What do Inner Mongolians think of Outer Mongolia?

Based on what I heard from my classmates in Inner Mongolia, Ye Jing’s history reminds me of a joke. An international student in Beijing said, “We outsiders in Beijing look down on the outsiders in Shanghai at all”!

Although Inner Mongolia and Mongolia both share the blood of Genghis Khan, due to historical reasons, they are no longer strangers.

So, how do Inner Mongolians in China view Outer Mongolians?

Of course it’s a stranger and disdain!

Why is this? Shi Jing believes that there are profound historical reasons:

1. The division and merger of Mongolia

As a nomadic nation, Mongolia has been unknown for a long time. Starting from the 12th century, with the decline of Khitan, various Mongolian tribes gradually developed and became the masters of the Mongolian Plateau.

During the Jin Dynasty, Mongolia was a vassal state of the Jin State. Since the Yong Dynasty, the Jin State has gone to Mongolia every three years to carry out "subjugation" massacres, and the conflicts between the various Mongolian tribes and the Jin State have become increasingly fierce.

In 106 AD, Genghis Khan established the Mongolian Khanate and unified the Mongolian Plateau. Mongolia officially entered the stage of history as a political power. Immediately, a powerful force broke out in the unified Mongolia, swept across Asia and Europe, and established an unprecedented huge empire.

However, due to the backwardness of Mongolian governance methods and the inherent shortcomings of the youngest son guarding the stove, the Mongol Khanate finally began to split in 1259. When the Yuan Dynasty was established in 1271, the four great khanates attacked each other and became strangers.

From the perspective of historical development, the Mongols and even the nomadic peoples are born with the gene of division due to their primitive and backward organizational form, so the greatness of Genghis Khan is self-evident!

After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty in 368, the Yuan Dynasty retreated to the north of the Great Wall and confronted the Ming Dynasty in the form of the Northern Yuan Dynasty. In 388, the Ming Dynasty general Lan Yu defeated the Yuan army at the Pu'er Diaoyu Sea in Lu Mei. The Northern Yuan Dynasty was destroyed, and Mongolia returned to the state of primitive tribes such as Tatar and Walla!

Later, Tatar and Vara changed and fought a border war with the Ming Dynasty for more than 200 years!

After the decline of Wala, the tribes moved westward to the Western Regions. The Tatar tribe split into two parts, Monan Mongolia and Mobei Mongolia, in the late Ming Dynasty.

Because Monan Mongolia is located on the edge of the Great Wall, close to the Central Plains, and has a relatively suitable climate, Monan Mongolia has a large population and a developed economy. Among them, Chahar is a direct descendant of the Golden Family, that is, a direct descendant of Genghis Khan. !

However, due to its proximity to the Central Plains, Monan Mongolia first suffered the impact of the late Jin Dynasty during its expansion. In 1635, Hou Jin conquered Monan Mongolia and implemented the alliance flag system in Monan Mongolia. From then on, Monan Mongolia became a staunch ally of Hou Jin.

In 1644, the Qing army entered the Pass and began to establish rule across the country. At this time, Mobei Mongolia, also known as Khalkha Mongolia, was a vassal state of the Qing Dynasty, but it was not directly ruled by the Qing Dynasty. It was not until Emperor Kangxi convened the "Duolun League" in 1691 that he announced his attachment to Mobei Mongolia.

Because Mobei Mongolia belongs to the later Qing Dynasty and its geographical location is more remote than Monan Mongolia, the relationship between Mobei Mongolia and the Qing Dynasty is further than that of Monan Mongolia.

Due to the close relationship between Monan Mongolia and the Qing Dynasty and its proximity to Han areas, Monan Mongolia became more Sinicized in the process of historical development. In contrast, Mobei Mongolia, which is located on the Mongolian Plateau, can only develop animal husbandry, so it is more like a "real Mongolian"!

But Monan Mongolia will always be the successor of orthodox Mongolia!

It should be said that from the late Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, Monan Mongolia and Mobei Mongolia parted ways.

2. Mongolia’s separation at home and abroad

However, historical development in modern times has completely torn Mongolia into two ethnic groups.

In 1911, the Revolution of 1911 broke out. Russia took the opportunity to incite the Eighth Kulun Living Buddha Jebtsundamba to proclaim himself emperor and openly declared the independence of Mobei Mongolia, causing an uproar throughout the country.

The independence of Mobei Mongolia is the beginning of Mongolia’s independent nation-building.

Although Xu Shuzheng regained Mobei Mongolia in 1919, Mongolia's independence was inevitable

In 1921, Russell Red Qiao Balsan led the Soviet army into North Korea to expel the White Army, and then Jebzundamba He died of illness, and in 1924 Mongolia was established as the Republic of China!

During the Republic of China, although Mongolia enjoyed the sovereignty of the Republic of China, it formed a de facto independent kingdom. In 1945, Stalin forced Chiang Ching-kuo to sign the independence of Outer Mongolia, and then Outer Mongolia voted for independence!

In 1961, under the hostage of the United States, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to allow Mongolia to join the United Nations. Mongolia's independence was recognized by the world!

From 1911 to 1991, from Russia to the Soviet Union, Russia’s influence on Mongolia was profound and comprehensive.

Among them, in order to strengthen control over Mongolia, Stalin carried out all-round control over Mongolia:

Economic control

Expulsion of third country capital and control of Mongolian financial rights ;

Political support

Select Mongolian elites to study brainwashing in the Soviet Union, and then join the top management of Mongolia after returning to achieve the purpose of controlling Mongolia's domestic and foreign affairs;

Cultural castration

Prohibit the culture related to Genghis Khan, abolish the Mongolian language, and promote the Russian Slavic language, making Mongolia a rootless water;

Ideological strangulation

Forcibly screen citizens and execute them A large number of so-called "rightists" executed a large number of Mongolian lamas and princes;

Bloodline Control

Ordered Mongolian high-level officials to intermarry with the Soviets and used the blood of "blood marriage" to control the whole of Mongolia;

Bloodline Control

p>

Through a series of means, Mongolia became the de facto 16th member of the Soviet Union.

At the same time, Inner Mongolia is also approaching the Chinese family step by step. As early as the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty divided Mongolia into Outer Mongolia and Inner Mongolia. Among them, in Chahar area and other places, mobile officers are directly set up for management, instead of Zhasak in Outer Mongolia implementing autonomy. Due to the governance of mobile officials, Inner Mongolia became a direct administrative region of the Qing Dynasty and its economy developed rapidly.

Most of Inner Mongolia belongs to Inner Mongolia.

After the founding of the Republic of China. In order to strengthen control over Mongolia, the "Mongolian province establishment" system was implemented and four provinces were established: Rehe, Chahar, Suiyuan, and Ningxia, collectively known as the "Four Great Wall Provinces." After the September 18th Incident, Inner Mongolia became one of the battlefields, including the Great Wall Anti-Japanese War and the Duolun Anti-Japanese War. In Inner Mongolia, the "Puppet Mongolian Military Government" and the "Puppet Mongolian United Autonomous Government" also appeared one after another. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Ulanhu established the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in eastern Inner Mongolia in 1947. This was China's first autonomous region, marking the beginning of a new life for Inner Mongolia!

After a series of events in modern times, Inner Mongolia has been developing rapidly. Today, Inner Mongolia has a population of more than 25 million, and its per capita GDP is much higher than that of Mongolia. Because Mongolia has been squeezed by the Soviet Union for a long time, its population has always been at a very low level. Today, it barely exceeds 3 million. Moreover, the overload of animal husbandry has led to the deterioration of the ecological environment and serious desertification in most areas of China!

After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Mongolia began to implement the "third neighbor" strategy and became very close to the United States and Japan. However, despite receiving so much financial aid, Mongolia’s economy is still in shambles!

It can be said that the history of Mongolia is a history of continuous alienation and total westernization. The history of Inner Mongolia is the history of continuous Chineseization and finally belonging to the Chinese family!

According to my classmates, the Inner Mongolians do not regard the Mongolians as their compatriots and have no sympathy for their poverty!

In today's affluent and confident atmosphere, Inner Mongolians are even more disdainful and contemptuous of Mongolians. As for Mongolia's so-called status in the world, the people of Inner Mongolia are not envious. After all, where the national power lies, it is definitely better to stand behind China than to be pinched!

I am Mongolian. As a Mongolian, my personal experience is that the Mongolians in my family have very complicated feelings towards Mongolia. Hate, envy, slander, jealousy, etc. Of course, the Mongolians in Outer Mongolia also have very complicated psychology towards the Mongolians in China. This phenomenon has very complex historical, political and economic reasons.

First of all, Outer Mongolia is the only country in the world that is dominated by Mongolians. They have more international say than Inner Mongolians, which can easily arouse the public outrage of all Mongolians. But the Mongols are proud and look down on us. Secondly, due to historical reasons, Outer Mongolia tends to be Russianized or Westernized, while Inner Mongolia tends to be Sinicized, resulting in different mainstream cultural and social ideas. So both of them love and hate each other, and like to regard themselves as the mainstream of the Mongolian community. There are also economic reasons for mutual disdain. Of course, as a cultural community, we still have many similarities, as can be seen from the frequent and extensive exchanges between Inner Mongolia and Mongolia. Personally, I yearn for the living environment and lifestyle of the people there, and I feel sad for their economic and political instability.

What’s more, as a Mongolian, I am very disgusted with the Internet

As a Mongolian from Inner Mongolia, what I want to say is:

1. The Golden Family It is the general name for Genghis Khan and his descendants. The Golden Family is only a minority among Mongolians, and most Mongolians are ordinary people like me. The Golden Family cannot represent all of Mongolia. The Golden Family represents the legitimacy and legitimacy of the ruler. Therefore, the Golden Family does not represent the legitimacy of the Mongols. Mongolia has never been divided into orthodox and collateral factions, only. Individuals were divided into nobles, commoners and slaves. Rulers divide the legality and illegality of rule.

2. The Mongols are a very large nation. Mongolia is not only the Inner Mongolians of China, but also the Oirat Mongols of Xinjiang, the Dedu Mongols of Qinghai, the Khalkha Mongols of Mongolia, the Kalmyk Mongols of the Russian Federation, the Buryat Mongols of Altay, and the Tuscan Mongols. A series of groups including the Wa Mongols. We have the same culture, beliefs and lifestyle, but due to historical reasons, we are scattered in different countries and regions.

3. Since Genghis Khan ordered the Naiman Buddhists to create Mongolian language in Uighur language, Mongolian language has experienced a long historical evolution and innovation. Therefore, the Uyghur Mongolian language used in China is not the only language that represents Mongolian, but the language that has been used the longest. During the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan ordered Buddhist Yuba to create Yuba with reference to Sanskrit and Tibetan, which was the national script of the Yuan Dynasty. Later, in order to facilitate the recording of Virat dialect, Namuhaizhamusu, the living Buddha of Virat, created Tote script. Ayouxi, a Buddhist teacher in the Yuan Dynasty, coined the term Ali Gali in order to facilitate the translation of Buddhist scriptures. In order to facilitate the translation of Buddhist scriptures, Halka Living Buddha Nezha Basir created the Suyongbu script, which is the text on the Mongolian flag now. It is the first character of the Suyongbu script. Under the influence of the Soviet Union, Mongolia created Cyrillic Mongolian. These words are symbols that record Mongolian language, and there is no distinction between high and low.

4. Mongolians are scattered in many countries and regions in Central Asia and East Asia, and we have a strong centripetal force. As a people, there is nothing wrong with that. We respect history and we do not have a unified goal or proposition. We just want to live peacefully and happily on the land of our ancestors. Therefore, some ultra-nationalists do not need to shout the slogan "You are not my race, your heart is different" every time they see Mongolian information.

I am from Inner Mongolia and can answer.

The concept of "Inner Mongolians" is actually unscientific, because Inner Mongolia is too big and spans too long from east to west. The easternmost end is connected to Heilongjiang and Russia, and the westernmost end is across the river from Gansu and Xinjiang. Even the birth of modern Inner Mongolia itself is the result of the game between all parties. Languages, scripts, cultural identities and even races are different. How can we have a consistent attitude towards a country like Outer Mongolia?

First of all, from an ethnic perspective, the main ethnic group in Inner Mongolia is the Han, accounting for more than 80%, and there are more than 17% of Mongolian compatriots, reaching more than 5 million people, as well as a large number of other ethnic groups.

Due to their national and cultural identities, their attitudes towards Mongolia are also different. As far as I know, the Han people generally view Outer Mongolia from a geographical and historical perspective, thinking that it is a distant country that has nothing to do with them, or a province of China that is isolated overseas. These two extreme emotions exist among the Han people in Inner Mongolia. Even I have Han friends who have been determined to regain Kulun and pacify Mobei since childhood.

I also have many Mongolian friends, and their attitudes are quite complicated.

Based on my description, what do you think we can do for Mongolia?

After my ancestors came to Inner Mongolia through the west entrance, I was a businessman, providing logistics for businessmen traveling in Mongolia, and was also a large landowner. My friends and teachers often do business and give lectures in and outside Mongolia, and some Mongolian friends go to Outer Mongolia to study. How to say it? Outer Mongolia feels strange yet familiar. Sometimes it is closer than many distant southern provinces, and sometimes it is further than the United States, which is thousands of miles away. It seems to me like one of our friends, hanging alone overseas, not a stranger, but gradually forgotten.