Brief introduction of Chen Taiqiu and He's father and son

Chen Yuanfang, a gifted scholar in Shi Shuo.

Chen Yuanfang was born in Xuchang, Yingchuan (now Xu Changdong, Henan) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In Shi Shuo Xin Yu, there are at least eight articles directly introducing Chen Yuanfang's words and deeds, which are distributed in six schools: Germany, Speech, Politics, Religion, Regulations, Literature and Huisu. These eight records, in addition to the content of Virtue 10 (Hua Xin met her children very well, although she was in a spare room, Yan Ruoze was in the canon. Chen Yuanfang's brothers love freely, but in The Second Door, two of them are vague, and the other seven are seven wonderful moments, which record the life of Chen Yuanfang and his family.

If we want to talk about Chen Yuanfang, we must talk about his father Chen Taiqiu first. Tai Wei was originally a place name in Henan, and his father was the chief executive of Henan, so people later called him "Chen Taiwei". This man is an honest official, and his family is so humble that there is no servant to pull the cart. When Fu is summoned, ask his eldest son, Chen Yuanfang, to pull the rickshaw himself. The old man sat in the car with his grandson in his arms, and his second son, Ji Fang, went on to take the luggage. When they arrived in Zaifu, the host gave them a banquet. At that time, the eight famous people were called "Eight Dragons". One opened the door for them, the other served wine, and the other six dragons took turns setting dishes. It can be seen that the courtesy received by the Chen family and his son is very, very high (see "Virtue" 6, Chen Taiqiu's concept of Xunlang Mausoleum, poor and frugal, without servants, so that he can drive a sedan chair and follow it with a stick, and his long article is still small, carrying a sedan chair. Xun immediately sent his uncle to answer the door. Ciming drank wine, ate dinner and sat on his lap. Master Yu said, "A real person travels eastward. This unique scenery became a local anecdote, and people even gave the father and son three portraits, which were widely praised as "real people traveling eastward" and respected them as "three kings".

The proudest thing in Master Chen's life should be that he gave birth to two sons, Chen and Chen. These two sons are very knowledgeable and knowledgeable, and these two sons gave birth to his outstanding grandson. Chen Jiake is full of talents. One day, Fiona Fang's son Chang Wen and Ji Fang's son Xiao Xian quarreled. They boasted about their father's achievements and lofty moral standards. After a long quarrel, they were neck and neck. Two dolls ran to Grandpa Chen Taiqiu and asked him to draw a conclusion. Unexpectedly, the old man said unhurriedly, "In terms of knowledge and conduct, Yuan and Ji each have their own strengths, and they are brothers. It is difficult to tell the good from the bad!" (See "Virtue" No.8, the son of Chen Yuanfang has a long article, talented people come forth in large numbers, and the filial piety of the son of Ji Fang comes first. It is indisputable that his father's merits are discussed. Qiu said after deliberation, "Fiona Fang is very difficult for my brother, but Ji Fang is very difficult for my brother. I don't know if the two younger brothers will be satisfied with Grandpa's decision, but Grandpa's heartfelt pride and appreciation, as well as his outstanding talent and knowledge, can't help but make future generations jealous of their parents' life-if they have children, what else can they ask for? This story is very popular and has become an idiom called "He is my brother". The word "Nan" is pronounced in a flat tone (that is, "Yi" in spoken Mandarin). Originally, it meant "each has his own strengths, and it is difficult to tell the difference." Today, it has been interpreted as "difficult" in Suffering, and the pronunciation of "difficult" has also become disyllabic (that is, "four tones" in spoken Mandarin), and it has become "together" today. Occasionally, in some uncommon articles, the word "difficult" has been read as a level tone, meaning "mocking the same bad" and taking the opposite meaning. But later, no matter what the explanation is, it is not the original face.

Chen Yuanfang has been very good since he was a child. Shi Shuo Xin Yu recorded several stories of his childhood:

Story 1: When Chen Yuanfang was seven years old, one day his father, Chen Taiqiu, invited a friend to go out and meet him at noon. It's past noon, Taiqiu left without waiting. Later, the man came and Chen Yuanfang was playing outside the door. The man asked Fiona Fang, "Is your father at home?" Fiona Fang replied, "When you didn't come for a long time, he had already left." The man lost his temper and scolded, "What a bad thing! I asked someone else to go with me, but I left without others! " Fiona Fang said, "You have an appointment with my father to start together at noon. If it is not noon, it is not trustworthy. " It is impolite to scold your father for your son. "The man suddenly felt embarrassed and ashamed, so he got out of the car and wanted to shake hands with Fiona Fang, but he didn't want Fiona Fang to walk into his house and never look back. (See Founder, Chen Taiqiu and his friends, and the period was in Japan. If you don't pass the customs in the middle, you will go to Qiu, even after you go. Fiona Fang is seven years old and playing outside the door. The guest asked Fiona Fang, "Is Zunjun there? Answer: "I haven't been here long and have already left." The friend got angry and said, "No humanity!" Go with people, go with people. Fiona Fang said: "If you and your family don't arrive in Japan, you will have no faith." : It is impolite to scold your father. "Friends shame, get off. Fiona Fang ignored this entry. The author explains the importance of "faith" and "ceremony" from the opposite side with the reproachful language of the past. Chen Yuanfang, at an early age, spoke calmly and confronted aggressive adults, pointing out that they were not only "treacherous" but also "rude". He spoke bravely, forcing the other party to be speechless, and walked in with a kiss xiu to show his attitude It's really amazing that he had such insight when he was seven years old.

Story 2: Chen Taiqiu's family is poor and has no servants. When the guests arrived, Chen talked with them all night and told his eldest son and second son to cook for the guests. Two little brothers put rice in the pot to listen to the adults. When I was hooked, I forgot to continue fishing for steamed rice and cooked the dry rice that should have been made into porridge. Master Chen came to ask, answered honestly, and listened to the adults. Father Chen then asked them, "Tell me, what did you hear?" The two brothers quickly repeated their feelings and remembered the main points clearly. Lao Chen was very satisfied and said, "porridge is porridge. Why steam rice?" (Uighur 1, guests stay in Chen Taiqiu, who makes Fiona Fang and Ji Fang cook. The guest consulted with Qiu, and when they entered the fire, they all ordered to eavesdrop. If you forget to cook, rice will fall into the pot. Qiu asked, "Why not distill when cooking? Fiona Fang and Ji Fang knelt down and said, "Adults and guests were eavesdropping. They forgot to cook, so today's meal was ruined. Qiu said, "Do you know anything?" ? "Yes," I seem to remember. "The second son knelt down and said that it was easier to catch each other and there was no loss. Qiu said, "So what's the point of eating? "? Father Chen is a well-educated father. Seeing that his son loves learning so much, he is very pleased, and he is not responsible for correcting some small omissions caused by diligent study. I believe that the guests on that day, since they are all people who can talk to Master Chen all night, should have a very high standard, and they will never feel rude to the Chen family because the two children didn't cook well. Maybe they will invite both children to eat together at dinner and continue to talk about knowledge and conduct. This story is the first "Su Hui" in Shi Shuo Xin Yu, which shows the author's admiration. Later, the Chen Yuanfang brothers became famous for their erudition, which was directly related to their good learning atmosphere, diligent study and active study.

Story 3: Chen Yuanfang was born in a noble family, and his father was a government official. From an early age, he saw the world and the cunning of officialdom clearly. Someone once tried every means to induce him to comment on the dynasty and his father in words. Chen Yuanfang has his own opinion, but he won't say it when the other party has ulterior motives. But to judge the ancients, neither against one's will, nor to make the other side catch something (see "Speech" 6, Yingchuan satrap Chen Zhonggong. A guest asked Fiona Fang, "How is your husband? Fiona Fang said, "A wise king is also." "The first step? Holden: Holden loyal minister and dutiful son. The guest said, "It's easier said than done:" If two people are United, their profits will be cut off; The difference between one thought and another. "How can have a wise king, but loyal and dutiful son? Fiona Fang said, "What a ridiculous thing! So don't answer. "The guest said," The first step is that I can't answer because I am too respectful. Fiona Fang said, "In the past, Emperor Gaozong asked his son to be filial to himself, Yin Jifu asked his son to be a birch, and Dong Zhongshu asked his son to sign up. Only these three kings, wise kings; Only these three sons are loyal ministers and dutiful sons. " The guest retired in shame. ) its wit and strain can be seen. When he was 1 1 years old, one day he was asked to comment on the achievements of his father Chen in Taiwei. Chen Yuanfang commented on his father's achievements with a very proud tone, thinking that his father was great. I didn't want Yuan Gong to hear me, but smiled and said, "I've done this before. Did your father imitate me or did I imitate your father? " This question is difficult to answer. A little carelessness will bring shame. I don't think Yuan Gong really wants to know who learned who, but deliberately embarrassed Chen Yuanfang. I don't want Chen Yuanfang to blurt out: "Duke Zhou and Confucius are people of different times, and the practice of being an official is equally understandable, but no one is anyone's teacher!" (See the third volume of Political Science. Chen Yuanfang is waiting for Yuan Gong at eleven o'clock. Yuan Gong asked, "The virtuous gentleman is in Taiwei, and his name is near and far. What can he do? " ? Fiona Fang said, "My father is in Taiqiu, the strong are virtuous, and the weak are benevolent. Take it as long as possible." Yuan Gong said, "Those who go alone are doing this. I didn't know your family was lonely and your father was lonely. Fiona Fang said: "Duke Zhou and Confucius come from different worlds, and they are just like Wan Li. Duke Zhou does not learn from Confucius, and Confucius does not learn from Duke Zhou. " Such a clever answer not only takes care of each other's dignity, but also preserves your own dignity. They are neither arrogant nor natural, nor do harm to others or themselves. I think Yuan Gong will secretly nod, amazed. There is something intriguing about this story: the protagonist of this story is a child, but it belongs to neither Sui Huimen, which specializes in telling stories about children's early wisdom, nor the words recorded in general speech, but the political door, which specializes in the way of officials' administration, which shows how high the evaluation of this matter is by future generations.

Chen Yuanfang is also a man of temperament. After his father died, he cried his eyes out and was as thin as a bone. His mother pitied him and wrapped his body in a brocade quilt. It happened that a friend came to offer condolences. Seeing Chen Yuanfang like this, it is immoral to accuse his father of being honored for his funeral. (See Rule Proverbs No.3, Chen Yuanfang was mourned, cried and mourned by his father, and his body stood upright. His mother was in a hurry and stole brocade to cover her body. Guo hung it up and saw it. He said: "You are a talented person in China, and you are right in all four directions. How can you be mourned and covered? " Confucius said: Jin is also a rice eater. What about you? "I won't take it!" Leave when you are tired. Since then, guests have lived here for hundreds of days. Obviously, filial piety to relatives cannot be judged by whether it was fulfilled at that time. The hypocrisy of paying attention to form while ignoring truth has always been despised by Chen Yuanfang. When I saw the books here, I thought of the nearby countryside I saw, especially those small mountain villages that have been bitter and cold so far. Over the years, many elderly people who have lost their ability to work because of poverty have been pushed around by their children and refused to support themselves. When the old people were alive, most of them lacked clothes and food, and their material spirit was not well taken care of. As soon as they died, their children wept bitterly. They asked the troupe, monks and Taoist priests to take turns doing things, making paper ingots and buying steamed pig heads for sacrifice (cakes for sacrifice), which lasted for tens of thousands of days or even half a month. The villagers watched the excitement happily for a few days, and also judged whether their children were filial by whether the funeral was a big deal. Although the Confucian culture is extensive and profound, the word "filial piety" has been tossed beyond recognition for more than two thousand years, and a lot of hypocrisy has entered the room under the pretext of so-called "morality", which has led to many distortions of human nature, many hypocritical and even vicious stories, and even become an important part of national inferiority.