The detailed story of Confucius and Laozi

The detailed story of Confucius and Laozi:

The first time I asked for a gift was in the seventh year of Lu (535 BC), and the place was Fangdang (the place name of Lu).

The second time was in the first 526 years, in Luoyi (now Luoyang, Henan), the capital of the Zhou Dynasty.

The third time was after I returned to my hometown from the office, in my hometown of Lu Yi.

The fourth time was in 500 BC, when I lived in Peipei (now Peize, Pei County, Jiangsu Province).

Every time Confucius asked Laozi for advice, the content of his study was different.

The first time was in the seventh year of Lu.

Due to the internal contradictions of the Zhou royal family, Lao Tzu was framed, removed from his post of keeping Tibetan history and traveled around the world.

He traveled to Lu, and it happened that one of his party members who lived in Lu Lane died. People know that Laozi is a master of Zhou Li, so they asked him to help arrange the funeral.

The day of burial.

Confucius, who was only seventeen years old, also went.

The young Confucius is very studious and especially likes to study The Book of Rites. In childhood, he often took his children to imitate the sacrificial activities of adults.

Whenever there is a sacrifice, Confucius always rushes to learn and asks if there is anything he doesn't understand.

At the age of seventeen, Confucius' mother died, and Confucius provoked a heavy burden of life.

He sometimes acts as undertaker, that is, helping with funerals.

This time, Confucius was also invited to help the mourners. For Lao Tzu, of course, it can only be regarded as the afterlife.

On this day, the funeral procession was in progress and suddenly encountered a solar eclipse.

Lao Tzu told the funeral procession to stop moving forward, stand on the right and stop crying until after the eclipse.

Confucius, who led the coffin in front, didn't understand, but in the face of Laozi, who was proficient in etiquette, he could only do as he said.

After the funeral, Confucius expressed his different views to Laozi.

Confucius thinks it is impolite to stop the coffin halfway. How long will the eclipse last? I don't know. If the deceased is uneasy after waiting too long, it is better to move on.

Laozi explained to Confucius: "When the vassal states saw the emperor, they all made it at sunrise and rested at sunset, and worshipped the ancestral tablets in the car.

When doctors go abroad for home visits, they also do it at sunrise and rest at sunset.

The funeral is the same, not before sunrise.

The only people who see the stars come out in a hurry at night are those who are guilty and those who go home to attend their parents' funeral.

During the eclipse, it was dark, just like at night. For a gentleman who knows manners, he should not put someone else's relatives who just died in such an unfortunate situation.

Therefore, if there is a solar eclipse during burial, it is necessary to stop and wait until after the solar eclipse. "

The situation of Confucius' second rites is as follows: In the twelfth year of Lu Zhaogong (530 BC), the minister who framed Lao Zi was killed, and Lao Zi returned to the historical position of guarding Tibet.

In 526 BC, Lu Zi was twenty-five years old. Not only has he made great progress in his studies, he knows how to be polite, but he is also personable. Many teenagers in Lu worship him as their teacher.

Yi Yazi feels very young. Although she has been paying attention to studying the Book of Rites, her understanding of the Book of Rites is not systematic enough, especially her understanding of its theoretical principles is still very shallow. Isn't it misleading to educate other people's children like this? He thought of Laozi who was buried with him, and the short answer about the funeral left a distinct impression on Confucius. Unfortunately, he is only 17 years old, so he can't ask more questions.

Lao Tzu has now returned to Zhouwangcheng, where there are ancestral temples and rich classics, so he decided to learn from Uncle Nangong, the capital of Zhouwangcheng.

Uncle Nangong is very happy. He invited King Lu and Confucius to study the Rites of Zhou together.

Lu Zhao Gong appreciates their spirit of seeking knowledge very much. Considering their family's relative poverty, he gave them a car, two horses and a boy servant as a help to their study.

Confucius and Uncle Jing of Nangong came to the capital of Zhou Dynasty. When I heard about Kong Qiu's visit, I immediately saw the image of a sincere and studious teenager who asked himself and answered questions when the party helped the funeral in Luguoxiang a few years ago. I was very happy to welcome Confucius out of the door and bring him into the guest room.

This time, the questions raised by Confucius still focused on the funeral.

Kong Qiu asked: "Under what circumstances do you need to invite the temple gods out?"

Laozi replied: "There are several situations.

When the son of heaven or a vassal dies, Taizu invites the gods of the temples to the Taizu Hall, which means that the ancestors will meet for the national mourning, which is stipulated by the ceremony.

After burial, crying and funeral, the temple gods were invited to return to their respective temples. "Laozi particularly emphasized:" Anyone who welcomes God out or back to the temple must have a guard of honor, and idle people should not move. "

Kong Qiu asked again, "The doctor's children aged eight to eleven died. Can I use the clothes coffin? "

Laozi replied, "Children between the ages of eight and eleven died and were buried in the garden, not in the grave, without clothes and coffins." Is to be buried in the ground, not in ancestral graves, nor in coffins (this is still the case in rural China, showing the far-reaching and great influence of Confucius' thought).

Kong Qiu asked again, "Sacrifice and war are national events.

What if there is a war? When parents die halfway, should we stop fighting or continue the war? Laozi replied, "Children should not fight during the mourning for their parents.

Under normal circumstances, you can't take a three-year funeral seriously just because you are greedy for convenience. "

Laozi worked as a librarian in the Zhou Dynasty for thirty years, and became familiar with the corruption of officialdom, and began to understand the essence of the Zhou rites. He seemed to see the ugliness, insidiousness and cunning hidden behind the gentle and affectionate etiquette veil. Zhou Li has become a means for some people to pursue fame and office.

At present, Kong Qiu, who is in her twenties, is eager to study.

From his eyes, manners and temperament, Xi's understanding of Zhou Li can vaguely show a sense of arrogance and desire to enter politics.

Don't talk too much about this young man, just give him a proper knock.

When Kong Qiu said goodbye to him satisfactorily, Lao Tzu said sincerely to Kong Qiu while sending Kong Qiu out: "I heard that rich people give money to others and benevolent people with good character give good words to others.

I don't have money, but I'm barely labeled as a benevolent person. I'll give you some advice! A person who thinks he is smart, likes to talk about the length of others, and thinks he knows a lot about people, so he is close to them.

Dead.

A really smart person won't talk too much, because he knows the reason why many words fail.

A person who thinks he is knowledgeable and omniscient and always likes to expose other people's privacy or mistakes is already very dangerous.

A really smart person is ignorant, just as he is stupid, because he knows the truth of the trouble.

Businessmen with real money always hide their wealth deeply, giving people the appearance of poverty.

A truly moral gentleman always looks like a fool.

I hope you can get rid of your arrogance, excessive desire for fame and wealth and love for self-expression. "

Laozi's inculcation is really impressive.

In his later years, he was always so modest and prudent and not opinionated.

After returning to Shandong, more and more people joined this department.

Confucius' third visit was after Laozi returned to his hometown for the second time, when Confucius was 40 years old and Laozi was 60 years old.

It wasn't long before I returned to the capital of the Zhou Dynasty as a Tibetan guard, and there was internal strife within the Zhou royal family.

After King Zhou Jing died, Wang Zichao succeeded to the throne, but people in the capital didn't like him, so he made Wang Zimeng king.

The two factions have been fighting for years, Wang Zichao.

After the defeat, he snatched a lot of classics and fled to Chu.

Laozi suffered the responsibility of dereliction of duty, lost his official position again and had to return to his hometown after more than 30 years' absence.

After Confucius visited Luoyi and paid his respects to Laozi, his knowledge was greatly improved, his temperament was purer, his style was more simple, and there were more people in Shandong who worshipped him as a teacher.

Not satisfied with his achievements, he continued to visit and study everywhere.

One day, Luz said to his teacher Confucius, "I heard that Lao Zi, the custodian of the Tibetan history of the Zhou royal family, was dismissed and went back to his hometown to live."

If the teacher wants to hide Zhou's royal books, he might as well try to use them. "

"Good idea." Confucius said approvingly.

So Confucius came to Guxian with students and books, and hid in the Zhou royal family. When they met Lao Tzu, they explained their purpose and asked Lao Tzu to recommend them.

To Confucius' surprise, Lao Tzu refused.

Laozi refused to recommend it, not only because the collection of the Zhou royal family existed in name only, but also because Laozi, with his new values, had regarded the books that Confucius was eager to search and sort out as dirt.

However, Confucius did not understand Laozi's new spiritual realm and still regarded him as a scholar who was familiar with the culture of Zhou Li.

So he quoted the Six Classics and tried to convince Laozi with the theory and value of the Six Classics.

I couldn't stop Confucius from complaining, so I had to interrupt him and say, "Your words are too long. I hope you can get to the point. "

Confucius immediately replied: "The essence of the Six Classics lies in benevolence and righteousness.

I measure everything by benevolence and righteousness. "

Lao Tzu smiled and asked, "Is benevolence and righteousness human nature?"

Confucius replied, "Yes! If a gentleman is unkind, he is not a gentleman, and injustice does not exist.

Righteousness is indeed human nature. "

Laozi said, "What is benevolence and righteousness?"

Confucius said, "There is no evil in my heart. I would like things to be harmonious and happy without complaining. I love everyone without being biased, benefiting everyone without being selfish. This is the general idea of benevolence and righteousness. "

Lao Tzu shook his head and said slowly, "Hey! What you said later is really dangerous! Is it too pedantic to talk about fraternity now? Whether it is historical experience or real life, it is clearly confirmed that all selflessness is precisely to achieve selfishness. "

Confucius' visit to Laozi failed to achieve the expected goal. He and Lao Tzu have fundamentally different views on society and the world, and no one can convince anyone.

However, Laozi's dialectical thought was silently and deeply dissolved into Confucius' heart.

Confucius asked Laozi for the fourth time when he was 5l years old, and Laozi was 7 1 year old.

Since 55 1 BC, wars have been going on between Wu Chu, and Wu Jun has hit the vicinity of Lu Yi, and the war has harassed Zhengba Laozi from time to time.

Persuaded by his disciples and family, Lao Zi came to Pei Di (now Peixian County, Jiangsu Province) to avoid chaos and live in seclusion.

I left Zhou Li and began to explore new ways to govern the world, and then explored the origin of the universe, forming a Taoist view of nature, inaction and unity of heaven.

During this period, Confucius in Lu was still troubled by the difficulty of exploring heaven.

When he heard that Laozi lived in seclusion and got the news of heaven through exploration, he decided to visit Laozi again.

He took his students south to Lao Zi's seclusion in Pei Di.

、

Lao Tzu met Confucius and said, "There you are! I heard that you have now become a sage in the north. Do you understand Heaven? "

Confucius replied, "I don't know the heaven yet."

Lao Tzu asked, "How do you pray for heaven?"

Confucius said, "I asked for fame, but I didn't get it for five years."

Laozi asked: "How to get it?"

Confucius said, "I asked for it from the change of yin and yang, but I haven't got it yet."

Lao Tzu said, "Yes.

The way of yin and yang is invisible, inaudible and unspeakable, which is beyond the grasp of general wisdom.

Therefore, the so-called Tao can only be the body Tao. If you try to understand Tao as a tangible and audible thing, your ears can't hear it, your eyes can't see it, you can't express it in words, and there are no proper nouns to express it. You really can't get the word.

Of course, you said you had been looking for it for twelve years.

If Tao can contribute, then man is not king; If Tao can pay tribute, then children will not pay tribute to their parents; If the Tao can be told to others, others will not tell it to their brothers; If Tao can be given to others, there is nothing that people can't give to their children.

However, these are only assumptions and cannot be realized.

The reason is that Tao can't be seen, heard, spoken or sent out.

The key to your efforts to seek Tao lies in your inner consciousness.

If you don't have since the enlightenment in your heart, you can't keep Tao; When since the enlightenment reaches the Tao, he still needs to prove it with the external environment.

If it is not confirmed, the road will not be unimpeded.

Therefore, when there is an inner understanding but it cannot be understood and accepted by outsiders, saints do not tell others by Tao.

If a person only obtains knowledge about Tao from the outside, but does not really understand it from the inside, a saint will not teach him.

Names are common tools in the world, but they are not roads, so you can't take more.

The righteousness you preach is only the inn used by the late king, and it is only for them to stay for one night on the journey of life, not for a long time.

There's no sign of the avenue. A person's trace is too obvious to share its light and dust.

Avenue, will be a lot of blame. "

After Confucius returned to the inn from Laozi, he kept thinking about the avenue that Laozi said, but he always felt in a trance.

For three whole days, he said nothing.

Disciple asked him, "What advice does the teacher have when he sees Lao Zi?"

Confucius replied: "birds, I know they are good at flying;" Fish, I know they are good at swimming; Beasts, I know they are good at running.

For wild animals that are good at running, they can be caught with nets; For fish that are good at swimming, you can fish with a hook; For birds that are good at flying, they can be shot with arrows.

As for the dragon, I don't know how it lasted for nine days.

Laozi's teachings are like dragons, which are combined into a whole, spread into clouds and soar between yin and yang by clouds.

After listening to these reasons, I still feel very lost.

Alas, how can I calculate Lao tze? "

Zi Gong, a student of Confucius, was only twenty years old at this time. After listening to the teacher's description of Laozi's Tao, he was unconvinced. He took the initiative to stand up and said: "Some people actually live very quietly, with a spirit like a dragon in the sky, and silence like thunder, which is touching. Once they are launched, are they like the fate of heaven and earth? " Can I go and see him? "Not convinced that Confucius, the teacher he worships, respects Lao Tzu so much and raises Lao Tzu so much that Zi Gong wants to talk to Lao Tzu.

With the teacher's permission, Zi Gong went to see Lao Zi in the name of Kong Qiu.

In the hall, Lao Tzu saw Zi Gong coming happily. He whispered, "I am old. Do you have any advice for me when you come? "

Zi Gong said: "The three emperors and five emperors governed the world in different ways, but they all left their reputations in history.

I heard that sir, you don't think they are saints, so I said they have different ways of governing the country.

Lao Tzu said, "Young man, a little further, I will tell you how the Three Emperors and Five Emperors govern the world.

The Yellow Emperor ruled the world, making people pure; Governing the world smoothly makes people compete for profits; Governing the world makes people's hearts changeable.

I'll tell you three

The emperor and the five emperors ruled the world together. Although it was governance, it was actually chaos.

With their brains, Huang San ignored the light of the sun and the moon, but violated the nature of mountains and rivers and destroyed the operation of the four seasons.

It can be seen that their thoughts are as poisonous as the tail of a scorpion. Even tiny animals can't get a stable life, but they still think they are saints. Is it not shameful? They are * * *!

Laozi's fierce attack on slavery is unheard of. Hearing this, he panicked and trembled, so he couldn't stand, so he had to say goodbye.