Design of "model" teaching plan for ninth grade Chinese

"One mold" comes from the biography of Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms period, volume 35. This is a letter written by Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu Han, to Liu Chan, the former emperor, before the Northern Expedition to the Central Plains. This paper expounds the necessity of the Northern Expedition and the expectation of the former emperor Liu Chan, and his words are sincere, showing Zhuge Liang's loyalty. The following is the teaching plan design of the ninth grade Chinese "Master List", welcome to read for reference!

Academic goal

First, understand Zhuge Liang's desire to unify China, be close to virtuous officials, stay away from flatterers, be strict in rewards and punishments, be open-minded, and critically inherit his spirit of "doing my best until I die".

Second, learn the lyrical and narrative writing style, as well as the characteristics of simple language and sincere feelings.

Third, understand the relevant knowledge of "table" and master the flexible use of adjectives and the usage of "one".

Teaching assumption

First introduce the background, dredge the meaning of the text, break through the key words, and then let the students understand the main idea through repeated reading.

Second, adopt the teaching method of "reading, speaking and discussing", and experience the author's thoughts and feelings and the artistic characteristics of the article in the process of reading, speaking and discussing.

Third, the focus of the text is the first part. On the premise of clarifying the first part, the second part can be taught through practice, and the third part allows students to read and recite by themselves.

Class arrangement: four class hours.

first kind

First, introduce new lessons.

Zhuge Liang is the embodiment of China people's wisdom. Well-known stories such as "Three Visits to Maolu", "Burning Red Cliff" and "Six Visits to Qishan" are well-known in China. Zhuge Liang's literary talent and strategy are fascinating. He wrote a model, which is the first-class masterpiece since the end of Han Dynasty. The article is simple and sincere, and its ambition is smooth, which is admired by future generations. As the saying goes, "Exactly the same real name, after a thousand years, who can match it" (Lu You's Anger), "Still the same, make the devil cry, heroic" (Wen Tianxiang's Song of Righteousness). Today, we will learn this masterpiece. (blackboard writing)

Second, the teacher should read the full text (preferably by reciting) with cadence and emotion, so that students can have passion.

Third, solve the problem.

1 What is a "table"? What are the characteristics of this style?

Clarity: extension, a style written to the emperor in ancient times. In ancient China, courtiers wrote letters to the monarch in various names. During the Warring States period, they were collectively called "books", such as Li Si's book of remonstration and expulsion. In the Han dynasty, this writing method was divided into four categories: chapter, performance, expression and discussion. "With a grateful heart, play with disintegration, express feelings and discuss differences." (Wen Xin Diao Long) In addition, there is an article devoted to state affairs, also called "Biao". The basic feature of "Biao" is "moving with emotion" and "Biao" is a sentence that Zhuge Liang said to (Liu) before the Northern Expedition.

2. In what mood did Zhuge Liang write the model?

Clear: Realizing national reunification is Liu Bei's legacy. In order to realize the last wish of the first emperor, Zhuge Liang decided to attack Wei under the condition that the strategic rear area was increasingly consolidated. Empress Liu was incompetent and listened to the treacherous court official, which became the worry of the Northern Expedition. Zhuge Liang wrote this article before starting his official career, persuading his successor with sincere words, speaking openly, strictly rewarding and punishing, and getting close to sages, so as to cultivate politics and complete the great cause of "prospering Han"; It also expressed Zhuge Liang's sincere feelings and determination to "set the Central Plains in the north" in return for the kindness of his ancestors.

Fourth, analyze the structure and summarize the paragraphs.

Regarding the structure of this article, the teacher should guide the students to focus on the word "introduction". Specifically, first, look at the author's arrangement of domestic political affairs after graduation; Second, it depends on the author's explanation of the reasons for starting a business. When these two questions are clarified, the context of the full text is clearly displayed.

Clear: This article can be divided into three parts.

The first part (paragraph 1-5), from the current situation, persuades the former emperor to inherit the legacy of the former emperor, and puts forward three suggestions: escorting the way, strictly rewarding and punishing, and getting close to the former sages.

The second part (paragraphs 6 and 7) traces back to the past experience and expresses the sincere feelings of "serving the first emperor and being loyal to your majesty" and the determination of "setting the Central Plains in the north" and "revitalizing the Han Dynasty".

The third part (paragraphs 8 and 9) clarifies the responsibilities of all parties, puts forward sincere expectations for the late owner, and summarizes the full text.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Read paragraph 1.

1 Students read paragraph 1 by themselves against their notes. Teacher's supplementary opinion.

Weakness: Weakness and drowsiness. Cheng: Indeed, indeed.

Critical life: the situation crisis determines life and death. I should.

Perseverance: Never slack off and be loyal to your duties. Guard minister: a close minister who accompanies and defends the emperor.

Loyal people: loyal soldiers. Ambition is the heart of a scholar. Forgetting: despair. Change: adverb, the original intention is to explain the reason. Chasing: Memories. Report: repayment.

Sage: an ancient courtier's title of respect for the emperor. Brilliance: carry forward the lofty ideal spirit.

Despise yourself: underestimate yourself too much. Suggestion: I give advice to the emperor.

Students say the main idea.

3 discuss the problem:

(1) Why is it called "the autumn of critical survival"? Why do you say "run out of profits"?

Qing: It is said to be "the autumn of critical survival" because: ① the first emperor collapsed halfway; ② Three points in the world; ③ Yizhou dried up.

Zhuge Liang's strategic thought is to unite with Wu and resist Cao. However, in the battle of xiāo Pavilion (now Yidu, Hubei Province) (that is, Romance of the Three Kingdoms), Wu's story of "careless loss of Jingzhou" and "burning the camp for 800 miles" captured the whole territory of Jingzhou, and Yizhou strongmen and southern Yi rulers also took the opportunity to launch a rebellion. At this time, Wei has firmly controlled the central region of the country, that is, the Yellow River Basin, and has obvious political, economic and military advantages. Wu controls the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and his economic strength is relatively strong; Only Shu is located in the southwest corner and is at a disadvantage. So "the profits are exhausted."

(2) Why did Zhuge Liang propose "opening a holy court" to his late master?

Clear: first, carry forward the legacy of the first emperor and inspire the morale of loyal ministers; The second is to avoid blocking the "road of advice." The word "Zhi" expresses the purpose of "following Emperor Chengde first" and can be translated as "Zhi"; The word "righteousness" in "counselor" can be translated as "courage".

Analyze the level of this paragraph.

Blackboard writing:

Sixth, assign homework.

Read and recite paragraph 65438.

Preview paragraphs 2-5.

After class:

Second lesson

First, check the recitation of paragraph 1.

Second, read the second paragraph.

1 Specify the students to say the main idea of this paragraph and prompt the following words:

Palace: refers to officials in the emperor's court. In the government: borrowing officials from the Prime Minister's government.

Imposition of punishment: advocacy, promotion and promotion; Punishment, punishment; Zang, good; No, evil. "Zang" and "Bu" are used as verbs. Together, they will punish those who deny, reward those who are kind and punish those who are evil. Similarities and differences: biased words, meaning "inconsistent"

Zhao: Xiu, Xiu. Adjectives (obviously) are used flexibly as verbs.

2 Analyze the structural level of this paragraph.

Blackboard writing:

Third, read paragraphs 3-5.

After reading 1, say the name of the student and tell the general idea.

2. Teachers focus on related vocabulary:

This is all good: good, kind; Honesty, honesty. Here refers to kind and honest people. Adjectives as verbs. Leave your majesty: leave your majesty, ellipsis.

Make-up: make-up, synonym, subsidy, make-up Gaps, shortcomings and omissions. Que, with "lack". Guangyi: Guangyi is an adjective as a verb, expanding and increasing. Get more results.

Knowledge consultation: knowledge, completeness and completeness; Ask, ask. Learn from them, that is, "learn from them" and ask them all. Location: location. This ancestor Han is so prosperous: this is the reason why the Western Han Dynasty flourished! So, the reason is ... collapse: decline, collapse. I hate Yuhuan and Ling Ye without sighing: I never feel sad and sorry for what Emperor Huan Ling did. This contains the negative lessons that we must learn from the former emperors' "being close to villains and being far from virtuous ministers". It's inconvenient for the author to mention Liu Chan's "villain", so he said that he quoted the former emperor and made Liu Chan think deeply with his "sigh and hate".

3. Analyze the structural levels of these three parts.

Blackboard writing:

Fourth, discuss the problem.

What is Zhuge Liang's main intention (gist) in writing this sentence?

Clear: the main intention is to hope that the late master "is a good minister and a far-reaching villain." The reasons are as follows: (1) "Opening the Temple" and "Strict Reward and Punishment" are aimed at Liu Chan's "pro-villains"; (2) In terms of personnel arrangement, it created conditions for Liu Chan to be a "pro-virtuous minister", emphasizing that pro-virtuous is far from a matter of national survival; (3) The idea of staying away from saints runs through the whole article. Finally, I want Liu Chan to listen to the sage.

Fifth, assign homework.

1, familiar with paragraphs 2-5.

2. Preview the second and third parts.

Kehouji

The third category

First, check the recitation and recite the fifth paragraph by name.

Read paragraph 6 by yourself and complete the following exercise.

1 multiple choice questions.

(1) "average" means ()

A (language, behavior) is bad and immoral.

B is shallow in knowledge.

C has a low status.

D is humble and vulgar.

(2) "Er Lai" means ()

A from then on, b, you come to c, d has never counted.

(3) The following two sentences have the same interpretation of "ancient": ()

Three courtiers were in a thatched cottage.

B There is a wheat field in Gu Ye, where the owner accumulates wages.

General c should handle it.

D people are not as determined as a monk.

(4) In the following sentences, the two sentences that have the same interpretation of "Yi" are ()

The late emperor was not stingy with his ministers.

B a son is far away from the beginning of the day, and Japan is near.

C I want to go to Anling, which has a land of 500 miles.

Wei Jin takes Jiang's opinion.

I will try my best to save our village.

F don't be happy about things, don't feel sorry for yourself.

(5) "Don't ask Wen Da to be a vassal" means ()

A doesn't want to hear about the prince.

B does not seek to be an official among princes.

C don't ask anyone to know that I went to the vassal.

D doesn't want to discuss big things with princes.

(6) the whole sentence means () that "the first emperor had no intention of being a minister ... so he promised the first emperor to drive him away."

A was very talented and had to be valued by the first emperor.

B's three visits to the cottage in those days explained the historical reasons for his loyalty to Shu Han.

Qin Shihuang made full preparations, and he was very grateful.

D praised the former emperor's kindness to meet him and gently criticized the latter for not paying attention to himself.

The word "you" in Twenty Years is the same.

3. Combine the word "consultation" into a two-syllable compound word, and reduce the "three courtiers in the cottage" into an idiom.

Compound words: idioms:

Defeated by orders, endangered by orders.

Reference answer:

1 (1)D (2)A (3)A, C (4)A, F (5)B (6)B 2, 3 consulting three enterprises 4 (omitted)

Third, name the students and talk about the main idea of the seventh paragraph. The teacher focused on the related words:

To hurt the knowledge of the former emperor: to hurt the knowledge of the former emperor.

Let me fish for mediocre talents and eradicate the wicked and stubborn enemies. Shu, almost.

Fourth, discuss the problem.

1 What are the conditions for the Northern Expedition?

Clear: the south has been decided and there are sufficient troops.

2. What kind of thoughts and feelings have been expressed in the sentence "Since I was appointed …"? How should we meet today?

Cheng Ming: This sentence summarizes the author's mood and actions since he took office, which shows that he always takes "playing the emperor first" as his thought, deeply feels the burden of his mission, dares not care for himself, and strives to prepare for "setting the Central Plains in the north".

Fifth, analyze the structural level of the third part.

Blackboard writing:

Sixth, assign homework.

Recite the third part and preview the fourth part.

After class:

the fourth lesson

First, check the recitation.

Second, read the eighth and ninth paragraphs.

1 students read these two texts aloud and tell the general idea.

2 Teachers' main instructions:

Seek advice from the good, judge the elegant words, and trace the legacy of the former emperor.

3. Analyze the structure level.

Blackboard writing:

Third, summarize the central idea.

Cheng Ming: This article earnestly warns Liu Chan that he must realize that he must be close to the sages and stay away from them, so as to improve politics and complete the great cause of "rejuvenating Han and restoring the capital".

Fourth, summarize the writing characteristics.

1 mainly discuss, but also use lyric and narrative.

The first part contains the feelings in the discussion, the second part contains the feelings, and the last part talks about the responsibilities of all parties and expresses the determination to fulfill the wishes of the late emperor. Specifically, it has three characteristics.

(1) repeatedly mentioned Liu Bei's last words, "last words" and "testamentary edict", and the important joints of the article all mentioned "the late emperor", and always mentioned the late emperor's last words. The full text is only over 600 words, but it mentions the late emperor at 13. Its function is to encourage Liu Chan to "honor the legacy of the late emperor" and "pursue the legacy of the late emperor" so as to complete the unfinished business of the late emperor.

(2) Always talk about one's own experiences, experiences and feelings, and regard selflessness and concern for one's country as an incentive to the late Lord.

(3) Think about your majesty's imperial career, which is full of prestige and reputation.

Due to the above three characteristics, this article achieved the artistic effect of "advice when most needed is unpleasant, advice when most needed is unpleasant", which made Liu Chan readily accept it.

The language is simple and plain, and the words and sentences are carefully selected.

The reasons for this feature are:

(1) is related to the recipient's object. Liu Chan's knowledge of the times and cultural accomplishment determine that the words used in this article are simple and alert.

(2) The special relationship between the writer and the receiver determines the characteristics of the watch, such as euphemism, seriousness and prudence. Zhuge Liang is the minister of the late Lord, but he is also the elder of the late Lord. When Liu Bei died, he said, "Do things with your father."

Lu Youyun: "I am a teacher. I can't delete a word."

Fifth, assign homework.

1 Summarize the compound words in the teacher list.

Reference answer:

Synonymous compound:

Intention, ellipsis, line array, armor, frankness, traitor (noun) collapse, opening, metaphor, simple pull, benefit, delay, sigh, hate, Wen Da, waste, grace, drive, overthrow, entrust, reward handsome, busy, revive and consider.

Antisense compound words: whether to punish, whether to reward, pros and cons, survival.

2 find out the biased words. (Similarities and differences, namely "differences")

3 Fill in the form (answers in brackets)

Recite the full text.