Style characteristics of Ansai waist drum

Ansai waist drum is famous for its unique style, boldness, boldness and grandeur. It organically combines yangko and martial arts movements, which fully shows the simple, brave and optimistic character of the people in the Yellow Land. The performance of Ansai waist drum is not limited by venue and number of people. Performances can be performed on roads, squares and stages. You can play alone, two people, dozens or even hundreds of people. Singers jump and spin across, sometimes like clear dragonflies, sometimes like spring swallowing mud, sometimes like fierce horses galloping, and sometimes like tigers showing their power; During the team battle, you can change all kinds of wonderful patterns, such as wild horses and rabbits cross-country.

Waist drum

Ansai waist drum is divided into two types: penny drum and snare drum drum. The drum is mainly twisted and tapped with heavy twisting. Give priority to martial arts and drums, with heavy beating and light twisting. Ansai waist drum is fast-releasing and fast-closing, changing rapidly, natural and generous, cheerful and smooth, flexible and flexible. In the process of development and evolution, it combines dance, martial arts, gymnastics, percussion, percussion and folk songs, making its own content and form richer and more ornamental and entertaining.

Ansai waist drum mostly adopts the form of collective performance, and drummers (called drums or drums) range from dozens to hundreds. The team includes the roles of flower-pulling actress, umbrella head, savage woman and savage man, as well as various small programs such as donkey running and water boat, forming a mighty folk dance team. The performance emphasizes the overall effect, requiring uniform movements and standardized formation changes. The masculine beauty of men living on the Loess Plateau is fully demonstrated by the drummer's bold and rough dance and powerful drumming skills.

custom

Ansai waist drum has a complete performance program and activity custom. In the past, most of them performed in festive festivals and temple fairs, and the Spring Festival to Lantern Festival was a concentrated activity time every year. Before the activity begins, the chairman of the temple fair (elected by each village) will organize a sacrificial activity, which is called "Miao Yi Temple": the dance team, led by the umbrella head, beats gongs and drums, plays suona, and sometimes brings offerings such as whole pigs and whole sheep to the temple to burn incense and worship the gods, praying for the gods to bless the good weather, the country and the people. And played in the square of the temple for a while to entertain the gods. After the temple fair, after the eighth and ninth days of the first month, the waist drum team began to pay New Year greetings from door to door, commonly known as along the door. There is a local proverb: gongs and drums suona ring straight, and the stick is pried under the ass! The crowd could not sit still. At this time, the waist drum team walked around the village in turn and performed in front of the main courtyard and kiln for a while. According to the situation of each family, the umbrella head sang several auspicious yangko songs to express the meaning of the New Year. The main family thinks that the waist drum team can knock, jump and sing at home, which can eliminate disasters and take refuge, and can be safe all year round. This may be the legacy of Nuo customs in ancient rural areas. Sometimes the waist drums of the two teams will meet on the way. Generally, umbrellas sing yangko to each other to celebrate the New Year and make way for each other. However, sometimes there will be situations where there is no compromise. At this moment, we must compete and compete. Two teams of gongs and drums are loud, suona sound and waist drum sound, like spring thunder rolling. Drummers beat and dance as much as they like, like crazy, until the climax, the drum music will take a break, and the umbrellas of both sides will duet, which is also an aspect of the competition skills. Until there is a team whose horns are confused first, whose movements are uneven, whose drums and formations are not uniform, or whose songs cannot be correctly aligned, even if they lose, they will take the initiative to give way and let the winner go first.

After the gate is over, the waist drum teams in neighboring villages will also pay New Year greetings to each other, exchange visits and perform exchange performances, which, like the northern Shaanxi Yangko, are called colorful gates. On the fifteenth day of the first month, the village waist drum teams gathered in the square and began to compete with each other. Drummers from all walks of life show their skills and compete with each other, which becomes the climax of waist drum performance in a year. This not only enlivened the rural cultural activities during the Spring Festival, but also promoted the popularization and improvement of waist drum through mutual observation and learning skills. There will also be a lantern turn (also known as the Nine Songs Turn) that night, and almost everyone will compete for a turn, and the whole family will turn. At that time, drums will ring, lights will flash, waist drum team will lead in front, and then everyone will present a lively and extraordinary scene.

The activities of the waist drum team often last until the 17th and 18th of the first month, and the sacrifice to the land god ends. Since then, the villagers have set their minds at ease to prepare for spring ploughing production.

Form of performance

The performance forms of waist drum can be roughly divided into road drum and venue drum.

Road drum is a performance form of waist drum team jumping while walking. There are two umbrella heads leading the dance in front, followed by a dance team composed of two umbrella heads, and the second one behind the umbrella head is called the head drum. He must be a skilled drummer, and the movement changes and rhythm of the whole team are slow, so he is responsible. Behind the parade, there are clowns dressed as barbarians and barbarians, as well as the Monkey King and Pig Bajie who are dressed as Tang Priest to learn from the scriptures, twisting and teasing at will to add festive atmosphere. Because the road drum is performed on the road, the general action is simple and the amplitude is small. Do more striding, walking and riding around the waist? Wait for action. Commonly used formations are single crossing, double crossing, single dragon wagging tail, double dragon wagging tail and so on.

Field drum refers to the performance form after the waist drum team arrives at the performance site and opens the venue. At first, the umbrella head waved an umbrella order, and immediately drums and music sounded, and dancers danced with the umbrella head. This section is called stepping on the big field, and the performance rhythm is slow. The purpose is to open the venue, open the team and stabilize the audience's mood. In the second paragraph, singing and dancing, the performance rhythm is getting faster and faster, the movement range is bigger, and the formation changes greatly. Commonly used formations include a sacred building and an ancient temple, in front of which hangs a gold medal, a bustling and endless head, and a monk. After the introduction of the solar arc pattern, the umbrella head stands in the center of the venue to lead the yangko, and the lyrics depend on the occasion and object. When worshipping the temple fair, there are offerings to worship the temple fair, and general performances include New Year greetings, celebrating the harvest and wishing good luck. When the umbrella head sings, the dancer slowly turns around on the sidelines and repeats the last sentence of each paragraph, commonly known as the back tone. After singing, the umbrella head withdrew from the venue, drums and flowers were carried into the venue to perform, and various complex and changeable formations were stepped out. At this moment, regardless of the time limit, the dancers showed their unique skills incisively and vividly, and their emotions were warm and ups and downs, pushing the performance to a climax.

In order to highlight the skill of drum set, Ansai Waist Drum is performed alone in the venue. Drummers are in high spirits and dancing wildly under the command of Reuters Drum. At this time, I saw drumsticks waving, colored silks flying, drums thundering, shaking the earth, imposing and extremely infectious.

After this period of time, other forms of small programs will be performed, such as donkey running, water boat, stilts, ghost fighting and big-head monk dance dancing. The number of program forms depends on the talents and conditions of each village. After the mini-play, perform a big waist drum. At this moment, the gongs and drums are playing fast, the suona is blowing tightly, the drums are playing harder and the mood is more cheerful, which makes the whole performance end in a strong atmosphere and high mood.

Style rhythm

Ansai waist drum is divided into Wen and Wu according to different styles and rhythms. The waist drum is relaxed and cheerful, chic and lively, with small movement range, similar to the style of yangko; The waist drum is cheerful, fierce, rough and unrestrained, with great kicking, jumping and rotating movements, especially the drummer's leap skills, which gives people a feeling of bravery and agitation. Wen and Wu waist drums gradually combined to form a new style, with the most distinctive features of Xihekou Township and Zhenwu Cave in Ansai. They vividly reflect the simple temperament and personality characteristics of the local people. Especially in the performance, folk martial arts and yangko movements are organically combined, relaxed and lively without confusion, advancing and retreating in an orderly manner, magnificent and magnificent. The masses praised his generosity and hard work.

trait

The style characteristics of Ansai waist drum can be summarized as follows:

1. Express the dancer's heart through the change of dynamic rhythm. Dancers can't help shaking their heads and shoulders slightly when beating drums, so that inner feelings and external movements can be organically combined to achieve harmony and freedom.

2. Dancers waved mallets and beat drums violently. Throw away the gavel with both hands, whether it's hitting up, down or around the waist. However, although ruthless but not barbaric, it looks tall and straight, and there is still a delicate feeling in its fierce power;

3. When kicking, whether it is a big kick, a small kick or a kick, you must have strong energy. The rhythm is cheerful and difficult, which represents Ansai's rough, bold and vigorous style. 4. Drumming and turning around is the key to Ansai's waist drum performance. When doing squat kick in dance, there must be a turn, and this turn must be very fierce. Especially when doing a set of action combinations of jumping, landing, turning and starting at the same time, it is necessary to use fast and fierce power to complete the change and convergence of actions in a fixed beat;

5. The dynamic law is complex and the jumping range is large. With the acceleration of the performance rhythm, the dance steps began to kick and jump in a complicated way, and the range of body swinging from side to side increased. For example, when doing kicking, turning and jumping with horse stance, the dancer jumps backward twice with lunge, and then strides forward with his left leg, pushing his right leg to the ground with great strength, showing a state of tenacious struggle.

The costume wearing drums is similar to that of a martial artist in China's traditional drama, wearing tight black clothes. Wearing a straw hat ring; Grow a beard, your face should be red, your eyebrows should be thick, and your beard should be spread out during the performance. With the changes of the times, dancers' costumes are also changing. The waist drum costumes in Xihekou Township are close to life, while the costumes of Zhenwudong waist drum team; It still retains the costume of an ancient warrior, wearing a hero scarf, a tunic skirt and red tassel shoes, quite like soldiers and generals who fought in the battlefield in ancient times.

Ansai waist drum is dominated by the dancers' own drum beat, accompanied by folk advocacy bands, including drums, cymbals and gongs. , and suona playing Qupai, commonly used (Soushan Order).