Where is the demolition in Guangzhou?

Learn to master the characters' images according to their performances, explore the causes of character formation from the relationship between characters (environment), and understand the purpose of the novel.

Feel the artistic consequences of irony and learn to use irony.

Process and method

Read the full text and clarify the plot.

Read the performance silently, perceive and reproduce the characters, deepen the understanding of the characters and themes, and experience the expression effect of irony.

Practice in class, try to apply irony in novels to writing, and deepen the understanding of irony.

Feelings and attitudes

Stimulate students' interest in browsing classical novels and cultivate their enthusiasm for ancient civilization.

Key points, difficulties and breakthrough methods of education

Grasp the characters and explore the causes of personality; Understand the theme of the novel. (Breakthrough method: read the performance, grasp the character image by combining the text-character performance, and explore the causes of the character and the theme of the novel)

Feel the artistic effect of irony and learn to use irony. (Breakthrough: Understand the artistic effect of irony in recitation performance, train communication in class composition, and deepen the understanding of irony)

Teaching preparation

Multimedia courseware, video of Fan Jinzhong Drama.

Preview homework: refer to Wu, The Scholars, the imperial examination system in Ming and Qing Dynasties and other related materials. Reading the Plot Related to Jin Fan in The Scholars

Discussion before class: with examples, talk about the understanding of the sentence "exaggeration is both rhetoric and writing".

Class deployment

Two classes.

The focus of the first lesson: Wu, literati and the imperial examination system in Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The plot related to Jin Fan.

Read through the novel, the plot of the novel, and initially perceive the characters.

"exaggeration"

Fan Jinzhong gathers videos.

The second kind of emphasis: characters and novel themes; Irony.

first kind

course content

Wu and The Scholars

Wu (1701-1754), whose real name was Wu Shumin, was Mubai wrong in his later years; Anhui Quanjiao people; He is the author of twelve volumes of Wenmu Fang Shan's Poems, and there are four existing volumes.

Wu grew up in a legacy home, and later fell into poverty.

In his early years, during his career as a bureaucratic gentry, junior, businessman, celebrity diners and other "upper class", he angrily saw bureaucratic partiality, the gentry's decisive accent, the dull and groggy children of the rich, the mercenary people in the industry, the artistry of celebrities and the imposters of diners.

From the life of the rich to the poor, he deeply felt the capricious faces of those "upper class people"

Wu Yisheng experienced three generations of Kang, Yong and Gan in Qing Dynasty. At that time, the rulers used Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism to rule the thoughts of Han scholars, so they used the imperial examination system to select and imprison scholars, which made many intellectuals fall into the scam of seeking money and become stupid, ignorant, despicable and shameless philistines.

Wu saw through this dark political and corrupt social fashion, and he hated the literati's obsession with fame and fortune and their enthusiasm for imperial examinations.

Preface to The Scholars: "His books focus on fame and fortune: those who are interested in fame and fortune and flatter others; There are people who stand tall by fame and fortune; Those who have no intention of fame and wealth, no intention of self-esteem, and are ridiculed; Finally, fame and fortune and resignation, the top of the product is the pillar of the country. " The first three types of people mentioned here are the objects of criticism by the author of the novel.

Lu Xun's evaluation of The Scholars is: "Insist on public interests, point out the disadvantages of the times and take the initiative to attack, especially in The Scholars;" Its writing is both emotional and harmonious, graceful and ironic ... "

General procedure of imperial examination in Ming and Qing dynasties

Students (students, scholars) (students-students with the best grades-students with good grades-freshmen) are related to Jin Fan.

..... Zhou Xuedao sat in the class and saw those boys come in, young and old, well-dressed, short-sighted, well-dressed and ragged. Finally, a boy came in, sallow and emaciated, with a gray beard and a broken felt hat on his head. Although the weather in Guangdong is warm, it is already the tenth day of early spring; The boy was still wearing a summer dress, begging, shrinking with cold, holding paper and getting down to the number.

Zhou Xuedao looked in his heart and closed the door. In the season when I came out to put the top card, I sat on it and saw the boy in linen come up and hand in the paper. Because the clothes were rotten, several pieces were torn in the number. Zhou Xuedao, look at yourself, wearing a robe and a ribbon. How smart is it? He looked through the roster and asked the boy, "Are you Jin Fan?" Jin Fan knelt down and said, "Tong Sheng is". Xuedao: "How old are you this year?" Jin Fan said: "The Tongsheng book says Tongsheng is 30 years old, but Tongsheng is actually 54 years old." Xuedao: "How many times did you take the exam?" Fan Jindao: "Tong Sheng took the joint exam at the age of 20 and has taken it more than 20 times so far." Learn: "How can you not go to school?" Jin Fan said: "It is always because Tong Sheng's writing is absurd, so your masters have never won it." Zhou Xuedao: "Not necessarily. Go out and wait for the paper to read carefully. " Jin Fan kowtowed.

It was still early at that time, and no boys handed in their papers. Zhou Xuedao looked at Jin Fan's paper purposefully. I don't like it in my heart. "What are these words saying?" ! No wonder I don't go to school. "Throw it aside and stop looking. After sitting for a while, no one came to hand in the paper. I thought, "Why don't you read Jin Fan's paper again?" If there is a glimmer of light, pity his hard work. "I read it from beginning to end and felt a little interesting; I was about to watch it again when a boy came to hand in his papers.

The boy knelt down and said, "I want an interview." Snow Road and Yan Road: "Your writing style is already here. What are you interviewing for? " The boy said, "This child knows all the poems, words, songs and poems. Please give me an oral test." Learning Tao changed his face and said, "Today's emperors attach importance to articles, so why talk about Han and Tang Dynasties?" People like you should only concentrate on making a fuss; What do you want to learn from those mixed eyes? Besides, I came to talk to you about miscellaneous studies because I came to write this paper. Seeing that you are so famous, unrealistic and naturally dereliction of duty is all unintentional and frivolous. I can't stand it! Left and right! Drive out! "After a warning, several fierce workers passed by on both sides, crossed the boy's shoulder and stumbled all the way to the gate. Although Zhou Xuedao kicked him out, he also took a look at the paper. The boy's name is Wei, and his handwriting is clear. Learning style: "Let him go to school in a low profile. "Because I took the pen, I clicked at the end of the paper to remember it. I picked up Jin Fan's paper and looked at it. After reading it, I sighed, "I can't understand such words after reading them once or twice." It was not until three times that I realized that this was a masterpiece between heaven and earth. This is really a word and a pearl! It can be seen that the world is cold, and I don't know how many talents have been wronged! " Busy picked up the pen, carefully circled it, and added three circles on the surface of the paper, that is, filled in the first place; He also took Wei's paper and filled in the twentieth place. Collect all the volumes and bring them in. Jin Fan is the first mountain case. I was really grateful when we met that day. At the age of 20, Wei went up, and some words of encouragement, such as "doing business with heart, dropping out of school and reading miscellaneous books", were publicized. The next day, Jin Fan got off the horse and was sent three miles away alone to salute in front of the sedan chair. Zhou Xuedao called him again and said, "The dragon head is an old man. "Here, look at what you wrote, the fire is here; It is in this branch that it must be developed, Japanese inflatable dolls. I will wait for you in Beijing after the phone call. " Fan4 jin4 kowtowed again and stood up. Learn the Tao and shoulder it, and rush away. Jin Fan stood and saw the shadow of the door passing over the hill in front, but he was gone. He just went back to a lower place and thanked the landlord. His home is still forty-five miles from the city, and he came back to visit his mother overnight.

(Text content)

"exaggeration"

1 exaggeration; Exaggerate.

Rhetoric refers to the use of exaggerated words to describe things in order to inspire the imagination of listeners or readers and enhance the power of what they say.

(3) refers to the technique of describing certain characteristics of the object in literary and artistic creation.

Used in sentences is rhetoric and used in articles is writing. Sometimes it is both rhetoric and writing, which is very common in ancient poetry.

Teaching process and student activities

1 Preview homework results emerge

Introduction: Wu, Jin Shi, Ming and Qing imperial examination system and other related materials, as well as related plots.

Presentation: Students use multimedia to present the results of consulting materials, and communicate and implement them.

The purpose of link design is to introduce the author and highlight the author's attitude against the imperial examination system; This paper introduces The Scholars, focusing on the art of satire. The time is not long, but it can sponsor students to understand this text and stimulate students' interest in reading the whole book)

Students exchange their understanding of the sentence "exaggeration is both a rhetoric and a writing".

The goal of link design is to clear the conceptual obstacle for students to understand the ironic effect of exaggerated writing in this article-exaggeration is both rhetoric and writing.

3. Students read the full text and understand the content of the novel.

The result appeared: the students repeated the outline of the content.

The purpose of link design is that this story is very long and takes time, so there is no need to repeat it in detail. However, the outline is of great benefit to cultivate students' comprehensive content ability and improve their oral confession skills. It can also help students understand the development process of story paragraphs and prepare for the following discussion and analysis. Links break through the key points, and you should master the main points of each paragraph before you talk about the outline.

After class training

Annotate in the narrative of the book-the description method of the characters, the description of the image environment of the characters and the role of the rest.

Second lesson

course content

1 character image

Beom Kim

"preface to the scholars" "his books focus on fame and fortune: those who are interested in fame and fortune and flatter others; There are people who stand tall by fame and fortune; Those who have no intention of fame and wealth, no intention of self-esteem, and are laughed at by others; The last resignation was fame and fortune, and the top level of products was the main one. " The first three types of people mentioned here are all the objects of criticism by the novel author.

Jin Fan can be roughly classified as a "servant".

"Servant" is also called modesty to people. More accurately, it is to silently accept insults, contempt and ridicule from people around, and dare not have a little confrontation.

Jin Fan's "servant" is surprisingly accurate. For example, after winning the Scholar Award, Butcher Hu said that he was a "worldly treasure", but in fact, he "just said and didn't do it" without making a defense; In order to take part in the provincial examination, Hu borrowed the travelling expenses, but he was spat out and scolded a dog. After listening to those unpleasant words, he only stayed on "scratching the door"-such a "servant" almost collapsed in the field! It's really cowardly and humiliating.

This is true for butcher Hu, and it is also true for others.

One of the causes of personality

Jin Fan's character is caused by his embarrassing life in this field for more than 30 years.

For more than 30 years, he has been eager for fame and success, but failed again and again. All he got was contempt and ridicule from the people around him.

He finally admitted to the scholar, but people thought that the master pitied him and "gave up" him.

He is in a desperate situation. He couldn't believe it when his neighbor went to the collection and told him that he had won the bid. It is this almost disappointing psychological reflection.

At that time, scholars were keen on the imperial examination, and once they succeeded in fame, they were ecstatic. In addition, it has been 35 years since Jin Fan began to take the exam at the age of 20. After such a long wait, his wish finally came true. How can he be mad with joy? It is naturally glorious for Fan to come in, but it is humiliating to be slapped. This is the author's intention to whip his ugly soul, which has a strong irony.

At the beginning, I listed "Yan Yan's fame" in detail:

I thought to myself, "Master said my temperature has reached. Since ancient times, there has been no juror outside the venue. If I don't go in to test him, how can I be willing? " Because I discussed with several co-defendants and didn't tell my father-in-law, I went to the city to take an after-school exam.

(2) Out of the field, even if you go home. This family has been hungry for two or three days. -let my mother and wife go hungry, and I will go to the imperial examination.

(3) the plot of madness.

classroom discussion

Jin Fan was overjoyed. Is it comedy or tragedy? Combined with the detailed description in the article, talk about my own views. Comedy often exposes and laughs at ugly things or outdated scenes, while tragedy often indicates the destruction of valuable things.

A farce. The reason is:

(1) madness and Hu's slapping are all exaggerations.

(2) Exposed the ugly soul of literati who were keen on fame and fortune and the flattering face of scholars at that time.

(3) Jin Fan finally woke up and had a happy ending.

The reason for the tragedy is:

(1) It is a tragedy that Jin Fan squandered his life in the imperial examination room.

(2) It is a social tragedy to imprison common sense elements in the framework of the imperial examination system and obliterate his unique personality and free soul. Hutuhu

Butcher Hu is a philistine who hates the rich and loves the rich.

Before his promotion, Jin Fan regarded him as a "worldly treasure", "decadent, honest and useless person" and even "flogged" a scholar. Jin Fan tried to take a picture in the middle of the picture, which was extremely ironic and ironic. What "frogs want to eat swan meat" and what "sharp-billed monkeys should look at themselves" are all rude words.

After Jin Fan was promoted, he called Jin Fan a "good husband", praised Jin Fan for his "high talent and good looks" in public, and really praised Jin Fan to the sky-saying that he was a "star in the sky".

Butcher Hu's attitude towards is completely different. To put it bluntly, it is because "my uncle is not what he used to be, and many people send money to your door." From this point of view, every cell of this person is full of money desire.

The image significance of Hu (with others and others)

The change of Hu's attitude towards (harmony with others) reflected the social situation that people hated poverty and loved wealth at that time, and also revealed the reasons why they were keen on the imperial examination.

2 novel theme

Ironically, Jin Fan, a scholar who is keen on Kung Fu sentences, shows the indifference of the social world; Exposed the distortion of human nature by the feudal imperial examination system.

3 satire

(1) exaggeration

Jin Fan was so excited that he woke up after being slapped. This is the basic plot of the story, which is exaggerated. This seems bizarre, but as Lu Xun said, it is also "the truth that will happen", so it can be trusted. Scholars at that time were keen on the imperial examination, and once they achieved fame, they were ecstatic. In addition, it has been 35 years since Jin Fan began to take the exam at the age of 20. After such a long time of expectation, his wish finally came true. How can he not be surprised, how can he not be ecstatic? It is a great honor for Fan to be faked, but it is humiliating to be slapped. This is the author's intention to attack his ugly soul, which is very ironic.

(2) Control technology

Before and after Fan Jinzhong's election, what changes did Hu Tu-hu, his neighbors and Xiangshen Zhang have in their attitudes towards him? What did this change reflect at that time? To make students understand that the world under the imperial examination system is indifferent, this is precisely the environment in which Jin Fan lives and the objective reason why he is keen on fame. This link breaks through the crux of the problem. The article does not directly mention the attitude of neighbors and Xiangshen Zhang to Fan Jinzhong before giving him a lift, but we can guess from some details in the article. )

Hu's change of position: "Change from arrogance to respect".

Before the promotion, all the neighbors turned a blind eye to him (Fan Jin was hungry at home for two or three days; In the early morning of the day when the list was released, Fan ran out of food and had to go to the market to sell chickens. When the Fan family was in such a difficult time, no country neighbor came to ask questions. Give him warm help (bring eggs, wine, rice, etc. Go to receive the applicant, and then go to the meeting place to find Jin Fan and take good care of him.

Xiangshen Zhang disdained Fan Jinzhong before he was promoted (as can be seen from the sentence "Mr. Shi is always in the mulberry, and he has always been affectionate"); I tried my best to win him over (I automatically came to congratulate him, said "good world" and gave money to the house).

(3) Using typical details to reveal the contradiction between characters.

For example, write Fan4 jin4' s madness:

..... He got up, clapped his hands and laughed: "Hey! All right! I won! " Laughing, I couldn't help talking, so I flew outside the door, scaring reporters and neighbors. A few miles out of the gate, I kicked in the pond and earned some money. My hair was loose, my hands were yellow and I was still dripping with water. They couldn't stop him, patting and laughing, and kept gathering.

These details vividly reveal the contradiction between Jin Fan's heart and appearance: inside, he is successful, he is proud, so he clapped his hands and laughed; He wanted to announce to the people around him that his old dream had come true, so he ran out of the door and ran to the collection. But he is a loser in appearance, with loose hair, yellow hands and water all over, just like a drowned rat. This is a strong irony.

As another example, write the greedy phase of butcher Hu:

..... Even if I wrapped two gold ingots, I asked Butcher Hu to come in and hand them to him, saying, "I just took my father's heart and got five thousand dollars. This is more than six taels of silver, and Dad took it. " The butcher held the silver tightly in his hand, stretched out his fist and said, "Take this. I went to congratulate you, but how can I take it back? " Jin Fan said, "I think I still have a few taels of silver here. If I run out, I will let my father use it again. " The butcher immediately withdrew his fist and put it on his waist. ...

What is revealed here is the contradiction between butcher Hu's words and deeds: money is firmly in his hand, but he says no, exposing the bourgeoisie's love for money.

Teaching process and student movement

1 Retell the outline.

(Link design purpose, familiar with the novel content)

Analyze Jin Fan's characters according to their performances. Discussing Jin Fan's behavior in class is ecstatic. Is it comedy or tragedy?

The purpose of link design is to pay attention to character analysis when reading novels. First of all, it should be analyzed, followed by butcher Hu. Xiangshen Zhang only made his debut in this article, so there is no need to list it separately. Analyzing Jin Fan and discussing "tragedy" and "comedy" can help students realize the exemplary significance of Jin Fan's image.

3 Analyze the temperament of Hutu people (with the world and Xiangshen Zhang). The purpose of link design is to help students understand the causes of Jin Fan's personality and understand the theme of the novel.

4 Explore the theme of the novel.

Watch the satirical art of novels, practice in class, strengthen the understanding of satirical techniques and learn to use them.

The link design aims to stimulate students' interest in reading classical novels; Develop a strong understanding of irony and learn to use it)

homework

Recommend a reader and write a reading experience of more than 600 words.