Millions of soldiers retreated to the south of the Yangtze River, with swords around their waists bloody. Zhu Yuanzhang's overbearing poems were stolen from the Song Dynasty.

A few days ago, I answered an interesting question: which poem can be second to none in terms of domineering and murderous look? The title lists this poem:

Kill all the millions of soldiers in the south of the Yangtze River, and the sword around your waist is still bloody! The old monk doesn't know a hero, just ask his name.

This murderous poem, at first glance, is not written by a scholar. Many people say that it is the work of Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding father of the Ming Dynasty, with the title "Don't mess with buddhist nun's eminent monks". Actually, it is not. It's a poem.

I. Poems inscribed by Zhu Ci

Let's look at the story of Zhu Yuanzhang. In the Qing Dynasty, Chu people got Jianxuan Collection, which recorded a story of prajna temple's Poems:

Hongwu fought in the south of the Yangtze River and went to prajna temple, Taiping Prefecture, hoping to spend the night. The monk was different and asked Li Jue's name. Because of the poem temple wall yue:

Millions of soldiers retreating from the south of the Yangtze River ..........

The monk was afraid of being seen, so he wrote his poem with chalk. After Deng Ji, send someone to see if the poem is there. The monks were frightened, and some even made up a poem. No right to return. The key monk will come and kill him. The monk said that after the imperial poetry, my teacher had poetry. Ask what poem. The monk al Jefferson said:

I dare not leave a poem with the imperial pen. ..........

High yellow west. Monks in the temple are exempt from investigation.

Legend has it that Zhu Yuanzhang once again fought in Jiangnan before he proclaimed himself emperor. After the war, Zhu Yuanzhang took people to spend the night in a temple. The monks looked at him strangely and asked his name. So Zhu Yuanzhang wrote a poem:

The war retreated a million soldiers in Jiangnan, and the sword around his waist was still bloody. Monks don't know heroes, just ask their names.

When the monks saw that this was an anti-poem, they were too scared to speak. After Zhu Yuanzhang left, the timid monk blotted out this poem.

Later, Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor and sent people to read this poem. Monks are so scared. Who knew that the bandits in those days became emperors today? At this moment, a monk wrote a poem on the wall.

Zhu Yuanzhang was very angry when he heard that his poems were gone, and sent someone to arrest the monk and prepare to be executed. A bold monk said that after your imperial poem, my master also wrote a poem, saying:

I dare not leave a poem with the imperial pen, for fear of worrying ghosts and gods when I leave it. Therefore, the water will be washed gently, and there will still be dragon light shooting bullfighting.

Your Majesty, how dare we keep your poems? I'm afraid your poem will disturb ghosts and gods, so we respectfully wash it off. Even so, in those days, bullfights such as Longquan and Tai 'ajian were often pointed by lights.

Zhu Yuanzhang was overjoyed after hearing this, and the voice of flattery was endless, so he spared these monks.

Second, flatter the Ming Dynasty.

In the official anthology of Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Dynasty, the title of this poem is "Don't provoke buddhist nun to be a monk", but there are some variants:

After killing millions of soldiers in the south of the Yangtze River, the sword around his waist was still stained with blood. The monk didn't know the hero, but asked his name.

Ancient people often made mistakes in printing, so many different versions of poems appeared. This version comes from Zhu Yuanzhang's "Yu Lan Ji", the preface written by Liu Bowen, and the end also indicates the time:

Hongwu seven years, winter December, years old in Jiayin. Dr. Zi Shan worked sincerely, and I bowed my head and kowtowed.

The story of "prajna temple" is also recorded in the Seven Manuscripts of Lang Ai, a scholar in Ming Dynasty, which may be the origin of the story of Qing Dynasty:

Prajna temple, Taiping Prefecture, Taizu crossed the river and swam in the temple. He wanted to borrow it for one night, but the monk asked his name in Li Jue, so he wrote a poem on the wall.

"Jiangnan killed millions of soldiers, and the waist sword was still bloody; Monks don't know heroes, just ask their names.

"After Deng Ji, I heard that the poem was missing. I ordered the monk to go to Beijing and kill him. I said, "Where is the poem?" The monk said, "After the imperial edict, there are only four sentences from my old teacher." Q: "What poem?" Monks recite the cloud:

"Imperial pen poems dare not stay, often afraid of ghosts and gods; So, gently wash the French water and shoot the bullfight. "

Laugh it off.

Don't mess with me. buddhist nun and Prajna buddhist nun read almost the same. However, the Chu people got this poem wrong in Jane Xuan Ji. Maybe he depends on different versions.

Liu Ji's Preface to Imperial Literature should be authoritative, but this is not the case. Because this poem appeared as early as the Song Dynasty.

Don't the Ming Dynasty compilers who have read a lot of poetry books know the origin of this poem? Perhaps it was intentional, in order to highlight that Emperor Zhu, who did not read much, also had talent.

Third, Wenquan Temple in Song Dynasty.

According to Song Xiang's "Yu Di Ji Sheng Kuizhou Road Chongqing Mansion", there is a seven-character quatrain "Wenquan Temple" in the Song Dynasty, and its poem says:

He once commanded 100,000 soldiers in Shanxi, and his sword is still bloody. Monks don't know heroes, so they ask names.

This poem is very similar to Zhu Yuanzhang's. We can compare it: after killing millions of soldiers in the south of the Yangtze River, the sword around his waist is still bloody. The monk doesn't know the hero, but only asks his name.

Obviously, Zhu Yuanzhang adapted this poem by Qu Duan.

Qu Duan (1091—1131) was a famous person in the Song Dynasty. His words were just right, and he had a good impression on his career. Defeated Jin Bing many times in the early Southern Song Dynasty. He used to be the defense envoy of Kangzhou, the peace envoy of Jingyuan Road, worshipped the mighty general and commanded the Xiliang Army.

Later, Qu Duan had a dispute with his boss Zhang Jun and was demoted to Yingyong. After the defeat of Fuping in Song and Jin Dynasties, Zhang Jun and Wu Jun conspired to imprison Qu Duan and put him to death for treason. He is only 4 1 year old.

At the same time, there is also an anti-gold star Liu Kun (1098 ~ 1 162), who said in his poem "Confucius Temple":

The flood swept away the evil spirit, and the treasure in the box was still horizontal. The night is starry, the ghosts cry and the wolves howl, and the day is full of surprises.

Reorganize the mountains and rivers in the north and help Nanjing. Monks don't know heroes, just ask their names.

The last two sentences are similar to the end of the song, and I don't know who draws on who.

There are not many poems handed down from ancient times, and there is another poem in Cool Garden that sings Zen:

The sun's feet are burning, and the mountains walk and smell cicadas in June. Self-pity is not as good as lofty branches, and it costs nothing to suck the wind.

And the impassioned "Left":

When will Weinan Village be returned when the country is not broken? A long whistle in the east wind, how many people have not returned to their souls.

Concluding remarks

Zhu Yuanzhang stole the quatrains from the poem, and did not explain the source, which made future generations confused about the original author. In fact, it is not uncommon to learn from or adapt the poems of predecessors. Just make it clear.

For example, the chairman has a poem "Changing Drama into Memory Monument III of Du Fu" as a gift:

Thousands of mountains and valleys are near Jingmen, and there is still a village in Lin Biao. She came out of the purple palace and entered the desert. Now she has become a green grave in the yellow dusk.

And changed from Japanese Saigō Takamori's poem "Change Poetry to Father":

The child is determined to go to the countryside, or he will not return if he succeeds. Mulberry fields don't need to bury bones, and life is everywhere.

In fact, Saigō Takamori is not the original author. The original author is a Japanese monk named Shi Yuexing.

Laojie taste

Who was the earliest author of this poem? I'm determined to go to the countryside and never come back until I learn something.

Song ci 158 | Hushan lay man, senile, Song Xunzi Mo Shanxi tells his love affair.