Computer structure and working principle?

The computer structure includes hardware system and software system. Its working principle is to perform data operations and logic processing according to the instructions issued in the memory to complete the specified operations. The details are as follows:

Computer hardware includes power supply, motherboard, CPU, monitor, memory, hard disk, sound card, etc. Computer software includes operating system, system software, language processing system, database management system, service program, etc. wait.

The basic working principle of the computer:

When the computer is running, it first fetches the first instruction from the memory, decodes it through the controller, and reads it from the memory according to the requirements of the instruction. The data is taken out and processed by specified calculations and logical operations, and then the results are sent to the memory according to the address.

Next, take out the second instruction and complete the specified operation under the command of the controller. Continue accordingly. Until a stop command is encountered. Programs are accessed like data. According to the sequence of programming, instructions are taken out step by step and the operations specified by the instructions are automatically completed.

Extended information

The characteristics of computers during operation are:

1. The computer automatically performs rapid calculation and processing of data according to people's predetermined arrangements. . People's predetermined arrangements are expressed through a series of instructions, and this sequence of instructions is called a program. An instruction specifies that the computer performs a basic operation and basic function.

2. Computers use binary form to represent data and instructions.

3. When the computer executes the program and processes the data, it must load the program and data from the external memory into the main memory, so that the computer can automatically adjust the instructions to be fetched from the memory and executed during operation. .

4. The computer hardware system consists of five major components: arithmetic unit, memory, controller, input device, and output device, and their basic functions are specified.

5. When the computer executes the program and processes the data, it must load the program and data from the external memory into the main memory. Only then can the computer be able to automatically adjust and fetch instructions from the memory and execute them when working. .

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