Qinhuai River Poems

Eight beauties of Qinhuai refer to eight talented and famous geisha along the Qinhuai River in Nanjing in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Shili Qinhuai is a bustling place in Nanjing, separated by a river, which is Jiangnan Gongyuan (now China Imperial Examination Museum), the general examination room in the southern region, and the famous old courtyard and Pearl City on the other side, where famous geisha from southern Jiao Fang gather.

Gu Hengbo, Dong Xiaowan, Bian Yujing, Li, Kou Baimenhe are the characters in Banqiao Miscellanies written by the earliest. Later generations called Liu and Chen Yuanyuan the Eight Wonders Qinhuai.

"Eight Yan's in Qinhuai" refers to the eight famous artists in Nanqu of Qinhuai River in Nanjing in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, so it is also called "Eight Yan's in Jinling".

In the Ming Dynasty, the old man Yu recorded Liu, Li, Chen Yuanyuan, Koubaimen, Bian Yujing, Li and Dong Xiaowan in Banqiao Miscellanies. Zheng Jingsheng of Taiwan Province Province replaced Ma Xianglan with Zheng Tuoniang in The Mystery of Dong Xiaowan. The book Shunzhi and Princess Hubei, co-authored by Wang Deheng and Chen, has changed a lot. Li Shiniang, Gong and Huang were added, while Koubaimen and Bian Yujing were removed.

Yu, the author of Banqiao Miscellanies, and Eight Colors of Qinhuai are contemporaries and have lived in Jinling for a long time. They are frequent visitors on the Qinhuai River. It seems that what they said is true. In addition, the name of Eight Colors of Qinhuai carved by Ye in the late Qing Dynasty, the description of Eight Colors of Jinling in Rugao Ink Garden, the former residence of Dong Xiaowan and Mao Bijiang, and the novel Dong Xiaowan, a famous prostitute in Qinhuai, co-authored by Liu and Liu are also the same as Banqiao Miscellanies.

Liu

A famous geisha talented woman who lived in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, she was strong, upright, intelligent and courageous, and her reputation was no less than that of Li, Bian Yujing,. Liu Ben's name is hidden, the word is like this, and the fine print is awkward. His real name is Yang Ai. Because he read a sentence by Xin Qiji: "I see how beautiful the green hills are, and I expect the green hills to see me like this", so he named himself like this; Later, it was called "Hedong Jun" and "Hong".

She is a native of Jiaxing, born in the forty-sixth year of Wanli of Ming Dynasty (16 18). When she was young, she was intelligent and studious, but because of her poor family, she was robbed and sold to Wujiang as a maid at an early age. When she was young, she fell into Zhangtai, changed her name to Liu Yin, and shuttled between Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jinling in troubled times. Because of her beauty and talent, she became a famous girl in Qinhuai. She left many commendable anecdotes and literary poems, such as Grass on the Lake, Wuyinsao and Letters.

Liu befriended Zhang Bin, the leader of Nanming Society, and was congenial to Chen, but Chen was unfortunately defeated and died in the anti-Qing uprising. Liu's choice of spouse is very demanding. Many celebrities have failed to marry her, and some are still in the friendship stage. Finally, in the fourteenth year of Chongzhen, in her twenties, she married Qian, a famous bureaucratic leader who was over half a year old. After Qian married Liu, he built the magnificent "Crimson Cloud Building" and "Red Bean Pavilion" in Yushan, and the golden house was hidden with charming flowers. Liu had a daughter after his death. Some Dream of Red Mansions think that the crimson designed by Cao Xueqin comes from Liu's crimson cloud building.

When Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself and the Qing army occupied Beijing, Nanjing built a small court in Hong Guang, which was called Nanming in history. Liu supports Qian as the history of rites in Nanming. Soon, the Qing army went south, and Enemy at the Gates and Liu advised Qian to throw himself into the water. Money was speechless, and finally went down to the pool to try the water and said, "It's too cold to go down." . Liu "desperately sank into the pool", but gave the money a hard hug. So money is ashamed to see it. Qian Jiangqing went to Beijing, but Liu stayed in Nanjing. Qian was an assistant minister of etiquette in the Qing Dynasty and a bachelor of Hanlin. Influenced by the Liu family, he resigned after half a year. Later, because of the case, I ate two lawsuits. Liu bribed him to get out of prison when he was ill, and encouraged him to contact Qu Shizhen, who was still resisting. Liu's support and comfort to the Qing government showed her strong patriotic national integrity. Qian's relegation should have been criticized by later generations, but it was Liu's righteous act that diluted people's dislike for him.

Yu Dafu recorded Liu's poem "I smell the spring room" in "Entertainment in Summer". As far as literary talent is concerned, she is the first of the "Eight Colors of Qinhuai". After reading her poems, Chen Yinque, a famous scholar, felt "stunned" and praised Liu's "clear words and beautiful sentences". Qing people thought her letters were "more beautiful than the Six Dynasties, and she loved Ban Cai deeply". Liu is also proficient in temperament, graceful dancing and a master of calligraphy and painting. Her paintings are skillful, simple and beautiful. Calligraphy has won the admiration of future generations, calling it "iron fist with silver hook, which once collected wonderful traces."

After Qian died in 1664, villagers gathered and robbed his property. In order to protect the property of money, the Liu family committed suicide with silks. Although the villain was scared away, a generation of talented women ended their lives like this. Liu was buried in Fushui Mountain Villa in Yushan after his death.

Liu is a talented poetess, and her representative works include Wuyinsao, Liu's Poems, Zuxu and so on. Liu's main poems:

Jin Chi Ming Yong Liu Han

There is a cold wave and a relentless afterglow, which is Nanpu in the rustling. Blow more, frost alone, recall, old flying floc. It's getting late, the smoke is falling in the sun, and when I see the traveler, I'm so thin that I dance. There is always a desolation and haggard, and there are many beautiful sentences in Yantai.

Spring brings autumn rain. It hurts to miss the past. It's fascinating, painting Agger around the embankment, leaving the cold behind, and the water clouds are still there. Recalling the past, a little east wind and a few heavy curtains, my eyebrows are sad. Waiting for a beautiful soul, whispering with Iraq in the dusk moonlight.

Yuanyuan Chen

She was originally a geisha in Kunshan and once lived in Qinhuai. Because of its superior color and art, and its connection with major historical events, Qing people listed her as "Eight Colors of Qinhuai". Chen Yuanyuan's original surname was Xing, Yuan, Yuan and Fang, and she was adopted by her adoptive mother Chen, so she changed her surname to Chen. She is beautiful in color, good at singing and dancing, and good in color and art.

In the last years of Chongzhen, the peasant rebels in Li Zicheng were a great threat to the imperial court, and Emperor Chongzhen was restless day and night. Zhou Kui, the consort of Jiading Bo, wanted to find a stunning beauty for the emperor to relieve his anxiety, so he sent Tian Wan, Tian Fei's younger brother, to Jiangnan to find a beauty. After Tian Wan found Chen Yuanyuan, he was fascinated by his beauty and took it for himself. Soon Li Zicheng's team approached the capital, and Emperor Chongzhen called Shanhaiguan in Wu Sangui Town. Tian Tian worried about peasant rebels all day, so he held a grand banquet for Wu Sangui's farewell party, and Yuan Yuan led the choir to perform in the hall. Wu Sangui was ecstatic after seeing Yuanyuan, and hugged Yuanyuan as the hostess. After drinking too much, three patrolmen reported that it was protruding. Go up to Wu in fear and say, "What will happen if you come?" Wu Sangui said: "You can see the gift with a round face, and I will protect your family first." Before Tian Tian could answer, Wu Sangui accepted Yuan Yuan's farewell speech. Wu Sangui persuaded his father, who was in charge of the imperial camp, to leave Yuan Yuan in the capital, in order to prevent his colleagues from causing trouble and let the emperor know.

After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, Wu Sangui's father surrendered to the insurgents, and Chen Yuanyuan was captured by Li's men. When Wu Sangui promised to surrender to Li Zicheng, Wen Yuanyuan was occupied by Li Zhi's Ministry and shouted angrily, "What can a gentleman do if he doesn't protect himself?" So he surrendered and the Qing army went to war with the peasant army. This is what Wu Meicun said in "Qinyuan Qu": "The six armies are all lost, and they are angry and become a beauty."

After Li Zicheng was defeated, he killed Wu's father and 38 people in his family, and then left Beijing. To avenge his father's death, Wu Sangui pursued the peasant army to Shanxi day and night. At this time, the Ministry of Wu will search for Chen Yuanyuan in the capital, fly it, lead Wu Sangui and Chen Yuanyuan from Qin to Shu, and then monopolize Yunnan. Wu was promoted to queen of Yunnan and wanted to be a real princess. Yuan Yuan forgave her dismissal, but Wu Sangui didn't marry her. I didn't want to be jealous of the princess I married, so I framed and killed Wu's love, and Yuan Yuan lived alone in another hospital. After falling out of favor, she gradually moved away from Wu. Wu had plotted to kill her. When Yuan Yuan learned this, he begged to have a haircut and embroider Buddha at Guo Hua Temple in Wuhua Mountain.

Later, Wu Sangui declared independence in Yunnan, and Emperor Kangxi sent troops to Yunnan. 168 1 winter, Kunming city broke. After Wu Sangui's death, Chen Yuanyuan also sank into the lotus pond outside the temple and was buried beside the pond after his death. Until the end of Qing Dynasty, there were two small films of Chen Yuanyuan and stone poems left by Chi Pan in the temple.

Hsiang Chun Li

Also known as Li Xiang, a native of Nanjing, a famous prostitute in Moling and one of the eight beauties in Qinhuai. In the decadent era of the late Ming dynasty, most court ministers were numb, unable to feel the situation they were facing, and increasingly worried about internal and external troubles. On the Qinhuai River in Nanjing, there are a group of women in the world of mortals who are very worried about the future of the Ming Dynasty.

Xiangmei Building, located in the middle of Chaoku Street, is one of these embroidered buildings. Its owner, Li, is a geisha, which is a household name. In fact, Li's fame at that time was not as good as that of Liu or Chen Yuanyuan in Qinhuai Eight Musts. Today, I walked around Qinhuai Old Lane, which is the only embroidered building I can find. This is a two-story embroidered building with narrow stairs, and the footsteps of walking are clearly uploaded through the floors. In the autumn of the twelfth year of Chongzhen, Hou Fangyu, who was only 265,438+0 years old, just arrived in Nanjing from Shangqiu, Henan Province, and left the upcoming provincial examination and went directly to the dark red stairs. That year, Li was in the prime of life and was sixteen years old. "She is gentle and slender, and only accompanied the banquet of hawksbill, but she turned around shyly and didn't enter Lotus's account." She sat at the window with embroidered curtains, overlooking Qinhuai River, waiting for the love in her dream. When Hou Fangyu suddenly appeared in front of her, she must have felt that the marriage she was looking forward to had arrived. This should have been an affair with a talented person and a beautiful woman, but it was a pity to choose the wrong background. With the entry of the Manchu iron hoof, the buildings in the Ming Dynasty collapsed rapidly. Prince Zhu hurried to the south, and in a smoky atmosphere, he hastily established the Nanming regime in Nanjing.

Fu She's sworn enemy Ruan Dacheng seized this opportunity and walked out of the deep lane of Jinling. He took refuge in Ma Shiying, the courtier of Nanming, and appeared at the front desk of the political stage. Ruan Dacheng was originally a figure spurned by the clean stream, but he still wanted to change his face. So, he tried to use money to buy Hou Fangyu to achieve his personal political goals. This trick was quickly seen through by the talented Li. She resolutely rejected Ruan Dacheng's money temptation and demanded that Hou Fangyu immediately sever ties with him and draw a clear line. Ruan Dacheng, who became angry from embarrassment, retaliated by despicable means. Hou Fangyu was helpless and left Nanjing with tears in her eyes, and this short-lived love ended hastily.

Regardless of his later performance, it should be said that Li is beyond reproach in his love life. Afterwards, she was still in this embroidered building, deeply sighing to her friends: "Is Tiangong different from Ruan Gong? What do I say to those who praise Hou Gongzi? I went there for my money, and I was selling my son! " The pursuit of love is so firm, and it happened to a Qinhuai geisha, which is really rare.

In the third year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1646), Nanjing fell, and Nanming became a bubble in history. For Li Lai, great changes have taken place in her external environment, and the love she pursued was finally shattered by her return to the north. Hou Fangyu is a famous person. He is advertised in books as having the ambition to serve the country, but he didn't stick to his political integrity for a long time. Shunzhi was forced to take the imperial examination organized by the Qing dynasty in eight years, and the result ended in failure again. In love life, he didn't meet Li in Qixia Mountain as written in Peach Blossom Fan. Looking back on Hou Fangyu's life, he should be a tragic figure.

In the twelfth year of Shunzhi (1655), at the end of spring, the peach blossoms full of trees have withered and fallen red everywhere. Li quietly closed the fan engraved with poems, packed his bags sadly and bid farewell to the past. She came to Qixia Mountain alone and became a monk in a silent Taoist temple. According to historical records, Li had nowhere to go after his death.

According to textual research, Li met him and died in a chicken farm.

In pain and guilt, I wrote a couplet for Li. On the tree monument in front of the tomb, couplets are engraved:

When you die with resentment, your husband is ashamed for life.

Dong Xiaowan

White name, purple word, also known as violet female history. Her name and words are all due to her admiration for Li Bai. She is smart, witty, beautiful and graceful. She is a first-class woman in Qinhuai Old Home. Her beauty caused a group of famous public officials and businessmen to fight. But this dusty woman despises the powerful, juggling skillfully and fighting bravely. Dong Xiaowan, one of the four great talents in the late Ming Dynasty, fell in love with him at first sight, because he was brilliant and charming. Mao Bijiang is handsome and handsome. He is called a "beautiful boy" and a talented person in society.

After Xiao Wan entered Shi Mao's door, he got along well with Mao's family. People (frontier fortress's mother) and Sue (frontier fortress's wife) especially like Maruko, who also respects and obeys them very much and serves them more diligently than her maid. In their spare time, Xiaowan and Bijiang often sit in the study of the painting garden, splashing ink, enjoying flowers, tasting tea, evaluating landscapes and learning from stones. When Xiaowangang entered the house, he imitated Zhong You's post and Cao E's tablet, and wrote thousands of words every day, with no typos or omissions.

Xiaowan also wrote small letters to relatives and friends instead of Bijiang. Once upon a time in Suzhou, Xiaowan studied painting for a period of time. She can draw a small bush of cold trees with touching pen and ink. The butterfly picture she drew at the age of 15 is now collected in Wuxi Museum, with an inscription of Xiaowan, seal cutting on both sides and a poem, which is praised by close people. Xiaowan's paintings are rarely handed down from generation to generation and are rare masterpieces. After arriving in Rugao, she maintained a special interest in painting and always exhibited new scrolls and scrolls or old collections at home.

What impressed me most about Xiaowan was that she lived a romantic and beautiful daily life. Xiaowan is indifferent by nature and doesn't like fat meat and sweets. Cooking with a small pot of tea, with one or two dishes of watercress and fragrant black beans, is her meal. Bijiang likes sweets, seafood and smoked food. Xiaowan knows the taste of Bijiang, and the dishes she cooked for Bijiang are fresh, clean and delicious, with various patterns. If the wine is made into dew, you should put dozens of kinds of dew in the white porcelain cup after drinking it, not to mention tasting it with your mouth. Five colors floating, strange fragrance overflowing, enough to quench thirst. In drinking tea, Xiaowan and Bijiang have the same hobby. They are often one person and one pot, silently facing each other before and after the flowers, savoring the color, fragrance and temperament of tea.

Xiaowan often studies recipes, and when he sees a strange taste, he asks how to make it and makes it with his dexterous hands. Tiger skin meat, which people often eat today, was invented by Dong Xiaowan. Therefore, it also has a little-known name "Dong rou". Although this dish is a bit abrupt and beautiful, it is in harmony with Dongpo meat. In addition, Xiaowan is also good at making candy. When she was in Qinhuai, she used sesame seeds, fried noodles, caramel, pine nuts, peach kernels and sesame oil as raw materials to make crisp candy and cut it into cubes with a length of five points, a width of three points and a thickness of one point. This crisp candy is yellow outside and crisp inside, sweet but not greasy. People call it "Dong Tang", which is not an exaggeration for the top ten famous chefs in ancient times.

Moonlight is like water, and the youngest falls in love with it. On a cool summer night, Xiaowan likes to recite poems about the moon, fireflies and wanzhuan in the Tang Dynasty. In order to appreciate the beauty of the moonlight, she often moves several couches with the rise and fall of the moon. Back indoors in the middle of the night, she still pushed open the window and let the moonlight wander between the pillows. When the moon goes west, she rolls up the curtains again, leans against the window and looks at it, reluctant to go, and often recites Li He's poem "The moonlight is lingering, the waves are full of smoke and jade". "You and I love to enjoy the bright moonlight all year round, and the Lu Xian Zen Pass opens in silence." In this way, Xiaowan appreciates the subtle and elegant cultural interest in his natural and plain daily life, and yearns for a detached and clear poetic life in his humble life.

Bijiang said that during the nine years he lived with Xiaowan, he enjoyed a lifetime of happiness. This kind of happiness also includes sitting in a fragrant pavilion and savoring the fragrance. What Bijiang appreciates most is "horizontal sinking", which is an agarwood with solid internal quality and horizontal texture. Xiaowan treasures Daughter Xiang, which is regarded as a masterpiece by Dongguan people, and they also have many Penglai Xiang. Bijiang once found a kind of "raw yellow incense", which tasted like vanilla in the south of the Yangtze River. He gave one or two of them to his friend Li Suiqiu in Guangdong, and Li Suiqiu was very surprised. Xiaowan also made hundreds of kinds of fragrant pills from western fragrant prescriptions obtained from Neifu. They pay attention to their mood when tasting incense. In the cabin on a cold night, jade hangs down, two or three red candles are lit, and agarwood is burning in several Xuande furnaces. The nose is quiet, as if entering the depths of Jolie's fragrance.

Gu Meisheng

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Gu Hengbo was the most prominent among the famous "Eight Wonders of Qinhuai". She was grandly named "Mrs. Yipin", and Liu and Chen Yuanyuan were not as good as them. At the same time, she is also the most controversial one-it is said that a person who was privately engaged to her for life died because of her double suicide. Later, her husband, Gong Dingzi, who was in danger at the end of the Ming Dynasty, said, "I want to die, but my concubine won't do anything." She is like a femme fatale, which may harm people's lives or ruin their honor, and her tenderness is no different from the "Qinhuai beauty" most people remember. Meng Sen, a famous historian, tasted the article "An Examination of Mrs Yoko", but greatly disapproved of Gong Guzhi's character. He thinks that both husband and wife are snobs and shameless people who are greedy for money. Is Mrs Yoko, once known as "a virtuous and loving person and a chivalrous person", really that miserable?

Gu Hengbo, born in 16 19, was born in Shangyuan (now Nanjing), whose real name is Mei Ku, whose real name is Mei Sheng, also known as Gumei, whose real name is Hengbo, also known as Zhi Zhu and Shancaijun, also known as Mei Sheng, and is called "Mrs. Hengbo". After marriage, she changed her name to it. According to Banqiao Miscellanies, Gu Hengbo was "beautiful in appearance and elegant in manners. Hair like a cloud, peach blossom face; The bow is thin and light. " She is familiar with literature and history and specializes in poetry and painting. Her paintings are natural and beautiful, especially good at drawing orchids. 17 years old, orchid fan, now in the Palace Museum. /kloc-When she was 0/8 years old, she participated in the Orchid Club organized by Yangzhou celebrity Zheng Yuanxun in Nanjing with Li, Li, Li and others. At that time, people followed Ma Shouzhen with her painting style (that is, Ma Xianglan, who was born earlier, was also a beautiful girl in Qinhuai). He is also good at melody, and often plays West Tower and Godson with Xiao Sheng and Dong Xiaowan.

Living in Meilou, "window embroidery, toothpick jade axis, folding several cases;" At that time, people jokingly called it the "Charming House"-some people said that the "Charming House" refers to the charm of Gu Hengbo, and all tourists were fascinated by it. This is really an exciting literature and significance. This "mysterious building" was originally built in another yard in Yangzhou during the reign of Yang Di. Because of its "deep twists and turns, scattered attics, shaded by corridors and curtains, connected with each other, like wandering immortals", it was named "mysterious building". Huai Yu, the founder of Mi Lou, which is called Mei Lou, is a scholar in the south of the Yangtze River. At that time, he was infatuated with shear wave. What he said is a compliment, referring to the ingenious arrangement of the "Mei Lou" building and its imitation of fairyland. As soon as this reputation came out, it spread like wildfire and was widely used. Gu Hengbo's personality is uninhibited, with a manly demeanor. He is more like Liu in Eight Colors of Qinhuai. At that time, people called him "Mei Ge", which was quite similar to Liu's calling himself "Ge". But compared with willow, it is a little more willful and jealous.

According to legend, Huang Daozhou, a Neo-Confucianist at that time (who died in Jiangxi after Anti-Qing Dynasty), once boasted that "prostitutes are in the eye, but prostitutes are not in the heart", and Lindong Zhu Sheng invited Yoko to the couch when he was drunk to see if he really had Liu Xiahui's skill. This rumor may not be true, but it reflects Gu Hengbo's style of not considering secular ethics in people's eyes. Her style of going her own way and not caring about the eyes of the world is probably an important reason why she can compete with Gong Dingzi, a talented person in Jiang Zuo. However, her controversy is also the result of this character to some extent. Gu Hengbo, known as the "Southern Music First", is naturally favored by romantic celebrities, so that the banquet is almost empty, and it is often called "the guest of the brow building" by the inviter of the brow building, which has become a symbol of elegance. Many cultural banquets in Jiangnan also regretted Gu Meisheng's absence.

Bian Yujing

Mingsai, also known as Saisai, is called Yujing because it comes from the number of "road flyovers in Yujing". She was born in an official family in Qinhuai, Jinling, with two sisters. Her father died young and became a geisha. The frontier fortress is omnipotent in poetry, piano, calligraphy and painting, especially in small letters. She also knows literature and history. She is skilled in painting and writes like a cloud. "She writes more than ten papers at a time" and likes to draw graceful branches, especially orchids. 18 years old, traveling in Wumen, living in Tiger Hill, and traveling between Qinhuai and Suzhou. She was a famous singer in Qinhuai area in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Frontier fortress generally can't see well-treated guests, but when they meet beautiful friends, they talk like clouds and are fascinating.

Bian Sai had a marriage with Wu Meicun, a famous poet in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. In the spring of the fourteenth year of Chongzhen, Wu Meicun sent his brother Wu Zhiyan to Chengdu to be the magistrate in the Shengchu Building outside Shuiximen. Here, he met frontier sisters who came to see Wu Zhiyan off. Seeing the noble and refined temperament of frontier fortress, I can't help but think of two poems widely circulated in the south of the Yangtze River: "Wine seeks frontier fortress, and the bottom of flowers is Chen Yuan". During the dinner, Wu tried out the literary talent of frontier fortress, which made Wu unable to resist dumping. After that, the two contacted frequently and their feelings became deeper and deeper. Later, Wu received a letter from Bian in Changganli apartment. When he knew that Bian was going to marry him, his heart was very contradictory. When Wu heard the news, Tian Wan, the favorite concubine and younger brother of Emperor Chongzhen, came to Jinling to choose a concubine. He took a fancy to Chen Yuanyuan and Bian Sai. Wu chickened out in front of the powerful prince's uncle, only played a few songs in the frontier fortress's apartment and left sadly.

Two years later, frontier fortress married a warlord. Because she was not satisfied, she gave the maid a gentle gift and begged for it. She became a monk in Suzhou and attached herself to 70-year-old famous doctors Zheng Baoyu and Zheng Zhubie. The frontier fortress embroidered Buddha for a long time and held martial law in class. In order to repay Zheng's kindness, he spent three years tattooing Zheng.

At this time, Wu Meicun became an official and depressed. One day in the seventh year of Shunzhi, Bian Sai saw four of Wu's "Old Friends of Qinhe River" in Qianjia, only to know that Wu missed her. A few months later, they finally met in Taicang. Bian Sai played the piano for Wu, and Wu was deeply moved. As a gift, he wrote "Listening to a female Taoist while playing the piano in Yujing". The poem tells the scene of Bian's ten years, pointing out that the Qing army's arrival in Jiangnan and Yujing was "cold and silent", which was a bleak situation. After the frontier fortress, he lived in seclusion in Huishan, Wuxi, and died more than ten years later. Buried in Jin Lin, Tuoan, Huishan.

Why is Wu Meicun so puzzled about amorous feelings? There have always been different opinions. Some people say that Tian Shu went to Jiangnan to pick flowers in order to please Chongzhen. ...

Wu Meicun, let Bian Yujing wait for that promise all his life, there must be disappointment, and it may not sink into the painful abyss of parting.

Koubaimen

Also known as Koumei, a native of Nanjing, was one of the eight beauties of Qinhuai in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Her family is a famous prostitute in the world, and she is the best among famous prostitutes in past dynasties. Huai Yu called her "elegant, charming and beautiful". "Today's Qinhuai total value" is Qian's praise for Koubaimen's talent and appearance. Cobham's life is full of many legends. "Banqiao Miscellanies" said: Baimen Juanjuan, quiet and beautiful; Ups and downs, can tune, good at drawing orchids, knowing each other and rhyming, can recite poems, but slippery and easy to learn. It is because the white door is really simple and inappropriate that it determines her marriage tragedy.

In the late spring of the fifteenth year of Chongzhen, the famous Zhu Guobi, under the protection of the officers, came to Kou's house in Chaoku Street. After several contacts, Bai Menying was very impressed with him, polite and gentle, so she agreed when Zhu proposed. It was an autumn night, and 17-year-old Koubaimen boarded the sedan chair in heavy makeup. It was the custom at that time that musicians in Jinling in the Ming Dynasty got married at night. In order to show his prestige and style, Zhu Guobi sent 5,000 soldiers from Wuding Bridge with red lights to Zhu Fu, the inner bridge, which was unprecedented and became the biggest wedding scene in Nanjing in the Ming Dynasty.

In fact, Zhu Guobi is a smooth and cunning bureaucrat. It was a temporary need for him to marry Koubaimen. After a few months, his meager feelings gradually exposed, so he left Kou aside and still wandered between Zhangtaiyan Liuxiang. 1645, the Qing army went south. Zhu Guobi surrendered to the Qing Dynasty and soon entered Beijing, where he was placed under house arrest by the Qing court. Zhu wants to sell her maid together with Koubaimen. Baimen said to Zhu Yun, "If the proceeds from selling my concubine are only a few hundred dollars ... if I return my concubine to the south, I will get 10 thousand yuan in January to report it to the public." Zhu thought for a moment and agreed. Koubaimen took the servant girl Douer back to Jinling. With the help of the sisters in the old hospital, Kou raised 22,000 pieces of silver to redeem Zhu Guobi. At this point, Zhu wanted to fulfill his dream, but was rejected by Kou. She said, "You redeemed me with silver, and now I will redeem you with silver."

When Kou returned to Jinling, she was called Nvxia. She "built a garden pavilion, visited, and returned with literati and poets every day. She was drunk, singing and crying, and lamented that the beauty was dying and the red beans fell. " Later, he returned to Jinling from a dutiful son in Yangzhou, but he was not satisfied. Finally, he lived in a happy family and died of illness. At that time, Qian, the leader of the literary world offering wine, wrote a poem "Koubaimen" in his eulogy, saying: "The Kou sisters have always been wild and have been fascinated by flowers for eighteen years. Today, Qinhuai is afraid of each other, so as not to touch red tears. Xia, read your grace. Who knows Columbine? The loess is immortal, and the fragrant pill is fragrant. "

Ma Xianglan (1548—— 1604), a native of Nanjing, was a poet and painter in the Ming Dynasty. According to Qin Huai Guang Ji, her name is true, the word is Lan Xiang, the fine print is Xuan Er, and the word is Moonracer. Because she ranks fourth in the family, she is called "Si Niang". She is witty and good at poetry and painting, especially Zhu Lan, so she is called "Lan Xiang". Although her appearance is not outstanding, she "looks like an ordinary person", but she "looks open and clean, like a leaf warbler in spring, eager to express her words and serve people skillfully."

Ma's painting attainments are high. At that time, Cao Xueqin's grandfather Cao Yin wrote three poems for Ma Xianglan Painting Orchids, which were included in Cao Yin's Dongting Collection. In the Historical Biography of Paintings in Past Dynasties, her painting skills were evaluated as "green imitating Zigu, bamboo imitating Zhongji, all of which can attack its rhyme". Among the exquisite paintings and calligraphy in the Forbidden City in Beijing, there is Ma Shi's Zalan Atlas, which is unique. Her paintings have always been regarded as treasures abroad. Ma Shi is also very talented in literature. He has written two volumes of poems of Lan Xiang Collection and a script of Sansheng Biography. Ma Shi is versatile, has a good grasp of melody, can sing and dance, and can also write and direct plays. In the teaching workshop, the troupe she teaches can perform The Complete Works of The West Chamber, and those who learn skills with it can get a true biography.

Ma Shi grew up in Nanjing, but unfortunately he fell into the dust since he was a child. But she is broad-minded, despises chivalry and often spends money to help teenagers. She lives in Qinhuai scenic spot, which attracts many tourists and has a close friendship with the gifted scholar king in the south of the Yangtze River. Her letter to Wang was included in Letters of Celebrities of Past Dynasties. On Wang's 70th birthday, Ma Jizi bought a boat to carry dozens of geisha, and went to Suzhou to buy wine for his birthday. He "feasted for months, singing and dancing", and cure a disease couldn't afford it when he came back. Finally, he passed away at the age of 57. After his death, Ma was buried in his mansion, near Bifeng Temple in Bailuzhou Park. In the Tokyo Museum, there is a picture of China's "Moran Map" in the Ming Dynasty. This painting was not made by a famous artist, but by Ma Xianglan, a famous prostitute in Qinhuai during the Ming Shenzong period, but it was regarded as a treasure by the Japanese.