Wu Zetian's Life and Poems

In the history of our country, Wu surname is a typical northern surname, widely distributed, accounting for about 0. 18% of the Han population in China, ranking 95th, and it is one of the most popular 100 surnames in China.

■ the origin of surnames

Wu (w incarnation) surname comes from seven aspects:

1, from Ji surname, with few children. According to the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and the Prime Minister's Pedigree Table, in 770 BC, the dog army invaded the Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Youwang was killed, and the Kyoto of the Zhou Dynasty was also destroyed. His son, Yijiu, was acclaimed by princes such as Shen, Xu and Lu. He ascended the throne in Shen, and later moved to Luoyi, known as the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in history. The suitable mortar is Zhou Pingwang. Because of the shape of the word "Wu" on the palm, it was given the name of the Zhou Dynasty doctor Wu, and later there were descendants, so Wu was taken as the surname and the history was called authentic. It's for the Wu family in Henan.

2. In terms of country name. According to Shiben and Wan's Genealogy, Wu Luo was named Wu Luo State and died later. Later, his descendants took the country as their surname and called it Wu.

3, from the child's surname, with Zuzi or posthumous title as the surname:

(1) from Wang Wuding, named after his ancestors. According to "Wu Banbei", it was named after Shang King Wu Ding. For example, the martial arts class in the Han dynasty is.

(2) After Duke Wu of Song Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period, posthumous title was taken as his surname. According to "Customs", during the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of the Duke of Song Dynasty was common, and after his death, posthumous title was called "Wu", which was called Song Wugong in history, and his grandson took his ancestor posthumous title as his surname, also known as Wu Shi. It belongs to Wu in Henan.

4. Judging from the name of the city. According to the book Customs, a powerful man in the Han Dynasty got a fief in Wuqiang County, Hebei Province, and his descendants simply surnamed Wu because of the fief.

5. Starting from the compound surnames starting with "Wu", "Wu" and "Jiang":

(1) from the simplified version of the compound surname, followed by General Qin. During the Warring States Period, Qin was given a white name for his work, and later generations took Wu 'an as their surname, while Jane's was Wu.

(2) the descendants of Ji Man, the grandson of King Zhou Qing. Because his descendants were sealed in Wujiang (now Zhengzhou City, Henan Province), his grandson took Fengyi as his surname, which was called Wujiang's surname, and later Jane's surname was Wu.

6. From other sources. Wu Wei's surname or Wu Wei's surname in Tang Dynasty;

(1) According to the Book of the Tang Dynasty: "The descendants of the heroes of Helan people in Tang Dynasty took the surname of Wu."

② In the Tang Dynasty, Fu, Zuo and Li were given Wu by Wu Zetian.

7, from ethnic minorities have a surname Wu or have a compound surname to:

(1) Manchu Wu Nie, Wu Kudengji, Ewenki Wu Han surname is Wu.

(2) Beijing, Yi, Mongolia and other ethnic groups all have Wu surname.

Ancestor: Wu Ding. When Wu Ding, King of Shang Dynasty, succeeded to the throne, his national strength was weak and he tried his best to restore the prosperity of Yin and Shang Dynasties, but he was worried because he could not find a good minister to assist him. According to legend, one night, Wu Ding dreamed that a saint named "Shuo" helped him, so he searched everywhere and finally found it in Yanfu, east of Pinglu, Shaanxi. This man is Fu Shuo, a saint born as a slave. Wu Ding trusted Fu Shuo very much, and Qi Xin worked together to make the Shang Dynasty reach its peak, which was called "Wu Ding Zhongxing" in history. After Wu Ding's death, later generations thought that he was worthy of his surname compared with Cheng Tang, the founding monarch, so he took his name as Wu's surname and named Wu Ding the ancestor of Wu's surname.

■ Migration distribution

The surname Wu originated in Henan Province. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Wu quickly migrated to neighboring Shandong, Jiangsu and other provinces. Guo Pei (now Pei County, Jiangsu Province) followed Liu Bang at the end of Qin Dynasty. After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, he was awarded an official title, and his children were also commended and respected. The descendant Guo Peijun made him the ancestor of Kaiji. From the Wu surname in Shandong to the Eastern Han Dynasty, it has always been a prosperous and prominent family. Jining, Shandong Province still has a portrait of Shiwu Temple in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was painted by Emperor Huan. According to the Book of the New Tang Dynasty and the Prime Minister's Genealogy Table, there was a Confucian scholar in the Western Han Dynasty who was sealed in Zou Liang (now Jinan, Shandong Province) and dispersed to Wudu, where he was appointed as the satrap of Liu Chen (now Henan Province) and the satrap of Runa (now Henan Province). During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, in view of the war in the north, the gentry of the Central Plains went south in succession, and Wu was one of them. Wu Ru's descendants, Wu Zhou and his son, were officials of Cao Wei. Later generations thought that Taishan was the satrap, Wu Nian was the satrap Luo Shi, Wu Qia was named Jinyang Gong, and Daling County was unnamed (now Wuling Village in the northeast of Wenshui County, Shanxi Province). In the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Wu Jian was appointed as the king of Yongchang, to discuss the matter of joining the army. The Tang Dynasty was the most prominent Rong Da stage in the history of Wu surname. The above branch of Wu developed into a military commander, who was then the minister of the Ministry of Industry and was appointed as lord protector. His daughter Wu Zetian ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, and the Wu clan expanded continuously, thus forming a big county with her ancestral home Taiyuan as Taiyuan county. During this period, many celebrities named Wu entered North Korea or served as local officials, making Wu's breeding grounds spread all over the world. During the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Wu's surname was still a typical northern surname, although it was constantly migrating, such as avoiding the war disaster of the Jin people going south, the Mongolian army entering the Central Plains, and the migration of the big locust tree in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, people surnamed Wu also crossed the sea to enter Taiwan, and then moved to Singapore and other places. Today, the surname Wu is more common in Henan, Heilongjiang and other provinces, and the population of these two provinces accounts for about 37% of the total population of the Han nationality. Wu is the 95th surname in China with a large population, accounting for 0. 18% of the Han population in China.

■ Historical celebrities

Wu Ding: King of Shang Dynasty. Later generations called Gao Zong emperor. Legend has it that Zhao is the son of Pan Geng's younger brother. When he was young, Wu Ding was a layman and had dealt with "little people", so he knew more about "the difficulty of farming". When he became king, he promoted Fu Shuo to power. Fu Shuo with a criminal record was discovered and reused by Wu Ding. Wu Ding also appointed Gan Pan as minister, making them "take over the administration of the world and govern the people of the world", striving to consolidate the rule, enhance the national strength and rectify the Shang Dynasty. "Historical Records Biography III" said: "Wu Ding's administrative virtue, the world is salty, and Yin Dao is revived." Because Wu Ding pushed the Shang Dynasty to the peak, he was called the "King of Zhongxing". During Wu Ding's reign, he continued his expedition to the west, with tigers in the south, barbarians in the east, ghosts in the north, Qiang and Zhou. Among them, the number of troops mobilized for anti-party activities is sometimes 3,000, and sometimes even 5,000. It took three years to conquer the ghost face. According to Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Yin Ruins, Fu Hao, the spouse of Wu Ding, personally led the army to conquer the Qiang people. In addition to "cutting Qiang", there are many records of "seizing Qiang" and "using Qiang" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions, that is, the prisoners of Qiang people were taken as human sacrifices, and the figures are staggering. Wu Ding fought in four directions for years and conquered many small countries around. These wars laid the foundation for the dynasty to form a vast territory of "the country is thousands of miles away, the people stop, and the territory is everywhere". Wu Ding reigned for fifty-nine years, and his son Zu Geng succeeded him after his death.

Chen Wu: A native of Chen County (now Huaiyang, Henan Province) at the end of Qin Dynasty, rebelled with Chen Sheng, and later established himself as the King of Zhao. He was killed by the Ministry for disobeying Chen Sheng's orders.

Zhang Wu: A native of Wenshui (now Fenyang, Shanxi), he was a famous general of Shu after the Five Dynasties. He served as our envoy in Shannan, attached importance to agriculture, and made some contributions to the local irrigation and water conservancy construction.

Wu Yi: A famous scholar in Qing Dynasty, Qianlong Jinshi. He founded Fanquan Academy and taught in person. He is good at textual research of epigraphy. He is the author of Classic Textual Research, Evidence of Group Classics, Yan's Inscription, Copy of Teaching Poems, etc. Wu Yuxiang: the founder of Wushi Tai Ji Chuan in Qing Dynasty.

Wu Qi: A native of Taigu (present-day Shanxi Province) in Yuan Dynasty, he was a member of the Chinese Book Senate, the Minister of Household Affairs and the Political Councillor of Gansu Province. I once took part in the banknote changing law and minted valuable money, but it didn't help Qi, prices soared and the banknote law collapsed. He is the author of Bao Jian Tong Kao and so on.

Wu Yi: A native of Yanshi, Henan Province, a famous scholar in Qing Dynasty and an official in Boshan County. He once founded Fanquan Academy, and was good at epigraphy. He is the author of Textual Research on Yanshi Stone Classics.

Wu Xun: A pioneer of modern private schools in China and a great civilian educator, he founded compulsory poverty-relief schools in Tangyi, Guantao and Linqing counties.

Samurai: A native of Wenshui (now Wenshui East, Shanxi Province) in the Tang Dynasty, the father of Wu Zetian. He became rich by managing wood, made meritorious service with Li Yuan, and was awarded the rank of official. When Emperor Gaozong became emperor, Zhou Guogong, the father of the empress, was awarded the title of King of Taiyuan.

Wu Zetian: Tang Gaozong, the first female emperor in the history of China, was founded in the Zhou Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty in 690 AD and reigned for 265,438+0 years. During his reign, he made many achievements, such as making good use of talents, establishing palace examination, attaching importance to agriculture, and strengthening border defense. However, when he appoints cruel officials, sometimes there is injustice. In 705 AD, Emperor Tiandi was forced to give way to his son Tang Zhongzong, and Zhongzong restored the Tang Dynasty.

Wu Chengsi: Wu Zetian's nephew was shrouded in shadow. After Wu contended for the crown prince, he failed and died disgruntled.

Wu Sansi: Wu Zetian's nephew, who conspired to make trouble, was defeated and killed.

Wu: A native of Goushi (now Yanshi South, Henan Province), he was a Jinshi in Jianzhong in the Tang Dynasty, and his official position was as prime minister. The emperor rated him as a "real prime minister". Because of his integrity, he violated the powerful and was assassinated by an assassin.

Wu Zongyuan: Bai Bo (now Jin Meng) was a famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. He studied under Wu Daozi, and his writing was fluent, and he was good at Buddhism, Taoism and ghosts. He used to paint murals for temples, and everyone called it.

Wu: A great poet in the Song Dynasty, he took it as his duty to praise the countryside, and his poems were famous for being deliberate. He wrote a series of stratagems.

Wu: A Beijinger in Jin Dynasty, he was good at landscape and poetry. There is a "Dongpo Tour Red Cliff Map" handed down from generation to generation.

Minister of Wuhan: a dramatist in Yuan Dynasty, who wrote many zaju, including 10 kinds. Wu: A celebrity in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Good at painting landscapes and poems. His works include Little Hidden Map of Lotus Peak, Gossip Map of Fishermen and firewood, and Map of Dongpo's Tour of Red Cliff, etc. Wu Zongyuan: A famous painter in the Northern Song Dynasty, he is good at painting ghosts and gods, and his brushwork is fluent.

Wu: A native of Guanzhong, Shaanxi Province in the Ming Dynasty, he had unique medical skills. He once participated in Wang Kentang's Criterion of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment, compiled the Outline of Nourishing Yin and wrote the Outline of Jiyang.

Wu Yuxiang: Hebei native, founder of martial arts Tai Ji Chuan in Qing Dynasty. It is a combination of factions, self-contained, known as the "martial arts small frame."

Wu Shimin: Anti-Japanese General of the Republic of China. The word Mianzhi (1892- 194 1) was born in Huai 'an (now Huai 'an, Hebei). 1937 served as 169 division commander, and was promoted to the rank of 98 general two years later. He fought side by side with the Eighth Route Army. 194 1 in September, Wu Shimin led his troops and died in the battle with the Japanese army at the age of 49. After Wu Shimin's heroic martyrdom, the whole country was grieved, and many places in the country held memorial services for him. The North China Edition of Xinhua Daily published reports, editorials and commemorative articles. 1984165438+1On October 29th, the Shanxi Provincial People's Government held a funeral for General Wu Shimin in the Taihang Martyrs Cemetery in Changzhi City, and erected a tombstone in front of the tomb to mourn the martyrs.

■ County Tangwang number

Wang Jun 1

Taiyuan County: Qinzhuang Wang Xiang was established as a county in the four years of the Warring States Period. The Qin Dynasty was equivalent to entering the area of Wutai Mountain, south of Guancen Mountain and north of Huoshan Mountain in Shanxi. The Northern Wei Dynasty reverted to the county, which is equivalent to the Jinzhong area of Yangqu, Jiaocheng, Pingyao and Heshun today.

Pei County: Emperor Wudi changed surabaya county into a county. It is equivalent to the north of Huaihe River in Anhui Province, the east of Xifeihe River, Xiayi and Yongcheng in Henan Province, and Pei and Feng in Jiangsu Province. It was changed to a country in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Fengyi County: left Fengyi by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, changed from Wei to Fengyi County in the Three Kingdoms, located in Dali County, Shaanxi Province.

2. Hall number

Payroll: Payroll sells firewood. In the Song Dynasty, Wu Hangde was handsome and smelly, and his family was poor. He makes a living by selling firewood. Jinzu guarded the gate and went to the suburbs to play. When he saw Hand selling firewood, he was surprised at his appearance and saw that the firewood he was carrying was particularly heavy, so he left him under the account and pretended to be Hou Yu. Later, during the war, Hand was captured by the Khitan. He killed the official of Qidan, occupied Heyang, soon surrendered to Han, became Heyang Yin, entered the Song Dynasty, and became an official prince.

In addition, the main hall names of Wu surname are: "Taiyuan Hall" and so on.

Clan characteristics of verb (abbreviation of verb)

1. Since ancient times, Wu's surname has been more heroic, and the number of heavenly emperors ranks first. It broke the tradition of women's non-participation in politics in past dynasties and set a brilliant example for women's participation in politics in future generations.

2. Most of the Wu surnames are bureaucrats, especially in the Tang Dynasty.

Wu lived in the north for generations. The surname Wu is rigorous and meaningful. For example, the editor-in-chief "Wu's Genealogy" has a sentence from Zhejiang Wu's surname: "Be good at virtue and beauty, and serve the country with sincerity."

■ Wu's ancestral hall couplet

Four-character couplet of Wu ancestral temple

Plain and insightful;

Make up for the high wind.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

The first couplet was Wu, a minister of the Tang Dynasty, a native of Taiyuan and a scholar. He attached great importance to him, named him Cheng in the imperial history, and said to his ministers, "Wu is the real prime minister." During the reign of Emperor Xianzong, the assistant minister of the official department and the assistant minister under the door had the same status as the prime minister. At that time, because of the unstable situation in Sichuan, he was appointed as our special envoy of Jiannan Xichuan. He is honest and thrifty, trying his best to comfort ethnic minorities, and has made outstanding achievements. After he entered the DPRK, he learned politics from Han books and strongly advocated pacifying Wu Yuanji's rebellion. The second couplet is Wu Ruheng, Wu's cousin, whose name is Shuo Bao. When Xian Zong was an official, he went to the Ministry of Commerce and learned about the imperial edict. Officials who are honest and can fill vacancies (officials who advise and recommend personnel to the emperor) will be of great use, but they will not be reused because of their clear diseases and evils.

Xiang Jianguo;

Qing Yan Wen Qi.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

One of the origins of Wu is listed in the All-China Federation. Zhou Pingwang had a son who was born with the word "Wu" in his palm, so he changed his surname to Wu, and later became a doctor.

Songshan Mountain is high and hidden;

Lake practice is very famous.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

The first couplet refers to Wu Wu, the nephew of Wu Zetian, a native of Wenshui, Bingzhou, Tang Dynasty, who is indifferent and does not seek official advancement. When Wu Zetian was in power, he asked to abandon his official position and retire to Songshan Mountain, where he could swim between rocks and valleys. The clothes and utensils Wu Zetian gave him are idle. After buying land and farming, it is the same as the people. When Wu Shi is in trouble, only he can avoid it. The second couplet refers to Gao 'an martial arts in the Song Dynasty, which has the word "virtue" and calls itself "practicing lake lay man". Deliberately reciting poems, every time I write a poem, it is often well-known and written into the book Lotus Lake Collection.

Songshan Mountain is high and hidden;

Lake practice is very famous.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

The first couplet refers to Tang saying that he gave up his official position and hid in the sun of Songshan Mountain. The second couplet refers to Song Wuyun's self-proclaimed "layman of practicing the lake" and his book "Poetry of practicing the lake".

Five-character couplets of Wu's ancestral temple

Song Yinjia is far away from the wind;

Taiyuan shizechang.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

This couplet is the all-round couplet of the ancestral hall of Wu surname "Taiyuan Hall". The first couplet refers to Tang saying that he gave up his official position and hid in the sun of Songshan Mountain. The second couplet refers to the noble family named Wu who lives in Taiyuan County.

Six-character couplet of Wu ancestral temple

Wu Ban Shang Liu Tomb;

The queen's name is Sky.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

The first couplet refers to Wuzhai Mountain, where Han people built Wu Ban's tomb. The five-class tablet records the origin of Wu and Wu Ding, the ancestor of Wu (see the introduction of the first couplet, the origin of 3-1 surname and the ancestor of German surname), which was rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. The second couplet mentioned that Wu Zetian was the queen of Tang Gaozong.

"Seven-character couplets of Wu's ancestral temple"

Bitter songs and practicing lakes;

Sincerely get a full summer in Songling.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

Couplets refer to Wu, a poet in the Song Dynasty, whose real name is "Lotus Lake Jushi" and whose name is "Deyou", who is from Gao 'an. They paid tribute to the countryside, painstakingly recited songs, and each of them joined forces, which should be widely known, including Lianhu Ji. The second couplet refers to the Tang Dynasty hermit Wu, the younger brother and son of the marquis of Wu, who was indifferent and ruthless, and begged the official to hide in the sun of Songshan, just like the people.

The powder and pigments of the Sixth Palace also disappeared without a trace;

The crown of ten thousand is not a crown.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

Cover the leaves with jade;

Hibiscus staggered stone shadows.

-"Wu Zongtang Federation" written by Tang Wu Sansi.

This couplet is a poem couplet written by Wu Sansi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, and it is written as "Playing a Holy Summer Wandering Stone to Come to the Mountain".

Wu's ancestral hall has more than seven words.

Zheng Kaikaiyuan, governing macro-chastity;

Liu Fang Jiange is just profitable.

-Guo Moruo wrote "Wu Zongtang General Association"

The dutiful son runs a righteous school and teaches martial arts;

I am a famous queen.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

Standing on the top of the world, he won the battle of Tang Diye;

Surrounded by mountains and waters, Lizhou retains Wujiazhuang.

-anonymous wrote Wu ancestral hall Federation

■ A brief introduction to the life of Wu, a contemporary general of China People's Liberation Army.

Captain general Wu Changyou

Wu Changyou (1926-) is a native of Qinghe County, Hebei Province. /kloc-joined the eighth route army in 0/944, and 1944 joined the China * * * production party.

During the War of Liberation, he served as the company commander of the Central Plains Field Army. Participated in Handan, Dabie Mountain and Huaihai Campaign.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), he served as the battalion commander of China People's Liberation Army. 195 1 participated in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea and served as the chief of staff and deputy head of a regiment in Chinese people's Volunteer Army. After returning to China, he graduated from the synthetic army command department of the military academy on 1960. He has served as head of the Air Force, deputy division commander, division commander, deputy division commander and commander, deputy commander of the Guangzhou Military Region Air Force, and secretary of the Guangzhou Military Region Air Force Discipline Inspection Commission. Retired in April 1990. Representative of the 11th National Congress of China Producers' Party and member of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

1988 was awarded the rank of lieutenant general air force in September.

Respondents: f 779 17- ranking133-1821:18.

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It would be better to be more specific. Wu's descendants are also quite single-minded, so they should work harder and create greater glories.