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Reading "Zhuangzi" —— Reflections on "Laughing and Talking about Life and Death"

The first time I knew Zhuangzi was in a poem, which wrote: "Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming was bewitched by butterflies, and Wang's longing for love was crying in the cuckoo". Although I don't know what it means, I just think this poem is quite special. Later, I learned that Zhuangzi wrote "Happy Travel", which represented the highest state of Zhuangzi's thought and abandoned the secular society and his own fame and fortune.

The story is simple, short and capable, and really fascinating. Today, the thought represented by Zhuangzi lets us revisit it again. For impetuous people, it seems to be a clear spring and a baptism of the soul.

However, I was a little disappointed after reading it. Can I reach this level? Maybe I yearn for this realm rationally, but the perceptual voice tells me that I can't do it. I can be indifferent to fame and fortune, but I can't give up all fame and fortune. You can't laugh at life and death.

When Zhuangzi's wife died, she sang with a drum. This is a well-known story. Zhuangzi said that in ancient times, real people were born unhappy and died without fear. Don't feel: how gratifying it is to have life, and how terrible it is to die. This attitude is natural and unrestrained, but it is not easy to run through everyone's life. Everyone is busy all his life. During the whole trip, he was actually afraid that time was getting shorter and shorter. How many people can laugh at life and death?

More importantly, we have a heavy burden today. Working hard every day, the poor salary should be filial to parents, raising children and cars. If you accidentally become a house slave, you have to raise a house and be sure to keep good health. If you are sick, expensive medical expenses will make you more than you can chew. How can you laugh at life and death? Don't say that you are afraid to face death even if you think about it. The kindness of parenting has yet to be reported. The responsibility of raising children lies on your shoulders. Life is not our own. I never think that struggle makes our life full of vitality, responsibility makes our life full of meaning, pressure makes us grow constantly, and achievement makes us full of pride. It turns out that struggle is also a kind of happiness. Isn't it?

Zhuangzi said that whether a person can achieve a thorough understanding is inseparable from his experience and understanding, and I am just an ordinary person. I can't be a man of God like Zhuangzi, I can only look back at him.

I have been watching Zhuangzi, the representative of Taoism.

A person in the Spring and Autumn Period can see life so thoroughly.

Compared with now, people are really saints.

But if he lives in the present, he may not be so profound, hehe.

In fact, people live only for fame and fortune.

How many saints can there be in this world?

For the benefit of villains,

In the name of scholars,

The doctor is in charge,

A saint is the world.

It's just different goals,

Everyone's life creed is different.

But no matter the villain or the saint, they all ended up in born to die.

Let's pursue the life we want in a limited life.

Don't be influenced by this world.

He who knows how to enjoy life is the happiest.

A pleasant hike

Notes on the title or background of a book.

"Xiaoyao" is also written as "shake off", indicating complacency; "Wandering freely" means moving freely without any constraints.

The full text can be divided into three parts. The first part is "the sage is unknown", which is the main part of this paper. By comparing many examples that can't be "carefree", it shows that to truly achieve the realm of freedom, we must be "selfless", "reactive" and "unknown". The second part, I am suddenly lost in the world, further expounds the previous part, explaining that "no self" is the only way to get rid of all kinds of bondage and dependence. As long as you really forget yourself and everything, you can reach the realm of freedom. Only "no self" is the person with the highest spiritual realm. The rest is the third part, which discusses what is really useful and what is useless, indicating that we should not be stuck by things, but should regard uselessness as useful, further expressing our life purport of opposing active participation in social activities and pursuing leisure and self-satisfaction with the goal of being free from any constraints.

This article is one of the representative works of Zhuangzi, which is full of fantastic imagination and romantic colors, and combines reasoning with fables and vivid metaphors to form a unique style. "Wandering freely" is also an important aspect of Zhuangzi's philosophy. The whole article repeatedly expounds the idea of nothing to rely on and pursues the absolute freedom of the spiritual world. In Zhuangzi's eyes, everything in objective reality, including people, is antagonistic and interdependent, so there is no absolute freedom. If you want nothing to rely on, you have nothing. Therefore, he hopes that everything will go with the flow, be detached from reality, deny all the functions of human beings in social life, and confuse human life with the survival of all things; Advocate not to dwell on things and pursue unconditional spiritual freedom.

one

Zhuangzi said: There are fish in the North Ghost, named Kun. Kun is so big, I don't know its thousands of miles; Become a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back is thousands of miles away; Fly away angrily, its wings hang in the sky like clouds.

If there is a fish, it is a small carp; If it is a bird, it is a bird.

The thought and logic advocated by Zhuangzi are the foundation of governing the country, and they live with others. Talk about size, such as flowing water: Kun is big and praised by the world, but it will not grow bigger and bigger because of it; Peng Da will not be more depressed because of the swallow's criticism. This is the way to be a man, an official and a country. And what is not true will not be rewarded. People who didn't get what they deserved are all dead. I use other people's cold eyes to inspire my thoughts, and I laugh at other people's praise. Life like flowing water is like a nameless wild flower, which quietly blooms in Xanadu and then fades, and no one appreciates it or laughs at it.

This is the meaning of the so-called "saint". A saint with noble character and high cultivation will never experience the joy of victory, the depression of failure, the sweetness of love and the bitterness of breaking up. Zhuangzi laughed at them in a very unusual way. He expressed his true thoughts through the mouth of Song Dynasty. Regardless of being mean or kind to others, saints who guide others to be kind always stand on high ground and respond to attacks from all levels with teaching tone. Small and big, big and small are unclear. Small can mock big, thinking big is bitter, big mocking small, thinking small is bitter.

Read Zhuangzi, enjoy yourself and laugh. People laughed at me for being crazy, so I treated them like a saint: sparrows know the ambition of swans. Others laughed at my arrogance, and I responded with a saint's tone: Kun traveled around the world by boat; The five mountains in Xiang Peng are all driven by the wind. How do vulgar people in the world know the difference between ruthlessness and sentimentality?

How can a highly cultivated person argue with an ignorant person? The answer is an argument, and the response is a counterattack. The essence lies in beauty, beauty and Tao.

Hehe, saints are like this.

two

Zhuangzi said, "Shoulder to shoulder, ask Uncle Lian. I heard that it's too big to meet, too big to go against the sky. I was frightened by his words. Or a river man who has no ambition; It is inhuman to be in public. " Uncle Lian said, "What does this mean?" He said, "There are gods and people living in the mountains. If the skin is like ice and snow, if you are a virgin, you don't eat grains, suck the wind and drink dew, ride a dragon on a cloud, and travel around the world; Its spirit is condensed, so that things are not incomplete and immature in the years. I am crazy and don't believe it. " Even the uncle said, "of course. Deaf people have nothing to do with the sound of bells and drums. Are you deaf or blind? Husband knows! It is also true that his words are still women. People are also virtuous, and everything is one, and the world is in chaos. What's the harm? What's the harm? People are also hurt by things: the sky is soaked but not drowned, the drought is flowing, and the mountains are burnt but not hot. Who wants to treat things as things? "

I suddenly found that there were many unruly spirits in my article, so I began to sum up my thoughts. I am no longer angry, no longer have outstanding literary talent, and now many people find it difficult to accept me. I don't know if this is good or bad. At this point, I accepted Zhuangzi. See the world with eyes: Yao feels that he is not competent enough and intends to give up the world. Xu You replied: "You govern the world, and the world has achieved great governance, but I must replace you. Will I do it for fame? " Names are secondary things that come from reality. Will I pursue what I want this time? Wren nest in the forest, but occupy a branch; The mole went to Okawa to drink water, but the water was full. You'd better give up your idea and go home. This world is useless to me! Even if the chef doesn't cook, the sacrifice host won't intervene! "

I have been looking for my place and what role I should play in literature. No teacher, no classmates, only a lonely lamp. Just this lonely lamp, accompanying me to think hard in the dark. I look forward to its poor light and think that's my direction. As Jieyu said, in the remote Gushe Mountain, there lived a man of God, whose skin was as white as ice and snow, and his body was as soft as a virgin. He didn't eat whole grains, drank cool breeze and nectar, rode a dragon in a cloud and swam across the four seas. His expression is so focused that there is no disease in everything in the world and crops are harvested every year. Shouwu, on the other hand, thinks that this is all false and not credible at all, and thinks that Jieyu is a madman.

The blind are blind and the deaf are deaf. Similarly, the brain will be blind and deaf. Others may like what you don't like, but why should others like what you like? Your view is always right, so whose view is wrong? The vast universe, the vast Xinghai, who makes the universe infinite, who makes the earth infinite, and who gives human thinking? Life is short, the world of mortals is rolling, who is influenced by your love with your lover, who is cold when you are warm, and who is hungry when you are full?

I am me, and you are you. I don't need you, and you don't need me. Everyone is living in his own way.

three

Zhuangzi said: If you don't kill an axe, you will be useless, and you will be miserable!

I just want to pull up the seedlings of the useless big gourd, burn the square where silk floss is washed, cut down the crooked trees, kill the wildcat weasel jumping up and down, and eat the meat of Daniel like a cloud.

Useful is naturally useful, and useless is naturally useless. Take what you need, eat what you can eat, marry a wife you can afford and live in the house you should live in. In my eyes, useless things are just a pile of mud, but they can't stop people from treating them as gold.

Cherish everything around you. Gold is in the soil.