The word "Huanxisha" written by Su Shi describes the scene of rural life from a visual and auditory perspective, showing a simple nostalgia. Please use a few phrases to summarize it.

1. Huanxi Sand

Contents

Jujube flowers are falling on clothes and towels, and reeling wheels are ringing in the south and north of the village. Niu Yigu Liu sells cucumbers 3.

I feel sleepy when I'm tired after drinking wine for a long time. When I'm high in the sun, I'm thirsty and think about tea. Knock on the door and ask the savages 4.

About the author: Su Shi (1037-1101), courtesy name Zizhan, also known as Dongpo Jushi, was a native of Meishan in the Northern Song Dynasty. He is a famous writer and one of the eight great writers of prose in Tang and Song Dynasties. He is knowledgeable and versatile, and has high attainments in calligraphy, painting, poetry, and prose. His calligraphy, together with Cai Xiang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fu, is known as the "Four Calligraphers of the Song Dynasty"; he is good at painting bamboo, wood and strange rocks, and he is also outstanding in painting theory and calligraphy theory. He is the literary leader after Ouyang Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty. His prose is as famous as Ouyang Xiu; his poetry is as famous as Huang Tingjian; his poetry is majestic and bold in style. Instead of the elegance of his poetry, he is called "Su Xin" together with Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, and he is the most bold and bold. Send a lyricist.

Notes

1. This sentence means that jujube flowers fall on the clothes and scarves one after another, and the syntax is reversed. Rustling, falling appearance.

2. Reeling and drawing tools.

3. Cow clothes, "Hanshu·Wang Zhangzhuan" "Zhang is ill, without quilt, lying in cow clothes". The article "Ox Clothes" in Volume 2 of "Yan Fan Lu" written by Cheng Dachang of the Song Dynasty: "In the Records of Food and Goods, Dong Zhongshu said: 'Poor people often wear the clothes of cows and horses, but eat the food of dogs and pigs.' However, those who wear cow clothes weave straw To keep him warm, he could use a cow's body or a coir raincoat to cover him. "This refers to the poor clothing of the melon sellers. This work may be called "Banyi", as in Zeng Jili's "Tingzhai Poetry Talk": "I saw Dongpo's ink writing as 'Banyi', and I knew that the word 'Niu' was wrong."

4 . Comic, whatever. Because I was very thirsty and wanted to drink some tea, I wanted to knock on the door of any house and ask. Su Shi's "Occasionally Visiting the Residence of the Barbarian Wang": "When you are thirsty for wine and want tea, you will knock on the door." These two sentences have the same meaning. Pi Rixiu's "Sobering up from Drinking at a Leisure Night": "When you are thirsty, you think about tea", which is the origin of this saying.

Appreciation

Since Su Shi's poetry, the subject matter, artistic conception, writing style, etc. have all expanded. The rural pastoral scenery that rarely appeared in poetry before has also appeared in Su Shi's poetry. In the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), when Xuzhou received rain after a spring drought, Su Shi went to Shitan to thank God and composed a set of "Huanxi Sand" titled "Five Poems on the Path of Thanking Rain in Shitan, Xumen", all of which were about the rural scenery in early summer. This is the fourth of them.

The previous film captures common scenes in rural life. The aroma of jujube flowers, the sound of reeling wheels, and the leisurely attitude of the melon sellers form a fresh and natural pastoral picture.

The next part is written by the author himself. The day was high, the road was long, and he was drunk. He was tired and thirsty, so he knocked on the door and asked for a drink. Although Su Shi was a scholar-bureaucrat, he was close to the countryside in his heart. He said that "Zhang Junyuan is a person here". Here, the casual "knocking on the door and asking questions" is indistinguishable from the "savage family", which can be seen. A spot.

2. Huanxi Sand

Author: Su Shi

Content

Visit Qishui Qingquan Temple, the temple is near Lanxi, and the stream flows west1.

At the foot of the mountain, orchid buds dip into the stream, and the sandy road among the pines is clear of mud.2. Xiaoxiaomuyuzigui cries 3.

Who said there is no less in life? The running water in front of the door can still be west 4! Stop singing yellow chicken with gray hair 5.

Notes

1. Qishui, the name of the county, is now Xishui Town, Hubei Province. At that time, I traveled with the doctor Pang Anshi (also known as Anchang), and I found "Shu Qingquan Temple Ci" in the third volume of "Dongpo's Inscriptions and Postscripts".

2. Bai Juyi's "Luobin on March 3rd": "The sand road is moist and there is no mud."

3. Xiao Xiao Muyu, Bai Juyi's "Send to Yin Xielu Poems" self-note: "The lyrics of Wu Erniang's song in the south of the Yangtze River say, 'Xiao Xiao Muyu Lang will not return'." Zigui, a cuckoo bird, is said to be the ancient Shu emperor Du Yu It is transformed into the soul of Du Yu, also known as "Du Yu". It has a sad and shrill sound, which is often used in poems to express the thoughts of traveling.

4. This sentence should be realistic. But "in front of the door" and so on, there are also origins. "Old Book of Tang" Volume 19 "The Biography of Yi Xing" by Fang Ji said that there was an old monk in Guoji Temple in Tiantai Mountain who knew how to make fortunes. He said: "The water in front of the door is flowing to the west, and the disciples are also coming." The group went in to ask for help. , "But the fruits in front of the door flow westward."

5. Bai Juyi's "Drunken Song": "Who knows how to make you understand the song? Listen to the singing of the yellow rooster and the day. The yellow rooster crows to remind you of the dawn, and the day reminds you of the new year. The waist is red. The ribbon is not yet stable, and the beauty in the mirror has been lost." Here the meaning is used instead, which means don’t hurt yourself with gray hair and lament aging.

Appreciation

This poem was written in the spring of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082). At that time, Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) because of the "Wutai Poetry Case" Deputy envoy of regiment training. This was a major blow to Su Shi's political career, but this poem showed an optimistic spirit in the face of adversity.

The top column describes the natural scenery. The first two sentences describe the early spring, when orchid grass begins to grow by the stream, and the paths along the stream are clean and mud-free, creating a scene full of vitality. But it ends with the sad cry of cuckoos in the dusk rain. The sound of Zigui reminded pedestrians to "go back", which gave the scenery a somewhat sad color.

Xia Qian changed his writing style. He no longer fell into the melancholy brought about by Zigui's cry, but picked up his strokes. As the saying goes, "Flowers bloom again, and people are no longer young." The passage of time is like water flowing eastward and cannot be saved. However, there are always surprises in the world. "The water flowing in front of the door can still reach the west" is not only a real scene in front of you, but also a hidden Buddhist allusion. Water flowing in the east can also flow back to the west, so why should we mourn in vain for our old age? It seems simple, but it is worth recalling. The first volume of "Ci Jie" said: "Po Gong's rhyme is high, so his simple words are also extraordinary."

The whole poem is filled with an upward attitude towards life, but the sub-guidance at the end of the sentence The cry faintly reflects the poet's situation, and also shows the value of the optimistic attitude in the poem. Therefore, Chen Tingzhuo's "Bai Yuzhai Ci Hua" said: "The more melancholy, the more heroic, the more loyal, the more I am fascinated."

3. Huanxisha

Author: Su Shi

Content

On December 24, the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Uncle Liu Qian traveled to Nanshan from Sizhou 1

The drizzle and slanting wind make it slightly cold. Light smoke and sparse willows make the beach beautiful. Entering Huai and Qingluo is a long journey 2.

Snow foam milk flowers floating on the midday lamp 3, Polygonum antler and artemisia bamboo shoots on the spring plate 4. The taste of the world is pure joy.

Notes

1. Sizhou, now Si County, Anhui. Uncle Liu Qian, whose life is unknown. Nanshan, namely Duliang Mountain, is not far from Sizhou.

2. Qingluo refers to Luojian, which is now Luohe River in Anhui Province. It originates from Hefei, Anhui Province, flows north to Huaiyuan and joins the Huaihe River. Sizhou is on the north bank of the Huaihe River. It's long and the water is vast.

3. Snow foam milk flower, the white foam that rises when making tea. In ancient times, the best tea was made with bright white milky color and fine foam. Su Shi's "Moon over the Xijiang River" (longbao's best product this year): "The soup is plump and white, and the floating milk is light and round."

4. Polygonum: the sprouts of Polygonum. Artemisia shoots, lettuce shoots. Spring plate has been a custom since the Tang Dynasty. On the first day of spring, spring pancakes, lettuce, etc. are served on a plate and given as gifts to relatives and friends, called spring plate. The day when the poem was written was not far from the beginning of spring, so I "try it out" first.

Appreciation

This is a travel poem. In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), Su Shi was transferred from Huangzhou to Ruzhou (now Linru, Henan Province). On his way to his post, he stayed in Sizhou for a while. This poem was composed during this period when he and his friends were visiting Nanshan near Sizhou. Write.

The last film describes the scenery seen in Nanshan: the slightly cold weather was deliberately "made" by the "drizzle and slanting wind". The weather cleared up, and the smoke and willows on the beach seemed to be "fascinating" deliberately. Entering Huaiqingluo, it seems that the river is slowly flowing and the vastness is endless. The unintentional scenery, in the eyes of those who care about it, seems to be full of affection.

The next part is about taking a break at noon and making tea and having a picnic. The milky white tea is accompanied by fresh wild vegetables, which has a unique flavor. The main theme of the whole poem finally falls on the word "Qing Huan", which shows the author's appreciation of the mood of life.

The whole word is written in an elegant style, and you can feel the author's elegant and tranquil state of mind. It is precisely because of this state of mind that you can taste the unique sentiment of life.