Who can tell us the origin of stamps?

At first, the word stamp was literally translated from English stamp. Stamp means "postage certificate". 1840, the earliest stamps issued in Britain were printed with the portrait of the queen, and then countries followed suit. Most of the stamps issued were the head of the king, which was called "head portrait" after being spread to China. 1879, published an advertisement in the Shanghai Declaration. The price of the customs officer is 20 cents per 100; Six years later, another report was published in Shenbao, 1878. In the fourth year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty, China issued the first set of stamps with "Yunlong" as the main picture, and then issued the Xiaolong Panlong stamp. In the early days of China, many stamps had the pattern of "dragon", which was called "dragon head" in folk customs. Until the Republic of China. Tu Hua Xin Bao, published by Shanghai Qingxin Library, once published an article about pictures printed by libraries in various countries, calling stamps "postal money". During this period, stamps were often called "pattern paper" in the official documents of post offices. In the "Postal Regulations" promulgated by the Qing Post, it is stipulated that "the post office shall make a letter ticket for pasting the letter". This stamp is called "letter ticket", which shows that this kind of ticket is specially used to send letters because it has a pattern on it. Stamps used to be called "Stamp paper", which is a transliteration of English stamp. 1888, the General Administration of Cultural Newspapers and Periodicals was established in Taiwan Province Province, and the word "stamp" appeared for the first time in the regulations on stamps issued by Taiwan Province Province. The General Administration issued two Taiwan stamps to distinguish the responsibility and delivery time of official documents. The official name is "stamp" and the folk name is "commercial ticket", but the official use of the word "stamp" began at 1899, when postal collection began and postal services expanded. Letters on the "letter ticket" cannot include all postal services. 19 12, the word "stamp" was printed for the first time on the stamps issued by China to commemorate the recovery.

The story of China's first stamp

1878, the Qing government set up post offices in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Yantai and Niuzhuang (Yingkou), which were subordinate to the customs. In the same year, the Shanghai Customs Registration Office printed and issued a set of three dragon stamps. A golden dragon with five claws is drawn in the middle of the stamp pattern, which is lined with clouds and waves. The color and face value of stamps are different. The face value is silver (green, postage for printed matter) and three cents silver (red). Surface mail postage) and five cents silver (orange, registered mail postage). This is the first stamp issued in China, and philatelists used to call it "Customs Dragon" for short. In Qing Dynasty, most stamps were designed with "dragon", because "dragon" embodied supreme authority and was the image of the supreme ruler. Recently, it is a symbol of the supreme ruler. However, it is difficult to find out the designer's name and exact issuing time, which has become an "unsolved case" in the study of the early stamp issuing history in China. The "Dalong" stamp is a copper stamp, carved by a sculptor hand by hand. Because the imported paper is different, it is brushed three times. The first issue was published on 1878, and it was called "tissue paper land".

1882 the second issue is called "broadside dragon" because the spacing between each stamp is slightly larger and the ticket width is 2 mm wider than that of the first issue. Among them, 50 unused new tickets are rare, and only one new ticket with 25 pieces survives, which is the most famous early stamp orphan in China. 1883 for the third time. The paper is thicker than the previous two times, which is generally called "thick paper dragon". Because of the punch, there are two kinds of tooth holes, Koga and rough teeth. Smooth teeth are also called "thick paper dragons", and seals with fiber hairs around tooth holes are called "thick paper".

"Dalong with hairy teeth" stamp. After the copper mold was damaged, Dalong seal was not printed. It is the first set of stamps issued in China, which plays an important role in the history of stamp issuance, so it is even more precious. To commemorate the anniversary of the issue of Dalong stamps 1 10, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications issued a stamp sheetlet on July 20, 1988, featuring a full set of three Dalong stamps with winning tickets. The success of printing with 7-color machine for the first time is rare in the history of stamp printing. The All-China Philatelic Federation held the "International Symposium on Dalong Stamps" in Xiangshan, China Stamp Museum held a special stamp exhibition on Dalong Stamps, China Philatelic Publishing House published a special commemorative collection of Dalong Stamps, and also produced the TV series "China Stamps" (I)-a special film on Dalong Stamps.

The earliest stamps issued by countries all over the world

The invention of stamps greatly simplified the complicated postage procedures, accelerated the delivery speed of letters, and the postal income increased year by year, and countries followed suit.

France became one of the major colonial countries in the world at the end of 10. Stamps will be issued from 1849. The main pictures are mostly statues in Greek mythology or Roman mythology, all of which are famous sculptures or paintings. The design level and printing quality of French stamps have always been in the forefront of the world. The kingdom of Belgium issued the first batch of ordinary stamps in 1849, with the country number printed at the end of the face and only the French postal logo printed. The main picture shows the statue of King Leopold I. The king wears a medal on his chest, commonly known as the "Medal", which is a treasure in early Belgian stamps. Spain has a long history, and stamps were issued on 1850. The main picture on the front is the statue of Queen Isabella II and Spanish miniature stamps. Austria and Switzerland issue stamps in the same year. The main picture of Austrian stamps is a miniature stamp with a crown and a double-headed eagle, with the names of Austria and Hungary printed on the front.

stamp The Kingdom of the Netherlands first issued stamps on 1852. At the end of the stamp, the name of the country is printed, and only the word "postal" is printed. The main painting is a statue of King William III. When Luxembourg also issued stamps, it printed the name of Sweden. The main pictures of early stamps were mostly micro-records, lion crowns, figures, three crowns and statues of King Oscar II. Norway also issued stamps in the same year and the following year. Finland issues stamps. Poland and Malta issue stamps on 1860. In the middle of the 9th century, Italy, which was not a unified country, issued stamps after Sardinia was renamed the Kingdom of Italy in 86 1. Greece is an ancient civilization in Europe, and issued the first set of stamps in 186 1. The main picture marked with "Greek Seal" is the profile of Hermes, the messenger god in Greek mythology. Hungary, San Marino 187 1 year, Iceland 1873, Bulgaria 1879 and Monaco 1885 successively issued stamps. Liechtenstein, known as the stamp kingdom, issued stamps in 19 12. Albania, a Balkan country, issued stamps on 19 13. Slovakia, Czech Republic, issue stamps 19 18, with tickets. Exquisite printing is praised by the world The design level and printing quality of stamps in the former Soviet Union are second to none among stamps in the world. 1923 There are 10 universal stamps issued for the first time, and the main picture is a portrait of a worker.

Four copies, three for farmers and three for soldiers, with the CCCP stamp on them.

Compared with Europe, Asian countries issue stamps later. Afghanistan began issuing stamps in 187 1, when the country was called "Kabul Kingdom". In the same year, China officially issued the "Dalong" stamp 1878, and North Korea established Modern Post and issued it on 1884. China's six treaty countries used stamps in 1884, and Indian * * * and China stamps were issued in 1950. Nepal began to issue its own stamps at 188 1, and Thailand (formerly known as Siam) began to issue stamps at 1883, with Siam and the last Indian country on the face. The main picture shows the statue of King Rama V. Turkey stamps can be traced back to1stamps issued by the Ottoman Empire in 886. Iran is called Persia in history. In 1870, the Persian Empire began to issue stamps with no country name, only face value and lion logo. The "Netherlands India" stamp issued by 1864 is the earliest stamp in Indonesia. The face pattern is a miniature seal on the Philippine flag. The first unified stamp was issued in Malaysia on 1990. Since 1862, Hongkong Post has issued a set of 7 stamps with denominations ranging from 7 cents to 96 cents. 1884, Macao announced the establishment of Macao Post Office, and issued stamps in the same year. By the middle of the 20th century, many Asian countries had got rid of colonial shackles and started to issue their own stamps.

The African continent was enslaved by colonial rulers. Under the rule of the ancient Ottoman Empire and colonialists such as Britain, France, Portugal, Germany and Spain, all African countries used or issued colonial stamps. In modern times, they declared their independence and began to issue their own stamps. Brazil is the largest and most populous country in South America and the second country in the world (1843) to issue stamps. Before 1847 issued stamps uniformly in the United States, 1845- 1846 had 12 cities issuing stamps in 10 states or using postage prepaid stamps. British Guiana 1850, Canada and Trinidad 18566. Chile 1853 started issuing stamps, Cuba 1855, Argentina, Mexico 1856, Peru * * Republic of China 1857, Bahamas 1859.

Jamaica, Saint Lucia 1860 began to issue stamps, and the Cayman Islands used Jamaican stamps in the same year. 186 1 year, British colonists began to issue stamps in Grenada. Antigua and Nicaragua 1862 started issuing stamps, Bolivia and Costa Rica * * and the United States 1863 started issuing stamps, Ecuador.

1865, El Salvador 1867, Paraguay 1870, Guatemala 187 1, Dominica 1874, Montserrat 1876, Panama Malvinas islands. 1880, Tobago began to issue stamps. In the mountainous country of Haiti, stamps are issued as 188 1, and in French Guiana and Martini in summer, stamps are issued as 1886. Most stamps in the United States are in the form of miniature records, kings and postal marks.

New Zealand in Oceania has issued stamps since 1855, and the words "New Zealand" are printed on the front of the stamps. The main picture shows Queen Victoria when she was young. Tonga, a kingdom with a long history in the South Pacific, began to issue stamps in 1886. The main picture shows the profile of the first king of the dynasty. Australia issues stamps 19 13, the first set.

Antarctica is uninhabited because of its harsh geographical and climatic conditions. Since Britain began its Antarctic expedition at the end of 18, some countries have made scientific expeditions to Antarctica. Stamps such as British Antarctic Territory Stamp, Australian Antarctic Territory Stamp, French South Antarctic Territory Stamp and ross dependency Stamp used in New Zealand Station were issued. "1961-1991year Antarctic treaty stipulated that all territorial sovereignty and territorial claims should be frozen.