The People's Education Press version of the high school Chinese textbook "The Old Man and the Sea"

"Talking" is a new thing that has emerged in the teaching reform. It is a new form of teaching research, teaching exchange and teaching discussion. It is also a further development of collective lesson preparation, while lecture drafts are It is a manuscript prepared for giving a lecture. The following is the teaching script of the Chinese language "The Old Man and the Sea" for the second grade students published by the People's Education Press. Welcome to refer to it!

The teaching script of the Chinese language "The Old Man and the Sea" for the second grade students published by the People's Education Press

1 , Speaking of textbooks

1. "The Old Man and the Sea" is a self-reading text in the first unit of compulsory course 3 of the standard experimental textbook for ordinary high schools published by the People's Education Press. This article uses the image of the protagonist Santiago to Successfully created, it praises the indomitable and fearless heroic spirit of human beings in the mysterious and unpredictable nature. "The Old Man and the Sea" focuses on elaborating thoughts on life. Both the story and the characters are full of symbolic meaning, and more modern expression techniques are used in art. Like Santiago, on the surface he is just an unlucky fisherman, but at the symbolic level of the work, he is a tough guy who never gives up, a symbol of the human spirit of overcoming oneself and never surrendering to fate.

This unit is the first novel unit in high school. There are 2 novel units in the current high school Chinese textbook: one is compulsory 3 and one is compulsory 5. It can be seen that this unit occupies a very important position in the entire high school novel teaching. It is not only the welding point of junior high school novel learning, but also the extension point of the entire high school novel learning knowledge and skills.

2. Analysis of students’ situation

First of all, I want to affirm that compared to prose, poetry, and drama genres, students are still more interested in novels, but Very few students can delve deeply into the hidden meanings and thoughts about life beneath the surface of the novel's text. Therefore, I want to take "The Old Man and the Sea" as an example to try to guide students to learn to explore the denotation and connotation beyond the storyline of the novel!

Secondly, in the selection of "The Old Man and the Sea", the storyline is not Not complicated, even extremely simple. Especially the long paragraphs of the protagonist's soliloquy in the selected text make students always find it boring and unable to read. Students have developed an attitude of staying away and staying away.

Combined with the status and role of the textbook and the teaching focus of this unit - learning to appreciate characters and taste the language of novels - based on the three dimensions of knowledge, experience and emotion in the new curriculum standard, I will organize this lesson The teaching objectives are determined as follows:

1. Guide students to read quickly, grasp the main content of the novel, and then carefully read the key paragraphs and inner monologues of the characters to figure out the language and writing characteristics of the novel.

2. Combined with the experience and language of the characters in the article, analyze and figure out the philosophical and symbolic meaning of the article.

3. Feel the protagonist’s spirit of fighting in a difficult environment with courage, perseverance and wisdom, and not succumbing to fate. So based on my teaching goals, I set the following key and difficult teaching points.

Teaching focus:

1. Guide students to carefully read key paragraphs and characters’ inner monologues, and figure out the language and writing characteristics of the novel.

2. Cultivate the spirit of not succumbing to fate and fighting in harsh environments with courage, perseverance and wisdom. Teaching difficulties:

Analyze and figure out the philosophical and symbolic meaning of this article based on the experience and language of the characters in the article.

Class schedule: 1 class hour

2. Teaching and learning methods

Teaching method:

1. Introduction method. Through the materials collected and organized by teachers before class, they are displayed to students using multimedia and other teaching tools to arouse students' interest before entering the text.

2. Reading method. A very important feature that distinguishes Chinese classes from other classes is the ability to analyze the language from a sense of language through repeated reading. In the classroom, according to the reading process of "phonological reading, meaning reading, emotional reading, and aesthetic reading", we cultivate students' reading habits and examine the ideological content of the article during reading.

3. Discussion method. In class, raise several valuable questions in a timely manner to stimulate students' thinking. Furthermore, you can gain a deeper understanding of the character of the characters in the novel.

Study method:

1. Cultivate students’ sense of rhythm by reciting key passages.

2. Cultivate students’ interests through reading and learning in class, and extend reading in class to outside class. Thus developing the habit of conscious learning.

Teaching process

1. Introduction

A heroic husband has great ambitions, a good plan, and the opportunity to hide the universe. He who has aspirations for heaven and earth. Taiwanese writer Li Pai once said: I am thinking that when a man lacks something in his bones, he will naturally think of Hemingway. The Swedish Nobel Prize Committee commented: Courage is Hemingway's central theme.

"The Old Man and the Sea" is about an old man, but it shows a world.

2. Introduction to the author

3. Check preview

4. Text interpretation:

Analysis of the plot of the novel:

< p> 1. What is the main plot of the selected article?

2. How many times did the scene of the old man fighting the shark appear? Which one left the deepest impression on you?

The excerpt is about the scene of the old man fighting the shark, which accounts for about one-sixth of the book. The focus is on the five rounds of the old man's fight with the shark. Read the article and fill out the table below from both the shark and the damarin perspective.

Contrast? Under what circumstances did the old man fight with the shark one after another due to disparity in power? Why does the novel depict the ferocity of the shark?

Old man: Shark:

Old, frail, exhausted and exhausted one after another

Dizzy and injured in the right hand, in groups

Left hand cramped, no food, ferocious and strong

Lack of weapons, isolated and helpless

3. Briefly summarize the old man’s character traits.

Method Tips:

1. Mark the old man’s inner monologue and read it over and over.

2. Compare the similarities and differences in the description of human psychology in Chinese and Western novels.

What kind of character traits of Santiago are shown in the plot?

1. He prepared the harpoon and tied it with a rope, and looked at it without blinking. The shark swam forward.

Clear goals and calmness

2. He thought: This may be a dream. I can't stop him from killing me, but maybe I can catch him.

Confidence

3. Don’t think about it, old guy. He opened his voice again and said, "It's better to sail the ship towards this route and take responsibility for anything that happens." Dare to take responsibility

4. A person is not born to be defeated. You can eliminate him, but you can't defeat him. ? Never give in

5. Think of something happy, old guy? He said, "Minute by minute, we are getting closer and closer to home." Having lost 40 pounds of fish, the boat moved more lightly. ?

Optimistic and positive

6. The old man first let it bite the dead fish, and then plunged the knife tied to the oar into its brain.

The old man loosened the leg rope and let the boat swing to one side, allowing the shark to come out from under the boat. Wit

7. Yeah! The old man said Star Shark, come on, Star Shark. ?

Brave, calm and fearless

8. "Fight them," he said, "I will fight them to death." ?

Perseverance

9. He pulled the tiller off the rudder, used it to hit and chop, hugged it with both hands, and chopped down again and again, But they had already jumped up to the bow of the boat to bite the dead fish. Sometimes they pounced on one after another, and sometimes they swarmed up. When they turned around and pounced again, they picked off the shiny fish meat under the water surface piece by piece. Teared away.

Never give up bravery and perseverance

2. What are the characteristics of the process and results of Santiago’s psychological changes? Please find some more positive or negative factors in this part Phrases that describe psychology.

Negativity goes hand in hand with positivity, and eventually leads to positivity.

Plot summary: Is this a thrilling tragedy of a struggle between man and nature? The old man paid a heavy price for every victory he achieved, and ended up with nothing.

Has he been defeated? Have you seen the dignity of the human soul?

IV. Extended exploration:

1. How to understand the old man’s fight with the shark?

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The sea and sharks in the novel symbolize the social and natural forces that oppose people, and the old man showed unparalleled strength and courage in the desperate struggle with them, and was a person who defended the human soul. A person with dignity is a victorious loser and a defeated hero. The value of the old man's life has been fully demonstrated in the process of chasing marlin and fighting against the sea and sharks. It can be said that such an image perfectly embodies the author's idea of ??"you can destroy him, but you can't defeat him".

This is the inner monologue of the protagonist and the core spirit of the novel. Hemingway used the words of Santiago in "The Old Man and the Sea" to shout a manly declaration: Man is not born to be defeated. You can eliminate him as much as you like, but you can't defeat him. It vividly reveals Santiago's inner world and pursuit of life, and is also a reflection of the author Hemingway's ideas and values. This sentence means that the mission of life is to struggle and to fight against fate unremittingly.

Although life is faced with various natural and social challenges, perhaps these challenges are strong enough to destroy the human body, but as long as a person maintains a strong fighting spirit and an unyielding spirit in the face of any difficulties and obstacles, a person can survive. Will always be the winner.

Although the old fisherman Santiago in the novel failed to save the big marlin in the end, in the process of fighting the shark, he showed unparalleled strength and courage without losing human dignity. Is a spiritual winner.

The image of a tough guy: With crude weapons, isolation, and attacks from sharks, the old man fought bravely with his courage, perseverance, and wisdom. In him, we You can see a kind of "tough guy" character who is indomitable, strong and unyielding, and has the courage to face violence and death.

2. What inspiration did you get from him? If one day misfortune comes, I

3. Thinking: The use of a large number of psychological descriptions in "The Old Man and the Sea" is Hemingway's unique Language style, please analyze what role these descriptions play in the novel’s authenticity, novel structure, characters and theme expression?

Authenticity: consistent with the monotonous fact of life of fishing alone at sea

Structure: connects the plot of the story and plays a role as a clue in the novel

Character: shows the rich spiritual world and diverse personality traits of the characters. The hero is both a "tough guy" and a strong character. Brave and perseverant, but often accompanied by loneliness and despair.

Theme expression: The psychological process of positive victory over negativity explains the main theme of the novel---people are not born for failure. A person can be eliminated, but cannot be defeated.

4. What are the characteristics of the monologue in the article? What role does it play in the article?

Make it clear that in addition to the description of the scene of the old fisherman Santiago fighting the shark, this article also has a large number of characters. They faithfully record Santiago's inner monologues and describe his state of mind during the few days he was wandering at sea. Through free association, they truly reproduce the old man's thoughts and feelings.

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Most of the tough guys in Hemingway's early novels are "dumb bulls", with few words and lack of ideas. However, the old fisherman Santiago has a rich inner world, strong rationality, and is dominated by thoughts. The man of action has therefore become one of the most successful characters in Hemingway's novels.

5. Extended thinking

1. Comparison of the masters of national soul shaping:

Hemingway

Tenacious, self-respecting and self-reliant, full of exploration and pioneering spirit A tough guy

Drawing out the advantages and influencing the people

Unintentionally

Lu Xun

Cowardly, mean, closed-minded, conservative and ignorant The coward

Draw out the flaws and transform the nation