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Eight planets orbiting the sun

The eight planets orbiting the sun are Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

1, mercury

Mercury is the innermost and smallest planet among the eight planets in the solar system, and it also has the largest orbital eccentricity among the eight planets. Mercury is a planet similar to the earth. Because it is close to the sun, it will only appear as a morning star or a dark star at dusk.

Mercury is usually invisible in the sun unless there is a solar eclipse. Mercury is still the planet with the largest temperature difference among the eight planets. The temperature under direct sunlight during the day is as high as 427 degrees Celsius, and when the sun is not shining at night, the temperature drops to MINUS 173 degrees Celsius.

2. Venus

Venus is the closest planet to the Earth. In ancient China, it was called Chang Gung, Qi Ming, Taibai or Taibai Venus. Venus is a terrestrial planet and the only planet in the solar system without a magnetic field.

Among the eight planets, Venus's orbit is the closest to a circle, and its eccentricity is the smallest, only 0.7%. Venus and Uranus rotate in the same direction, from east to west, but in opposite directions to other planets.

3. Earth

According to the distance from the sun, the earth ranks third among the eight planets. It has a natural satellite-the moon, which constitutes a celestial system similar to earth-moon system. As the hometown of human beings, the earth is the only celestial body in the universe where life is known.

4. Mars

According to the distance from the sun, Mars ranks fourth and is the closest exoplanet to the Earth. Mars is characterized by its surface covered with craters, volcanoes and canyons, including Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in the solar system, and Mariner Canyon, the largest canyon.

Another unique topographical feature of Mars is the obvious difference between the northern and southern hemispheres. The south is an ancient highland covered with craters, while the north is a younger plain.

5. Jupiter

Jupiter is the largest and fastest rotating planet among the eight planets in the solar system. Its mass is one thousandth of that of the sun, but it is 2.5 times that of the other seven planets in the solar system. Jupiter is a gas giant planet mainly composed of hydrogen and helium. Jupiter's great red spot on the planet's surface is a characteristic sign, and so are its numerous satellites.

6.saturn

Saturn is second only to Jupiter in size, and is a woody planet with Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune.

When it comes to Saturn, the first feature that people think of is its beautiful Saturn ring, which is the most prominent and obvious one among the planets of the solar system rings. Its halo structure is complex and diverse, interlocking and even countless, which looks more like the spiral texture of a huge compact record.

All Saturn's rings are made up of fragments with different thicknesses, ranging in size from tens of meters to several centimeters or even smaller. They are covered with an ice shell, which forms a bright halo due to the sunlight.

7. Uranus

The characteristics of Uranus are obvious among the eight planets, that is, the inclination between its equatorial plane and its orbital plane reaches 97 55', as if Uranus were "lying and turning" on the orbital plane.

8. Neptune

Neptune is a distant planet among the eight planets, with a brightness of 7.85, which can only be seen through a telescope. Neptune has the strongest storm in the solar system, and the measured wind speed is as high as 2 100 km per hour. Because it is farthest from the sun, Neptune's surface is also one of the coldest regions in the solar system.

Neptune is the only planet discovered through mathematical prediction rather than systematic observation. Astronomers use the disturbance of Uranus orbit to infer the existence and possible orientation of Neptune. So far, only Voyager 2 has visited Neptune on August 25th, 1989.