Who can tell me what expression techniques Fanka used in this lesson?

Teaching Key Points and Difficulties

1. Understand the content of the letter written by Fanka and understand the suffering suffered by Fanka.

2. Understand the association of Fanka in the process of writing the letter and the meaning of the end of the article.

Three lessons of teaching time

Teaching design

The first lesson

1. Teaching objectives

(1 ) Read the text for the first time to understand the content.

(2) Learn new characters and new words.

(3) Use "letter" as a clue to divide the text into sections.

2. Teaching focus and difficulties

(1) Preliminary understanding of the text content.

(2) Divide the text into paragraphs and understand the main content of each paragraph.

3. Teaching process

(1) Introduction of new courses.

Today we will study a translated novel - "Fanka". The author of the novel is Chekhov, the great Russian writer in the late 19th century. Chekhov had been familiar with the life of apprentices since he was a child and sympathized with their misfortunes, so "Vanka" was written in a real and touching way. He wrote many extremely profound works that exposed the dark rule of the Tsar and the tragic life of the people of old Russia. His works were praised by Lenin. The article "Fanka" I studied today is a representative work of the author. It reflects the tragic life of the people during the rule of the old Russian tsar.

(2) Self-study texts.

1. Learn characters and new words by yourself. (Look up the dictionary yourself and understand the meaning of the word based on the context.)

2. Understand the relationship between the characters in the novel, and the characters’ names should be pronounced smoothly.

3. Think about the following questions to get a preliminary understanding of the text content.

(1) What kind of child is Fanka? What is his life experience?

(2) What is the novel about? When did this happen?

(3) What does Fanka mainly write in his letter to his grandfather?

(3) Check the status of self-study.

1. When reading new characters and new words by name, the pronunciation of the characters must be correct.

2. Character identities and explanations of some words.

Fanka Zhukov (Ivan Zhukov): the protagonist of the novel.

Ariaxine: Shoemaker, shoe store owner.

Konstantin Makarichi: Fanka’s grandfather.

Zhifaroviev: Master, the owner of the manor where grandpa works.

Fijika: Shepherd.

Aigoer, Alyona: Fanka’s little friend.

Kashidanka: the name of the old bitch.

Bangzi: A tool for beating the clock, hollow, made of bamboo or wood.

Zaizi: often used to refer to young animals, here it is a derogatory term for the boss’s children.

Postman: the old name of the postman.

Ruble, kopeck: the currency unit used by Tsarist Russia. One ruble is equal to one hundred kopecks.

3. Name the text and try to read it section by section, and you are required to read it correctly and fluently.

4． Discuss the reflection questions in groups.

(After the student discussion, the teacher summarized: Fanka is a 9-year-old rural child. He has no father or mother. He has only one relative, his grandfather. His grandfather is a poor man who lives in a manor in the countryside. The main job is as a night watchman. The 9-year-old Fanka was sent to be an apprentice in a shoe shop in Moscow three months ago. He lives alone and lives a very miserable life. The novel is about Fanka writing a letter to his grandfather. Before going to bed on Christmas Eve, Fanka fell asleep after writing and sending the letter. The letter mainly told his grandfather that his life in the store was miserable and asked his grandfather to take him back to the countryside.)

(4) Divide the text into paragraphs.

1. In what order are the texts written?

(Before writing a letter, process of writing a letter, and after writing a letter.)

2. Divide the text into three paragraphs in this order.

(Paragraph 1: From the beginning to "Put that piece of paper on the podium". Paragraph 2: From "Dear Grandpa Konstantin Macari" to "Constant "Makarich". Paragraph 3: from "He was very satisfied" to the end of the text.)

(5) Homework.

1. Copy the words. (Completed in class)

2. Read the letter part of the text carefully and think about what is written in the letter.

Second Lesson

1. Teaching Objectives

(1) Understand the purpose and content of Fanka’s letter to his grandfather and his psychological activities when writing the letter , from which you can experience Fanka’s miserable life as an apprentice.

(2) Learn the content and function of the narrative part in the text.

(3) Read the content of the letter and the content of the narrative part emotionally.

2. Teaching Focus and Difficulties

(1) Understand the purpose and content of Fanka’s letter to his grandfather, as well as his psychological activities when writing the letter, and experience Fanka’s time as an apprentice. miserable life.

(2) Learn the content and function of the narrative part in the text.

3. Teaching process

(1) Review questions.

In what way does the article express Fanka’s tragic life?

(This is represented by Fanka writing a letter to his grandfather before Christmas.)

(2) Study the content of the letter in the second paragraph of the text.

1. Think about it, what is the purpose of Fanka writing to Grandpa?

(Fanka’s apprentice life in Moscow was miserable and he couldn’t bear it anymore. He wrote a lot in the letter, but his only purpose was to beg his grandfather to take him away from here and return to his grandfather. around. )

2. Find out which natural paragraphs in the second paragraph of the text are the content of Fanka's letter? Draw on the book.

(The six natural paragraphs 3, 8, 10, 11, 12, and 15 are the content of the letter written by Fanka.)

3. The content of the letter has six natural paragraphs. Use one word to form a short sentence to summarize, and write a subtitle for each paragraph.

(① Only one relative; ② Tell grandpa that he suffered a lot as an apprentice; ③ Ask grandpa to take him back; ④ Moscow is not for the poor; ⑤ Ask grandpa to pick a golden walnut for him; ⑥ Begged grandpa again to take him back)

4. Namely describe Fanka's tragic experience in an orderly manner according to the subtitles.

(3) Study the narrative part of the text. Fanka had many inner activities when he wrote the letter, and the author used narrative techniques to express them.

1. Find out which parts of the text are narrative.

(Paragraphs 4, 5, 6, 13, and 14 are Fanka’s memories of past life in the process of writing the letter, and are the narrative part of the article.)

2. Introduction to paragraphs 4, 5, and 6.

(1) What is written in paragraphs 4 and 5?

(Let students read silently first, and these two natural paragraphs are inserted into Fanka’s memory of his grandfather’s night vigil in the countryside.)

(2) Think about it, when Fanka writes “ What do you think of when you only have one family member left?

(3) What kind of person is grandpa in Fanka’s heart?

(Old, poor, and tired, but very optimistic, funny, and kind, Fanka feels very happy with his grandfather.)

(4) Instruct students to read aloud with tone 4, 5 natural segments.

(Remind students to read aloud with the feeling of missing their loved ones.)

(5) What is the main content of paragraph 6?

(Beautiful night scene before the festival in my hometown.

)

(6) What does the night scene of his hometown look like in Fanka’s heart?

(It is "beautiful".)

(7) How beautiful is the night view of your hometown in Fanka's heart?

(Quiet, beautiful, soft, blue sky, bright stars... the whole forest is immersed in the festive atmosphere.)

(8) Guide to reading the 6th Nature part.

(Read aloud with a feeling of praise.)

Summary:

This part is about the memories of grandpa’s vigil and the imagination of the night scene before the festival in his hometown, which are all descriptions Fanka's inner activities. From these two narrations, it reflects Fanka's mood of missing his relatives and hometown.

3. Introduction to paragraphs 13 and 14.

(1) When Fanka wrote about asking his grandfather to "pick a golden walnut", what did he add?

("Chopping down the Christmas tree with grandpa".)

(2) How did Fanka feel when he recalled the incident of cutting down the Christmas tree? What one word can be used to summarize it?

(The mood is happy. It can be summarized by the word "乐".)

(3) Where can you experience Fanka's happy mood?

("He remembered that it was always Grandpa who went to the woods to cut down Christmas trees, and Grandpa always took him there. What a happy day!" "When it's time to cut down the Christmas tree, Grandpa smokes a pipe first, Take snuff for a while, and have fun with the frozen little Fanka for a while...)

(4) Read paragraphs 13 and 14 with joy.

(Fanka. This kind of happiness is "joy in suffering", and you should read it with this mood)

4. Let’s talk about the role of narrative techniques in the text.

(For the purpose of contrast, Fanka thinks about the "fun" in the countryside, which further highlights the hardship of current life and reflects Fanka's eagerness to ask his grandfather to take him away.)

(4) Summary:

Is the Russian countryside under the rule of the Tsar really as beautiful as Fanka imagined? No, it is also a fire pit for working people. Grandpa’s exposure to the cold, vigils, and tree cutting are enough to show that Grandpa Life is difficult. It was only because Fanka was with his relatives in the countryside and received the love of his grandfather that he came to the idea that life in the countryside was better than life as an apprentice.

Lesson 3

1. Teaching objectives

(1) Summarize the central idea of ??the text and understand how the author expresses the center of the article through detailed description.

(2) Understand the ending of the text.

(3) Read the text emotionally

2. Teaching focus and difficulties

(1) Summarize the central idea of ??the lesson and understand it. How does the author express the center of the article through detailed description?

(2) Understand the role of the end of the text

3. Teaching process

(1) Read the full text silently and summarize the central idea.

The novel truly reflects the tragic fate of poor children in the old Russian tsarist era through Vanka's letter to his grandfather before Christmas. > How does the author express the central idea? Why is this article so touching?

(Because this article is very realistic and specific, and it reflects the content of Fanka’s letter and his demeanor and actions). , Lenovo have developed detailed descriptions, and the writing is flesh-and-blood. Because the whole text pays attention to details and captures the parts that can express the central idea, it makes people feel deeply and immersed in it.)

( 2) Analyze the key details and read the text emotionally

1. Study the detailed description of the "writing process" in paragraph 2.

(1) Ask the students to read the "letter" aloud. "Content" and think about: What did Fanka write in the letter to grandpa? Which one of them is the most specific?

(Tell grandpa about the pain of apprenticeship life and all kinds of torture.

)

(2) Read silently "I got a beating last night...I'm going to die!...". Thinking: How many meanings does this natural paragraph contain? How does the author pay attention to details in description?

(It has four meanings: ① Being beaten; ② Starving; ③ Unable to sleep; ④ Get out of here. Grasp the details and let students understand: Why are they beaten? What does "unknowingly" mean? Use What does "beat" mean? How do the boss and the landlady hit Fanka? What do the verbs of "picking, dragging, poking, and fishing" mean? ? Where do you see "simply not"? )

2. What past events did Fanka recall while writing the letter?

(1) Read "cutting down the Christmas tree" silently.

(Thinking: When you cut down the Christmas tree with your grandpa, how was the frozen mountain forest? How did grandpa and Fanka feel about the cold? How did grandpa feel when it was time to cut down the Christmas tree? What did the tree look like? Cut the tree What did they see? What did grandpa say? ...Experience these detailed descriptions. )

(2) Tell me, what do you understand from these detailed descriptions?

(3) From the details of "Grandpa was coughing from the cold, and he coughed too", it is not difficult to see that cutting down Christmas trees is actually a hard job of suffering from the cold. But why does Fanka find it so interesting when he recalls it now?

(It was cold and tiring to cut down the Christmas tree in the ice and snow, but in Fanka’s memories it was so beautiful, happy and interesting. This just illustrates the loneliness and pain of Fanka’s life in Moscow.) /p>

3. Study the third paragraph of the text "After writing the letter" and understand the role of the end of the text.

(1) Please use the above learning method to self-study paragraph 3. First find out which parts are detailed descriptions, and then talk about how you experience the role of these detailed descriptions.

(2) Students study by themselves.

(3) Students report on their self-study status.

(4) Discussion: Can Fanka’s dream come true? Why?

(3) Summary:

Through the above study of this text, we understand that the structure of this article is relatively complex, and it consists of three parts: the author narrates the tragic experience of Fanka , the content of Fanka’s letter, Fanka’s memories during the writing process, among which the content of Fanka’s letter is the focus of the full text. In the expression of these three parts, the details are captured and the complex inner activities of Fanka, a child who is only nine years old, are written to his grandfather and begged him to take him back, which explains his life as an apprentice in Moscow. The tragedy makes us deeply sympathize with his tragic fate and hate the dark society that eats people even more.

(4) Homework.

1. Think about question 2 of the after-school exercise.

2. Read the text emotionally.