The basement of my newly renovated villa always leaks, especially in rainy days, and water can be seen on the walls. what can I do? I'm so worried!

First of all, we must find out the cause of water leakage. What caused it? Then deal with it according to the specific situation. Generally, it can be analyzed from the following situations.

A, the basement leakage:

Leakage in the basement usually occurs in the form of local leakage. Basements are located in different geology, different functions and different designs.

Different from construction, its water leakage parts and forms are diverse.

1, water leakage position: local water leakage in the basement usually only accounts for a very small part of the outdoor area, which is several square meters.

The small one is only as big as the bowl mouth, and it is less than one thousandth or one ten thousandth of the area outside the basement according to the surface area. But the use of the basement

And durability is very harmful. About 70% of water leakage occurs in the floor, or in the deepest pit of the floor, mostly at the bottom.

The intersection angle of slab or pit (internal intersection angle in indoor view) is rarely in the middle and lower part of basement exterior wall.

2. Water leakage form: The water leakage form is related to geology, structure and season, mainly manifested in the following situations.

① Surge: When the groundwater pressure is very high, the leakage flow is large, and sometimes it can't stop the continuous upwelling like spring water.

② Undercurrent: Leakage in the basement will flow out along the cracks in the concrete of the building structure, like the same undercurrent.

(3) Leakage: The leakage of the basement is injected from the outside or oozed from a certain surface of the structural concrete. Leakage degree

Not the same, after the big one is wiped with a dry cloth, then you can see a number of small drops of water coming out and getting wet in a short time; The little guy only sees the wet ones.

Never do it, it will get wetter and wetter after half a day or a few hours.

④ Fluctuating leakage: affected by the fluctuation of basement pressure, sometimes it will leak or leak, and sometimes it will disappear.

3. Structural water leakage: refers to the hidden danger of construction quality caused by improper application of materials in basement construction joints, post-pouring belts, water stops and other parts.

Structural leakage.

Two. Waterproof and plugging scheme

(1), crack leakage control scheme

According to the requirements of Party A and the actual situation of the project, waterproof grouting is needed to prevent cracks from leaking, and then two-component polysulfide sealant is used as the flexible waterproof sealing layer, and then the rigid waterproof protective layer of compressed sealant is constructed. The waterproof plugging scheme of rigid protection and flexible waterproof is based on the requirements of the national waterproof technical specification for underground engineering.

The specific governance plan is as follows:

Grouting plugging diffusion area

6 mm polyethylene foam strip

Quick plugging agent

PG32 1 Bicomponent Polysulfide

Schematic diagram of crack and leakage treatment scheme of pressure-resistant sealant; The construction procedures for waterproofing, plugging and structural reinforcement are as follows:

1. First cut a V-shaped joint with a depth of 70mm and a width of 60mm at the construction joint, and rinse it with water.

2, fixed grouting channel and grouting pipe.

Use quick plugging agent and ordinary portland cement of grade 32.5 or above to fix PE foam strips in grouting channels. When fixing PE foam strips, a grouting pipe is buried every 50cm, which is used in grouting pipe? 10~ 13mm pressure hose, which has been used as diversion pipe and grouting pipe.

3. Grouting to stop leakage and stop water and polysulfide flexible seal waterproof construction

Starting from one side, inject polymer grouting material-grouting plugging king. Grouting pressure is controlled between 0.3~0.5MPa and 0.5 MPa. When the next hole to be grouted comes out, stop grouting, then close the valve before grouting from another hole stops blocking, and then proceed in sequence. After all grouting is completed, observe whether there is leakage. If there is still leakage in some places, grouting can be supplemented from the nearest hole until there is no leakage. PG32 1 Two-component polysulfide sealant shall be constructed after pipeline cutting.

4, rigid protective layer construction

After waterproof plugging grouting, the cracks will not leak again, but the structural strength has not been improved. It is necessary to use compression sealant and various additives, activators and auxiliaries to manufacture structural reinforcement materials with high strength and low viscosity. When the curing period of the material reaches the deadline, it can produce structural strength greater than C30, so that the upper and lower concrete slabs can be connected into a whole, and the purpose of long-term overall work can be achieved.

(2), large area (honeycomb) leakage control scheme

1, surface layer method: suitable for large-area leakage treatment of structures. Under normal circumstances, the treatment of large-scale leakage in the basement can not be carried out on the water surface, but only on the back water surface. Therefore, drainage should be carried out before construction to prevent the newly made waterproof surface from being washed away by pressurized water. The specific method of surface layer method is: choose the part where the water leakage is concentrated, and bury the pipe to make the water flow out of the conduit. According to the amount of water leakage, pipes can be buried at one or more places to divert water. When the water leakage point can't be found, the pipe can be buried at the lower part of the wall to divert water. Then, according to the use requirements of the material, the polymer cement waterproof mortar is applied to the impervious part in a large area, and the surface needs to be plastered in layers, in the order of waterproof plain slurry-waterproof mortar-waterproof plain slurry, and finally the pipe is pulled out to block water. For the concrete with slight water seepage, the concrete surface can be coated with compressed sealant, and the construction can be carried out with a scraper, generally 2~3 times, until Shui Ying can't be seen. For holes and cracks with obvious water leakage, water should be stopped one by one according to the water leakage treatment method of holes and cracks.

For the surface of the basement concrete structure, when there is less serious slow water leakage (such as sweating, wetting, etc.). ), anti-seepage grams can be coated on the back to form an impermeable cover on the surface, which plays an anti-seepage role. The specific measures are as follows: the surface of the base is smooth, the uneven parts are filled and polished with cement mortar, and the dust and oil stains on the surface of the base are removed at the same time, which is beneficial to the firm bonding of the waterproof layer. After the above work is completed and qualified, the anti-leakage gram can be used for construction.

2. Grouting method: When there is a large area of leakage in the basement, grouting method can also be used. According to the leakage situation, grouting holes can be arranged on the structure, which can be arranged in plum blossom shape, triangle shape or zigzag shape, and then grouting treatment can be carried out to form a waterproof curtain inside the structure. In addition, the method of "surface closed grouting" can also be adopted, that is, laying pipes to divert water first, and then plastering sealing paste on the surface in a large area. After the strength of the waterproof coating meets the requirements, the water is blocked by grouting from the diversion pipe.

(3), holes, leakage points, embedded parts, pipeline leakage control scheme.

(a) the hole, point leakage treatment method

1, plugging method: directly plugging with inorganic plugging materials. When the small hole or large hole leaks slowly but the water pressure is low, the inorganic waterproof plugging material can be used to directly plug the leak.

The operation procedure is as follows: according to the leakage situation, find out the leakage point, drill a hole (diameter 1~3cm, depth 2~5cm), the hole wall is as vertical as possible to the base surface, rinse it with clean water, twist it into a cone with similar shape to the hole with plugging material, and when it starts to solidify, press it into the hole quickly and squeeze it around the hole wall to make the plugging material closely combined with the hole.

2. Pipe-laying method: it is suitable for the leakage treatment of rapids or water gushing and large-hole water pressure. The specific method is: remove the empty surface layer and fake bonded stone at the water leakage place, and then carve it into a hole, depending on the depth of water leakage.