The living environment of pteridophytes

Ferns succumb to seed plants in the competition for survival, and usually grow in a dark and humid environment under the forest. A few drought-tolerant varieties can grow on dry hillsides, roadsides and in front of and behind houses.

In fact, ferns are almost everywhere except the sea, deep water, barren desert and long-term frozen soil.

From the seashore to the mountains, from wetlands and lakes to plains and hills, there are traces of ferns everywhere.

Some of them crawl or stand upright on the surface of the earth, some grow in crevices or stone walls, some attach to or cling to tree trunks, and a few species grow in seaside, ponds, paddy fields or wetland grass.

Most ferns are herbs, and a few species, such as Alsophila spinulosa, can grow from several meters to more than ten meters high.

Extended data:

Classification of pteridophytes:

It consists of five classes, namely: Pteridoptera, Lycopodium, Isoetes, Equisetum (Wedelia, Arthropoda) and Pteridoptera. The first four types are lobular ferns, which are primitive and ancient ferns, and there are few existing ferns.

Pteridium aquilinum is a kind of large leaf fern, which is the most thoroughly evolved fern in modern times and the most prosperous fern. Qin Renchang, a pteridologist in China, divided pteridophytes into five subphylums, that is, all the above five classes were upgraded to subphylums.

Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia-Pteridophytes