Come, look at the people in the Song Dynasty, eat, drink and be merry.

what was the daily life like in the song dynasty? We might as well see what kind of life an ordinary citizen of the Song Dynasty could live from the perspective of "eating, drinking and having fun". Let's start with "eat". It can be said that the Song Dynasty was the golden age of China cuisine. In China Food, American sinologist Anderson said, "China's great cooking method also came into being in the Song Dynasty. The food in the Tang Dynasty was simple, but by the late Song Dynasty, an exquisite cooking method with local characteristics had been fully confirmed. The rise of local gentry has promoted the study of food: the royal banquet in the court is as luxurious as ever, but it is not as creative as the diet of businessmen and local elites. "In 1998, the American Life Magazine selected 1 events that had the most profound impact on human life in the past 1 years, and restaurants and snacks in the Song Dynasty were selected as the 56th. Snacks in the Song Dynasty are very rich. According to the records of Song people's notes, such as Dream of China in Tokyo and Old Stories of Wulin, in Kaifeng in the Northern Song Dynasty and Hangzhou in the Southern Song Dynasty, there were only noodle dishes, such as soft goat noodles, tung skin noodles, fried noodles with salt, shredded chicken noodles, noodles with meat, three fresh noodles, Hu Die noodles, noodles with bamboo shoots and dried noodles with shrimps. Steamed bread includes mutton steamed bread, bamboo shoots steamed bread, fish steamed bread, crab steamed bread, sugar steamed bread, steamed steamed bread, spinach fruit steamed bread, and mixed-color fried flower steamed bread. Sesame cakes include Melaleuca Cake, Moon Cake, Baked Golden Flower Cake, Milk Cake, Vegetable Cake, Hu Cake, Peony cake Cake, Lotus Cake, Cooked Meat Cake, Chrysanthemum Cake, Plum Cake and Sugar Cake. Pastries include sugar cakes, flower cakes, honey cakes, cake cakes, bee sugar cakes, ice cream cakes, colored cakes, chestnut cakes, wheat cakes, bean cakes, steamed cakes, and Chongyang cakes. Today's five-star hotels may not have so many items on the menu. Hotels in the Song Dynasty are also varied in levels, ranging from food stalls catering to the needs of the urban underclass to luxury hotels with high-end atmosphere. These hotels attract diners with rich dishes, and customers are not allowed to choose: if a guest sits, one person will hold the paper and ask the guests again and again. Everyone is extravagant, shouting at all ends, hot or cold, warm or whole, or absolutely cold, fine pouring, fat pouring, etc. Everyone calls for different things ... In a moment, the left hand of the vegetable grower forks into three bowls, and the right arm folds about twenty bowls from hand to shoulder, and it is not allowed to make mistakes. " It means that as soon as you enter the restaurant, someone will immediately greet your seat and write dishes. Please order whatever you want, and the dishes will be served soon. It can be said that Kaifeng and Hangzhou in the Song Dynasty were simply paradise for eating food. Let's say "drink" again. We are used to drinking some drinks today, and people in Song Dynasty also had drinks called boiled water and cold water. "Cooked water" is equivalent to today's Cantonese herbal tea, and the more common ones are fragrant flower cooked water, agarwood cooked water, perilla cooked water and cardamom cooked water. People in the Song Dynasty liked drinking very much, and of course there were all kinds of drinks on the market. "Dream of China in Tokyo" said that in June, people were selling "ice and snow cold water and litchi paste" at the stranger's mouth of Lane and the street of Qiaomen in the Capital of Song Dynasty, and all of them used green cloth umbrellas to pile up beds and stools in the street. Ice and snow are the most abundant outside the old Song Dynasty, so they use silverware. " "Old Stories of Wulin" also records all kinds of cold water sold in Hangzhou: "Sweet bean soup, coconut wine, bean water, deer pear pulp, halogen plum water, ginger honey water, papaya juice, tea, heavy perfume, litchi paste water, bitter water, kumquat ball, snow bubble and spleen-shrinking drink, Mei Huajiu, Xiangzi drink, Wuling Dashun powder and perilla. On a hot summer day, it's nice to drink a bowl of cold water. Say "play" again. There are many common "playing" tools and "playing" methods in the Song Dynasty. Let's just talk about one desktop game. The table games that Song people often played in their leisure time include chess, backgammon, horse-beating, and Ye Zixi. When China's chess developed to the Song Dynasty, it was basically stereotyped, and a "cannon" appeared; "Double Land", similar to today's flying chess, prevailed in the streets of Song Dynasty. The play of "Beating a Horse" is similar to that of "Backland", but it may be more complicated and * * *. Li Qingzhao, a well-known poetess, is the master of "Beating a Horse". A more interesting table game is Ye Zixi, a card game. According to the records of the Ming Dynasty, there are 4 cards in Ye Zixi, which are four colors, namely, 1,, 1,, 1,, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, Some scholars believe that in the 13th century, Kyle came to China? Polo brought "Ye Zi Opera" back to Europe, and it became popular among aristocrats from then on. After long-term improvement and evolution, it finally became today's playing cards. In China, however, "Ye Zi Opera" evolved in another direction and became "Horse Hanging", which is today's mahjong. From this point of view, Chinese Mahjong and Western Poker have different forms and ways of playing, but after investigation, they are of the same origin, both of which originated from the "Ye Zi Opera" in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Finally, let's talk about the "music" of people in the Song Dynasty. The entertainment life of Song people is also quite colorful. They can go to Washe Goulan to watch various entertainment performances. The so-called washe was the entertainment center of the city in Song Dynasty. The so-called Goulan is a music shed located in the tile house. In the Goulan, zaju and historical lectures, puppet shows, shadow plays, acrobatics and other programs are performed day and night. In addition to goulan, there are many drugs, selling divination, drinking old clothes (selling old clothes), exploring blogs (gambling), eating, shaving, cutting paper and painting, making music and so on in the tile house, which is really lively. Therefore, regardless of winter and summer, regardless of wind and rain, there is a performance at the Washe Goulan every day. "Don't judge people by wind and rain, but by the sheds, every day is like this"; A day passes before you know it. "I live here all day, and I don't feel it." In addition to the Washe Goulan, artists also went to various busy places in the Song Dynasty to perform various programs, such as blowing bombs, dancing, zaju, juggling, winning flowers (magic), clay pills, drums, throwing pots, playing flowers, cuju, distributing tea, making water and stepping on mixed wood (acrobatics). Watching these entertainment shows is enough for you to kill a day.