High School Chinese Compulsory Course Three "The Old Man and the Sea" Lecture Notes

Lecture notes on "The Old Man and the Sea"

1. The status and characteristics of this article in the textbook

After the new curriculum reform, "The Old Man and the Sea" is arranged in In the first unit (novel unit) of Compulsory Course 3 of the People's Education Press, it appears as a self-reading article. This unit is the first novel unit in high school. There are only two novel units in the current high school Chinese textbooks, one for compulsory course 3 and one for compulsory course 5. It can be seen that this unit occupies an extremely important position in the entire high school novel teaching. It is not only the welding point of junior high school novel learning, but also the extension point of the entire high school novel learning knowledge and skills.

2. Teaching objectives

Three-dimensional objectives

1. Guide students to read quickly, grasp the main content of the novel, and then conduct research on key paragraphs and the inner monologue of the characters. Read carefully and figure out the language and writing characteristics of the novel.

2. Combined with the experience and language of the characters in the article, analyze and figure out the philosophical and symbolic meaning of the article.

3. Feel the protagonist’s spirit of fighting in a difficult environment with courage, perseverance and wisdom, and not succumbing to fate.

3. Important and difficult points in teaching

Teaching focus:

1. Guide students to read carefully the key passages and inner monologues of the characters, and try to figure out the language and meaning of the novel. Characteristics of writing.

2. Cultivate the spirit of not succumbing to fate and fighting in harsh environments with courage, perseverance and wisdom.

Teaching difficulties:

Combine the experience and language of the characters in the article to analyze and figure out the spiritual connotation of the characters in this article.

IV. Teaching Method

n 1. "Situation Introduction Method": Combine the writer's legendary life experience and his tough guy image, and play the movie version of "The Old Man and the Sea" The wonderful clips allow them to intuitively feel the bloodiness and fearlessness of the hero Santiago, and thus enter the situation created by the author for us.

n 2. "Student-based inquiry method": Teachers guide students to think, discuss, and explore through problem setting and contagious language. Through independent cooperation and communication, they gradually deepen their understanding of the main purpose of the article. and grasp of language style.

5. Academic sentiment

n Compared with prose, poetry, and drama genres, students are still more interested in novels; and after three years of study in junior high school, they have They have a certain ability to read and understand novels, but their lack of life experience makes it difficult for them to dig deep into the meaning hidden under the surface of the novel's text when understanding a novel with strong symbolic and philosophical meanings such as "The Old Man and the Sea". meaning; therefore, I want to take "The Old Man and the Sea" as an example to try to guide students to learn to explore the denotation and connotation beyond the plot of the novel!

6. Teaching Process

n Ⅰ. Situation introduction

n Ⅱ.Plot introduction

n Ⅲ.Overall perception·cooperative exploration

Ⅰ.Situation introduction

Others He is a writer who loves hunting and fishing

He served on the battlefields of two world wars

He was hit by 237 pieces of shrapnel

His He had 57 stitches on his head

He crashed twice in Africa

Severe concussion caused his vision and health to deteriorate

He used his pen to shape A series of tough heroes who cannot be defeated

He ended his life with a gun and refused to become a weakling in life

He is the tough guy in the American literary world and the spiritual monument of the American nation - Hemingway< /p>

"A person is not born to be defeated. You can eliminate him, but you can't defeat him." - "The Old Man and the Sea"

Movie poster , play movie clips

II. Plot introduction

The plot of "The Old Man and the Sea" is not complicated. An old fisherman named Santiago didn't catch a fish for 84 consecutive days.

Later, he went on a long voyage alone. After three days and two nights of fighting at sea, he finally caught a big marlin weighing more than 1,500 pounds. However, on the way back, sharks surrounded them one after another. Although the old man fought hard, he still could not resist the attack of the ferocious sharks. When he returned to the coast, only a huge skeleton of the big marlin was left. .

　Ⅲ. Overall perception·Cooperative inquiry

Students read the full text, interpret and explore——

Student activity one: speed read the text, and think about problems in groups, multimedia The courseware shows:

1. What is the main plot of the selected article?

2. How many times does the scene of the old man fighting the shark appear in a ***?

Which time left the deepest impression on you?

3. Under what circumstances did the old man fight with the sharks one after another?

4. What was the purpose of the old man’s desperate fight? Has the goal been achieved? Has the old man wavered during this process?

Student Activity 2: Projection shows the scene of the old man fishing

·Teacher Question 1: Through the previous few A question, a flesh-and-blood old man has approached us, but he is emotional after all. Who can use accurate language to show the old man rationally?

·Teacher question 2: Everyone will be the most beautiful The garland of flowers was worn on the old man Santiago, but some people said: The old man failed. What do you think of this problem?

·Students expressed their opinions, and the teacher commented based on the old man’s inner monologue:

Human beings are great, but greatness does not only lie in career and performance. The greatness of human beings It should have a deeper connotation, which is human self-confidence, self-esteem and self-improvement.

Regarding failure, the dictionary explains this: lose faith and put down weapons.

Look at Santiago, he fought with marlin for two days and two nights, and had five long battles with various sharks. In the process, the old man lost his weapon, but He never laid down his arms. The old man left blood, but never shed tears. He has always had the quality of not giving up in the face of difficulties. The greater the difficulties and setbacks, the stronger the fighting spirit. He is a giant of will and action. Such a person stands upright, he is a victorious loser and a defeated hero.

Expansion:

What inspiration did you get from him? If one day bad luck comes, I...

Difficult points to explore:

What are the characteristics of the inner monologue in the article and what role does it play in the article? Students find it in the article and discuss it in groups.

The teacher made it clear: In addition to the description of the scene of the old fisherman Santiago fighting the shark, this article also contains the inner monologues of a large number of characters, which faithfully record Santiago’s inner activities and write about his Through free association, the old man's thoughts and feelings are truly reproduced through his state of mind during these days of wandering at sea. These inner monologues not only deeply reveal the protagonist's inner pride, perseverance, and loneliness in seeking help, but also shine with profound and rich philosophical brilliance, enriching the novel's ideas and constituting an important feature of the novel. Most of the tough guys in Hemingway's early novels are "dumb bulls" who don't speak much and lack ideas. However, the old fisherman Santiago has a rich inner world and strong rationality. He is a person who uses his thoughts to control his actions. Therefore, he became One of the most successful characters in Hemingway's novels.

After-class development

n In the process of accumulated reading after class, try to compare the similarities and differences in characterization between Eastern and Western novels.

n Recommended reading: "The Sun Also Rises", "Farewell to Arms", "For Whom the Bell Tolls"

7. Blackboard Writing

n Tough guy spirit: "A person is not born to be defeated. You can eliminate him, but you can't defeat him."

n He is a loser who has won, and a loser who has failed. hero.

n Inner monologue: reveals the protagonist’s thoughts and emotions, sparkles with philosophy, and enriches the connotation of the novel