What are the traditional folk customs with unique local characteristics in Dongying City?

Characteristics of Dongying Folk Custom

Before the founding of the People's Republic of China (Dongying City was not established at that time, only referring to the local villages), the local people mostly spun their own coarse fabrics, mainly in blue, white and made them into turtlenecks, gowns, big waist and fat crotch pants, which were single, clipped and cotton, and belts were also cloth belts. Men's coats are mostly double-breasted, while women are right-breasted. Young women often wear red and green calico clothes and pinch of calico clothes. In winter, I have the habit of tying my waist and trouser legs. Farmers wear self-made shallow cloth shoes, double-faced shoes, ox-nose shoes, etc. When working, the soles are hand-made multi-layer soles, cotton shoes in winter, and "Puwoer" (shoes woven with cattail or reed spikes) when living in leisure. The socks are homespun white socks or blue socks, and they are covered with mud socks in rainy days. Wear a hat pad in autumn, a hood and a sculling hat in winter and spring. Dozza, a young woman, had long braids before marriage. After marriage, she combed a net and tied her hair clasp. Wealthy people wear earrings, bracelets, rings, etc., elderly women wear "brain belt" hats, and the front is decorated with hat flowers, while children wear pull hats or tiger hats. Middle-aged men wear felt hats and three big fan hats.

after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the custom of women wearing jewelry gradually fell into disuse and disappeared during the "cultural revolution". People wear more fine cloth clothes, but less coarse cloth clothes. Commonly used fabrics are khaki and flannel. Young and middle-aged men wear Chinese tunic suit, national defense suit, student suit, sneakers, five-eye shoes, round mouth shoes and liberation shoes. Young women wear blue shirts, while female cadres and students wear Lenin clothes, lux shoes and elastic shoes. In winter, some wealthy men and women wear yellow, black and blue cotton coats. The man has a split head and a flat head, and wears an eight-way military hat and an octagonal hat. Wear a liberation hat or three big fan hats and a long scarf in winter. Middle-aged women often wear ear-length short hair, while young women wear two braids and square headscarves in red, green and yellow. The costumes of the elderly still follow the old customs. With the development and construction of Shengli Oilfield, new changes have taken place in clothing. Oil workers often wear blue cotton overalls, which are divided into single and cotton. The shoes are cowhide shoes, rubber rain boots and raincoats. During the "Cultural Revolution", young people often wore military uniforms, caps and shoes, dressed in grass green and wearing Mao Zedong's badge on their chests. At the end of 197s, polyester, polyester cotton and woolen goods were fashionable, and gray, blue and black were popular, but the clothing styles did not change much. Both men and women wear plastic shoes or flip leather shoes and cloth shoes, while fewer people wear homespun socks or thread socks, and more people wear artificial fiber socks. However, many rural housewives still sew a thick coarse cloth sock bottom on their newly bought fiber socks to make them wear-resistant.

Dongying custom memorial service

To pay homage to the dead, you have to go to the grave five times a year, and the married daughter will bring sacrifices back to her family's grave. After the death, you have to do five qi, three, thirty-five days, ninety-nine days and three years.

Tomb-Sweeping Day is commonly known as the Cold Food Festival. After adding graves two days ago (that is, adding soil to ancestral graves), we go to graves in the afternoon. In this solar festival, schools, institutions and groups systematically sweep the graves of martyrs and lay wreaths to show our memory of our old friends.

On June 6th, we laid new wheat and steamed buns. Rolling cakes to pay homage to ancestors

On the afternoon of July 15th, also known as "Ghost Festival", families pay homage to ancestors

In October, families pay homage to ancestors

Even on the day when the old man dies, they have to pay homage to their ancestors

Dongying customs celebrate the New Year

Drinking Laba porridge and soaking Laba vinegar indicates the information of the New Year. Laba porridge originated from Buddhism. According to legend, Sakyamuni became a Taoist in Laba after he got the milk porridge from the shepherdess. Later, the monks cooked porridge for the Buddha as a souvenir. Laba porridge is boiled with millet, glutinous rice, adzuki bean and yellow rice. The beauty of Laba porridge lies in the porridge fruit, including red dates, chestnuts, walnuts, peanuts, longan meat and so on. Wash rice and cook beans in the middle of the night, peel the shells and peel the kernels, cook them in the morning, have a family dinner and feed them to the neighbors. On this day, "Laba vinegar" will be soaked: white and plump garlic cloves will be soaked in a small jar of vinegar and sealed for dipping in jiaozi for the New Year. For more than 2 days from Laba to New Year's Eve, the garlic flavor melted into the vinegar, making the sour and spicy taste moderate. Dip the hot dumplings in Laba vinegar, and spray the nose with garlic, which is appetizing. The Yellow River Estuary reclaims wasteland, and there is a bride in the family. Laba uses yellow rice and red dates to make cakes, which is called "eating bowls and cakes".

The last day of the twelfth lunar month is New Year's Eve, and the next day, the first day of the first lunar month, is the Spring Festival, commonly known as "Chinese New Year", which is the most solemn traditional festival among the people. Strictly speaking, the Chinese New Year is the first day of the Lunar New Year, but in fact, from the first day of the Lunar New Year, the people have been full of rich "year flavor" until the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month.

The 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is often referred to as the "off-year". From this day on, rural households began to prepare for the New Year. In Dongying District, Lijin and Guangrao, since ancient times, there has been a custom of offering sacrifices to stoves on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month. In addition, in the last few days around the 23rd, every household will have a general cleaning, and the area around Dongying District is called "sweeping (copying) houses". When sweeping houses, all the things in the house should be moved to the yard, and all the corners in the house should be swept clean to welcome the new year.

Every household in Dongying has the custom of preparing new year's goods and making pasta by hand. Because there are many kinds of pasta, it takes a long time. Generally, there are steamed buns, flower rolls and mung bean buns similar to Shoutao, and some make rice cakes. Then, every household will set out to fry fish, meat, meatballs, fried lotus root and the like.

After Laba, every household began to sweep the courtyard, buy new clothes and prepare new year's goods, and were busy in a festive atmosphere, which was called "busy year". It is busiest two or three days before the Spring Festival, and every household buys new bowls and chopsticks. Catch the New Year's Festival (the last market before the Spring Festival, the most bustling and lively), buy meat, fish, firecrackers and New Year pictures; Prepare food, steamed rice cakes, steamed buns, fried meatballs and chopped stuffing (dumpling stuffing). During the period, all loans made by the people were returned separately. In the old days, the poor mostly ran away to hide their debts, so the Spring Festival was also called the "Year of the Year". On the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, the busy year came to a climax. While cook the meat fried fish, he sent New Year's gifts, posted New Year pictures and posted couplets to his relatives and friends. There is a folk saying that "on the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, every family posted a couplet."

During the Chinese New Year, there are still some regulations in Dongying. It is forbidden to clean the house on the 25th of the twelfth lunar month, because it has been said that this day is the birthday of the house, and it is not allowed to be cleaned casually. However, now these are just a matter of personal preference. The year is not the past year, but it is still the year of China ...

On the 3th of the twelfth lunar month, that is, New Year's Eve, commonly known as "New Year's Eve" (sometimes it is 29th), people sweep.

On the morning of the New Year's Eve, people began to hang genealogy at the door of the hall, offering sacrifices to the gods and ancestors, including fish, melons and fruits, and if conditions permit, they had to go to the grave and burn paper in person in order to be blessed first. In the afternoon, New Year pictures and Spring Festival couplets are posted. The contents of Spring Festival couplets are rich and colorful, such as "the wind shakes the bamboo shadow with sound pictures, the rain beats the wintersweet without words", "the apricot flowers and the rain get wet, and the willow wind blows cold", etc., while the business house will generally post such contents as "the business is prosperous all over the world, and the financial resources reach three rivers", and there are also some things like "the first spring in the sunny door is always there, and the good people celebrate more than enough. Most of these Spring Festival couplets are written for family members to entertain themselves, and sometimes people are asked to write ghost letters. Therefore, in front of those who like calligraphy, people who ask for calligraphy are often in an endless stream. However, this situation has gradually declined in recent years, probably because the pace of people's life has become too fast, and there is no time to write Spring Festival couplets. Therefore, every door has been replaced with unified Spring Festival couplets bought from the market.

every household will have jiaozi in the afternoon. In the evening, after jiaozi cooked, men went to the cemetery to pay their respects (some invited their grandfathers and grandmothers) and invited their ancestors home for the New Year. Then the whole family set off firecrackers and ate jiaozi. As the sun sets in the west, people in Lijin area begin to "call Ming". Each family lights sesame stalks or straw at the gate or at the head of the lane, and the whole family stands around the fire. The old man "Ming! Ming! " Cried quietly. When the fire was at its peak, everyone led a handful of straw, and kept saying "Big gourd head, small gourd head, money flows home", "Black boy, white boy come to my house to wear a coat" and other words to run home, put the torch behind the stove door, and then put on a "door stopper", hoping that the treasure will not flow out, and it is expected to be eaten and clothed in the new year. At night, they began to observe the old age and avoid saying unlucky things. Male parents often sat next to the "family hall" (the ancestor's spiritual place) to offer incense, tea and wine to show that they would celebrate the New Year with their deceased ancestors. Women mostly pack jiaozi, tell stories and tell jokes; Young men and women also play cards, play small games, drink and eat sweets; The whole family is round and round, talking and laughing, and happy. Since the 198s, with the popularity of TV sets, watching TV on New Year's Eve, especially watching CCTV's Spring Festival Gala, has become the main content of people's birthday celebrations.

New Year's Eve is what people call 3 years old. There are some differences in time in different places in Dongying, but it is all on this day that the older elders lead the family, old and young, and bring steamed pasta, wine and firecrackers to their ancestors' graves. In this way, they pay a new year call to their deceased ancestors in advance and tell them that the new year has begun. Next, the family began to prepare for the New Year's Eve. This New Year's Eve dinner should be eaten slowly, from the time when the lantern is lit, and some families have to eat it until late at night, waiting for the New Year's bell to ring, and each family will set off firecrackers in the yard. However, in some counties and villages in Dongying, the old custom is still followed. It is believed that the respect for the god of wealth should be the first, and firecrackers should be set off behind. This means that if you want to make a fortune, firecrackers will not be sincere until the end, so the firecrackers will last for about half an hour when the New Year bell rings.

There is a custom around Huaguan and Chenguan in Guangrao. After eating the New Year's Eve, each family goes out, lights a fire at their own door, gathers around the blazing fire, prays for blessings, and the children set off firecrackers, which pushes the lively atmosphere of New Year's Eve to the climax. This activity lasts for about an hour.

Up to now, the immigrants from southwest Shandong in Kenli area still maintain the customs of their hometown. From the eve of New Year's Eve, the Chinese New Year has gradually reached its climax. At this time, a long "door-blocking stick" will be placed horizontally in front of every house, on the one hand, to prevent ghosts from entering the hospital, on the other hand, to stop financial resources and luck at home. Put two steamed buns in the pot to "press the pot" so as to have food all year round. On the first day of the first month, neighbors should compare who gets up the earliest, because getting up earlier means that the new year will be better, so before dawn, people will flock to visit each other, and the host will take out the best candy and cigarettes at home to welcome the guests. First of all, you should pay homage to the old people when you pay a New Year call, but at this time, what you have to ask is not the usual pleasantries, but: "Do the old people get up early? How many bowls of jiaozi did you eat? " Old people will tell you cheerfully that they get up early and eat a lot to show that they are strong.

there is a custom of "begging for a long time in the fifth watch of the Spring Festival" among the immigrants in southwest Shandong. After getting up, the children silently hugged Ailanthus altissima and sang "Ailanthus altissima King, you grow thick and I grow, you grow thick and make materials, and I grow and wear clothes".

In the old custom, the Spring Festival begins at : on the first day of the lunar new year, and the male parents give paper horses. There is a folk saying that the earlier you give paper horses, the more you eat in jiaozi, the healthier you will be. Some people give paper horses before midnight, which is called "grabbing the New Year". The matriarch cooks jiaozi, the children and grandchildren set off firecrackers, and the whole family burns paper to make incense in front of the shrine, worships the "family hall", and then enters the New Year's Eve. Put a fire whip before opening the door, and then you can speak. Men worship the gods of heaven and earth under the leadership of parents. [Page]

Before dawn, families cook jiaozi, set off firecrackers, and housewives give money and food to pray for peace and prosperity for a year. The first meal of the Spring Festival is jiaozi. When cooking jiaozi, set off firecrackers. In order to drive away evil and seek good luck, sesame stalks are used to cook jiaozi in some areas, which means that the new year is like sesame blossoms, and the days are getting better and better. Jiaozi has to cook much more, and there must be more than enough. After dinner, steamed bread should be put in the pot, which means more than enough. After the dumplings are cooked, first hold a bowl of respect for heaven and earth, and then hold a bowl of respect for the kitchen king. When eating, in addition to one bowl per person, one or two bowls should be served, in order to hope that the population will prosper. Eating jiaozi is full of festive atmosphere. In the Spring Festival, jiaozi is full of money, dates, chestnuts, etc. Eating red dates means that you can get up early in the new year and work hard to get rich; Eating chestnuts means that you can make great efforts and sweat in the new year; If you eat peanuts, you can live a long life; If you eat money, you can get rich. No matter who eats which kind, everyone sincerely congratulates. If the child gets the money, the parents are even more happy. They think that the child is promising. Besides encouragement, they should also be rewarded with money to show their congratulations. Many places eat vegetarian stuffing jiaozi on the first day of the month, which means "a quiet year".