How to create a better environment for kindergarten classes

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Reggio believes that the environment is a "container that can support society, exploration and learning." Obviously, some people think that the impact of the environment as an educational resource on young children is implicit, and this view is somewhat one-sided. The reason for saying this is also based on the fact that the scope of environmental creation (referring to indoor and outdoor environments and corner environments) is increasingly perfected and refined; the content (referring to the expression of small environment content) is increasingly enriched; and the objects (referring to the builders of the environment, including children and teachers) ) are increasingly equalized. For various reasons, the spirit of the new "Outline" leads us to rethink and review, and reposition and change.

1. From the perspective of the art field, talk about the creation of the theme environment and embody beauty

The overall goal of art activities is to guide children to discover beauty, inspire children to express beauty, create beauty, and improve Aesthetic ability. Here, discovering beauty is the key, expressing beauty is the foundation, and creating beauty is improvement. Children in the upper class have some experience in feeling beauty, and they will have unique judgments on beauty. Sometimes, what adults think is beautiful is not recognized by children (this is related to their understanding and development ability). Therefore, we can only respect young children as a premise.

1. Comprehensive coordination, zero but not chaos

In the theme activity "Colorful World", children rushed to express the various leaves they observed in paintings. They put up their own beautiful paintings, and the teacher also helped with the posting work. In the end, almost all the children in the class had their paintings on the wall. You can imagine what it would be like to put all the dozens of pictures on the wall. I went to take a look in a few days and found that most of the children's drawings were gone. In response to this phenomenon, what we need to reflect on is: the concept of facing the whole is good, but we must pay attention to the method; arbitrarily taking down the paintings that the child thinks is good is a denial of the child, and how much negative stimulation does this kind of action have on the child? Can we use the most appropriate method to show children's achievements? I think: Absolutely! Just like the simplest production, decorate a big tree, ask the children to cut out the leaves they created and paste them on the tree, attach If you want to say it, wouldn't this kill two birds with one stone? Not only is it beautiful, but it can also satisfy children's desire for expression.

2. Pay attention to the whole and emphasize "blank space"

After comprehensive coordination, it is necessary to comprehensively display works that are recognized by children's aesthetics. When laying out the entire article, it is necessary to consider that children are constantly developing individuals. The acquisition of their experience can continue to be expressed in future activities. The subsequent performance has been improved by the children's internalization and has a certain extent. So we proposed "blank space". The function of “blank space” is to provide space for children to display more layered works after they have been internalized. Regarding the "blank" external image design, we can completely let go and allow children to freely choose appropriate areas and reserve them based on their aesthetics. In this way, there is also comparison before and after, and it also has different promoting effects on different individuals.

⒊Focus on continuity and generate expectations

There is not much continuity between the content of some topics, resulting in children rarely going back to pay attention to the previous topic after creating a topic. The former theme naturally becomes "decoration". How to continue to play the role of the past tense theme? At the beginning, the teacher can purposefully have a comprehensive grasp of the distribution of each theme. In addition to the usual conscious guidance, he can use some small details to cleverly design some small marks, such as numbers. Mark, symbol mark, write "1" on the first topic, and mark the direction with an arrow. Next, the children will involuntarily think of "2", "3"... and look forward to what will be in "2", "3", etc. , in order to tap the curiosity of young children.

2. Talk about the creation of thematic environment from the perspective of the scientific field and accumulate perceptual experience

"Be interested in the surrounding things and phenomena, have curiosity and thirst for knowledge", this is One of the goals in the scientific field in the new Outline. To achieve this goal, children should have abundant perceptual experience.

The accumulation of perceptual experience needs to be generated through the stimulation of the sensory organs. Children must first become interested in the appearance of things, then have a desire to further explore, and finally transform into internal driving force, and then start the next cycle, that is, external sensory stimulation. —gt; internal digestion and accumulation —gt; motivation generation —gt; further needs, and so on, constantly enriching. So, what kind of visual impression should we provide in the theme environment that can attract children's attention? Let's take "head to toe" as an example to explain step by step.

⒈The basis for creation - pay attention to the suitability of stimuli

For young children, it is extremely tempting to explore the mysteries of their own bodies. Help them understand their bodies and satisfy their desires. They will Have fun doing it. Therefore, choosing appropriate content has first passed their psychological threshold, laying the foundation for them to actively and willingly participate and obtain.

2. Creation conditions - pay attention to the breadth of stimuli

The breadth of stimuli means that the provision of stimuli must be rich. In this way, children can pay attention and think for a longer period of time. After studying the teeth, you can also study the internal organs, after studying the internal organs, you can also study the joints, and so on. Their discoveries will become more and more as they continue to deepen, their interest will become higher and higher, and their gains will be obvious.

⒊Performance of creation - ensuring the display of stimuli

Because in addition to the externally observable parts of the human body, there are also parts that cannot be directly understood at a glance, so the transfer of this knowledge It cannot be solved by just relying on verbal description. Direct visual impact will be more effective.

So we use the theme platform to present more to children and help them understand better. As for the performance after understanding, children will not only express it in language, but also use hands-on expression. In fact, a production process is also a process of consolidating existing knowledge, and of course it is necessary to ensure the display of the consolidation results.

3. Discuss the creation of thematic environment from the perspective of the social field and enhance self-confidence

Children are "indispensable" for the creation of a thematic environment. Without their creation, Wisdom, what can we show? Without their daily accumulation of experience, how could there be creation? It is precisely because of their efforts and dedication that they have gained something. For adults, although the hard journey is long, if they are finally recognized, the spiritual impact can make them forget the hardships. Children do not have the psychological adjustment ability of adults, so the reasonable use of positive reinforcement can have immediate results. When children's work results are recognized, their self-confidence will also be stable. We can feel it from the following case -

After school, I didn’t pay much attention to what Yu Heng and his mother were doing at the door. After waiting for a long time, I saw Yu Heng happily pulling his mother. I walked towards the back wall with my hand, and I followed and listened -

"Mom, I drew this, do you think it's good?"

"Very good." OK! Tell Mom what you drew?"

"The teacher asked us to draw happy things. Mom, look, this is me and my dad fishing, I feel very happy; this is playing on the slide. ; This is playing with a top; and ┄┄”

“Oh——”

“Mom, the children all said that I painted very well, so the teacher put my painting on the Here, let them see!”

Looking at Yu Heng’s confident expression and listening to the mother and son communicating harmoniously and happily – yes, they will always be confident in themselves, and we cannot erase their expression of confidence. . Of course, the establishment of self-confidence does not happen overnight. Appropriate praise can stimulate children's initiative. Please look at another case, which also happened to Yu Heng. Before the previous case -

In the morning we all have a conversation time, usually around the changes in the theme wall, and we are very concerned about " "Leave blank" content.

My eyes kept moving when I looked at the pairs of little hands raised high.

When my eyes shifted to Yu Heng, he put the roots of his hands on his cheeks and tilted his fingers outwards, as if he was doing something wrong. There was doubt but expectation in his eyes. I know he also wants to introduce his work, but he still has concerns. "Yu Heng, please tell me. I know you definitely want to introduce it to the children." As soon as I finished speaking, he carefully picked up his "baby" and walked to everyone. His voice was not too loud when he started to introduce it. , I "murmured" in his ear, and after a moment of silence, something changed. He said with devotion: "My house has a special place. There are many traps around the house. Only the owner of the house can Only people know where the trap is, and when bad guys come, they will fall into it." Yu Heng finished speaking in one breath. The other children listened with interest. I took advantage of the situation to praise him and asked him to arrange the painting to "blank space". and made further requests to him, hoping that he would tell the children about his paintings when he was free. He readily accepted it with a smile on his face.

It was in this bit of affirmation that Yu Heng gradually built up his confidence through his favorite method. In future activities, I often see him and some children "fumbling" in front of various topics.

In summary, in the creation of a theme environment, whether the environment can interact with children is the key. Language is a direct tool for communication throughout the entire education process. Whether it is in the artistic field, scientific field, social field, etc., it is inseparable from the interactive effect of language. As the "second language of young children", the environment is obviously aimed at the environment. It can provide a platform for children to speak. The creation of the theme environment provides children with a wider space for communication, allowing children to create beauty, acquire knowledge, experience success, strengthen communication, and promote children's development in an all-round way.

At the same time, we should be clearly aware that the environment is changing our lives. We should re-evaluate the situation and adjust our inherent concepts correctly and timely to better serve education.