as good as quality (learning efficiency). You can arrange one time slot in the morning and three time slots in the evening (but concentrate). What needs to be reminded in particular is that, first, as a liberal arts student in senior three, the time for reciting should be guaranteed: first, it should be in the morning, and then at least 20 minutes should be arranged. Followed by the evening, the second half will be used for reciting. Second, you should make necessary preparations for your study during recess, such as drinking tea and sorting out your school supplies. Once you start studying, you can't do things that have nothing to do with your study, just like having classes at school.

The fourth is to arrange the study content in the evening and pay attention to the intersection of various disciplines, especially the intersection of arts and sciences; Respect "yost's Law", and the study time of each subject should not exceed 1 hour, which will improve your study efficiency by 30%; Attention should be paid to the combination of reading, practicing and reciting, so that different organs can be put into learning alternately; Generally speaking, it should be easy first, then difficult, then reasoning after writing, and then reviewing before doing the questions, so as to ensure the smooth completion of the learning task.

As for sundays, it is suggested to take a rest and adjust in the morning (you can have enough sleep, do exercise, and of course do something you like), in the afternoon you can arrange the class notes for a week, and in the evening you can review key subjects or weak subjects.

2, the improvement of memory ability:

When entering the liberal arts class, the problem of memory is placed in front of every liberal arts student. Usually before entering the liberal arts class, many students think they have a trump card. However, after a period of study, faced with a lot of things to remember, this trump card seems overwhelming, which makes many students lose confidence in their memories. This is certainly not conducive to this critical year of study.

There is no doubt that there are many things to remember in life's study and life experience, especially in senior three. This is because memory is the most basic level of cognitive ability, and other high-level abilities and their applications are based on it. It can be said that "where there is no memory, there is no learning". It is precisely because of this that the comprehensive ability examination of liberal arts puts memory ability in an important position (the "ability requirement" of comprehensive literature is only divided into three levels: memory, understanding and application), and there are still many questions in the actual examination by means of recognition and reproduction.

Have a correct understanding of memory. Memory and ability complement each other, and a strong memory is of great help to the development of ability. Unfortunately, under the background of emphasizing quality education and ability test, some teachers and students take "developing ability" as an excuse and put memory in a secondary position. It seems that the improvement of memory and the development of ability are opposite, which will of course restrict the development and exertion of memory, thus affecting the improvement of learning efficiency.

Memory is not entirely natural. As long as the method is correct and the training is proper, anyone with a heart can have a strong memory. The key is action.

So, how to improve memory?

First, we should establish self-confidence, believe in science and believe that we can remember. Miracles often come from self-confidence and persistence. In fact, students' confidence in their memory ability is well-founded. It is said that Napoleon can remember every soldier's face and name. The amazing memory is certainly not unique to Napoleon. According to experts' research, the amount of information that a person's brain can remember is roughly equivalent to the collection of books in libraries all over the world (770 million volumes), and the average person only exerts about 4% of his ability. If you can use his 65,438+00% ability, you will become a superman.

Second, we should screen and classify the knowledge we have learned, and then memorize it in different levels.

The first thing is to be brave and good at choosing knowledge and try to grasp the key points. Dare to ignore unimportant knowledge. This is because "the essence of genius is to know what to ignore". You must decide which knowledge needs to be mastered and which knowledge can be ignored in the study of senior three, so you should learn to judge and choose according to the requirements of the examination syllabus.

Secondly, it is hierarchical, which can divide the selected knowledge into appropriate levels and determine the corresponding learning procedures and memory requirements.

Third, we should use our brains rationally. The so-called rationality, first, alternately reviewing different courses, such as alternating arts and sciences, alternating history and geography, can make different parts of the cerebral cortex excited and inhibited in turn, which is conducive to the enhancement and development of memory ability; The second is to remember at the best time, which should generally be arranged in the morning, before going to bed at night or half an hour after dinner. The key is that in the morning, "the way to remember lies in ten minutes in the morning", and ten minutes in the morning can be equivalent to one hour in the middle of the night.

Fourth, try to understand what you have memorized. Knowledge without understanding is hard to remember, and knowledge without understanding cannot be applied. Nowadays, the history of college entrance examination requires to recognize and reproduce historical knowledge, which is not copied from the text of textbooks, but has been transformed in language or form, so it is difficult to recognize and reproduce without understanding. Even multiple-choice questions often have to be analyzed, summarized, compared and synthesized before a conclusion can be drawn.

Fifth, review regularly. Regular review is not a simple repetition, but should be carried out in the following ways:

Various organs go into battle together. New knowledge can be memorized in the order of "familiarity-silent reading-writing". In this way, the hands, mouth, ears, eyes and other organs can be reviewed in advance to stimulate the brain in different ways to achieve better memory effects.

Reorganize the material to give it new meaning. Drawing, tabulation, classification and comparison are all good ways to organize materials. Self-organized materials are more meaningful and easier to remember. This method is more suitable for reviewing and memorizing a unit or topic.

Review in time. The essence of memory is to resist forgetting, so we should review what needs to be remembered in a planned cycle. Generally speaking, the content of new learning should be memorized on the same day in combination with the arrangement of notes, the main points of knowledge learned this week should be browsed in combination with the arrangement of units (or topics) within one week, and can be recited in combination with the making of cards within one month. If you combine important exams (scheduled mid-term and final exams, mock exams) for a comprehensive review, it is unlikely that knowledge will be forgotten. Of course, every time you recite, you should avoid "reading from the book", but try to remember and read alternately.

No matter what kind of knowledge you want to memorize accurately, the card method is probably essential and the most effective. The so-called "card method" means that on the basis of reviewing and sorting out, the knowledge that needs to be memorized is made into classified cards according to certain topics, and then stored in card boxes in different categories, and kept around in stages and batches, so that it can be memorized at any time. Compared with reading books, it takes more time to make cards on the surface, but in fact it is a process of understanding, sorting out and using, a process in which many organs go into battle at the same time, so it is an efficient learning process. Usually made cards (not copied) will be memorized as long as they are reviewed a little. You can try if you don't believe me.

3. Summary after test:

Needless to say, liberal arts students enter the third year of high school, and they will enter the exam sea almost every day to accompany the exam. In this process, many students just face it helplessly with a negative attitude, so they drift with the tide and even get swallowed up.

Sailing on the vast sea needs a compass to guide the course. Crossing in the sea trial also needs to constantly identify and correct the course, which needs to be summarized. The summary after the exam is to test the compass in the sea, and its significance is self-evident.

Summarize what? First of all, we should summarize the exam results and learn to treat the scores correctly through summary. Only by looking at the score correctly can we not be blinded by the score, but focus on the learning process and the The Secret Behind contained in the score. The second is to sum up the gains and losses of the exam and find out the reasons for success or failure, which is the central task of summing up after the exam. Of course, learning is expensive in the process of hard work, but the score is one of the signs of knowledge and skill level after all, and whether the hard work process is reasonable is often reflected in the score. So be sure to pay attention to the summary. The third is to determine the direction of the next stage through summary. Celebrities have said that it is better to go fast but go astray if you are lame and don't get lost. Therefore, making up your mind should be after knowing the situation. On the other hand, knowing the situation, but without targeted actions, summing up is meaningless. Therefore, we should be good at determining the direction of the next stage on the basis of summary.

How to sum it up?

First, classify according to certain items, and then make mathematical statistics to find out the main areas of losing points. If we can set items such as "I don't understand at all", "I forgot in the exam", "I don't know accurately", "I was careless" and "I made a mistake in the exam", we can classify all the lost points and get the rate of losing points, so as to roughly understand the main factors of losing points. You can also set up items such as "people", "events", "time", "region", "terms" and "evaluation" for classified statistics to find out your own weak links. Boys often lose points in the field of "time" and girls often lose points in the field of "region". You can also set up ancient history of China, modern history of China, national history, modern history of the world, modern history of the world and other items for classified statistics. Generally speaking, world history is often a weakness.

The second is in-depth analysis to see what the real reason is hidden under the appearance of losing points. For example, "wrong test" is an important reason why many students lose points. Should we further analyze whether it is caused by carelessness or lack of time? Is it caused by psychological pressure or not knowing the topic at all? Of course, it may also be caused by fixed thinking. Another example is "forgetting during the exam", which is also a common reason for losing points. So, is it weak memory or too nervous? Are you too tired (in poor health) or are you not agile enough (I didn't expect it at all)? Generally speaking, various specific reasons can be summarized into five aspects: knowledge base, learning attitude, learning methods, psychological and physical quality, and preparation before exams.

Finally, formulate rectification measures. Without specific measures, just saying "study hard in the future" means not saying it. On the basis of finding out the reasons for losing points, we can grasp the main problems and formulate specific rectification measures to guide the next stage of learning. Of course, it is equally important to take action in the future.

Actions speak louder than actions. No matter how good the learning method is, only by combining each student's own characteristics and transforming it into every student's daily actions will it produce positive results.

I hope you can learn from the above experience and get into your favorite university.