How was the Shang Dynasty established? Briefly talk about the rule of the Shang Dynasty.

The Shang tribe is a tribe mainly engaged in animal husbandry and thrives in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. The Shang Dynasty established its rule and established its capital in Bo (near today's Shangqiu, Henan Province); later, during the Pan Geng period, the capital was moved to Yin (now Xiaotun Village, Anyang, Henan Province)

In the Xia Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty was just a subdivision of the Xia Dynasty The vassal states were managed by the Lord Shang. Later, due to Xia Jie's stupidity, Xia embarked on the road of destruction! Shang Tang, the founding monarch of the Shang Dynasty, led his troops to conquer the north and south to establish the Shang Dynasty.

It is said that the Shang Dynasty was established. The descendants of the Gaoxin clan live in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and have a long history. During the reign of Shun, the Shang clan had an outstanding military leader named Qi. Later, merchants called him "King Xuan" as the ancestor, and compiled a hymn to praise him: "The black bird of destiny came down to give birth to Shang, and the land of Yin is vast" to praise him ("The Book of Songs·Ode to Shang·Xuan Niao").

The Shang Dynasty lasted from the 17th century BC to about the 11th century BC. The Shang Dynasty was the second hereditary dynasty in Chinese history after the Xia Dynasty. From Taiyi (Tang) to Emperor Xin (Zhou), there were seventeen generations and thirty-one kings, which lasted nearly six hundred years.

After the founding of the Shang Tang Dynasty, he learned the profound lessons from the fall of the Xia Dynasty, abolished the tyranny of Xia Jie that cruelly oppressed the people, and adopted the policy of "ruling the people with leniency", which eased the internal conflicts in the Shang Kingdom. The political situation has stabilized and the national strength has become increasingly stronger. He conquered many surrounding countries and achieved a series of victories. Therefore, "Mencius·Teng Wen Gong Xia" records: "Tang "conquered eleven battles and was invincible in the world." "poetry. Song of Shang. "Yin Wu" also has a record of "In the past, there was Tang, and the Di and Qiang came from there. No one dares not to enjoy it, and no one dares not to come to the king." This reflects that the Shang Dynasty has become a powerful country under the rule of Tang.

After Shang Tang and Zuo Xiang, they made considerable contributions in handling government affairs, stabilizing the political situation, and developing production. After Zhong Hui's death, Yi Yin played a particularly prominent role in the political arena and became an important assistant and a veteran in the political arena during the Tangjia period of Shang Dynasty.

After Shang Tang died, his son Taiding died early, and Taiding's younger brother Waibing succeeded him. After Waibing's death, his younger brother Zhongren succeeded him. After Zhongren's death, Taiding's son Taijia succeeded him. After succeeding to the throne, Taijia was the eldest grandson of Shang Tang. According to "Historical Records·Yin Benji": "[Emperor Taijia was in power for three years. He was unknown, violent, disobedient to Tang law, and disordered morals, so Yi Yin released him to Tonggong." Taijia lived in Tonggong for three years and repented. Blaming himself, Yiyin welcomed Taijia back and gave him the government. From then on, Taijia practiced virtue and obeyed the law, the princes surrendered, and the people's lives were relatively peaceful. This story reflects Yi Yin's unremitting efforts to implement Shang Tang's strategy of governing the country and make the Shang Dynasty long-term and stable. This story has been passed down for a long time, and Yi Yin also gained the reputation of "Da Ren" and "Da Yi".

However, the greedy nature of the ruling class determines that the struggle for power and interests within the royal family is inevitable. "Historical Records of the Yin Dynasty" records: "Since Zhongding, the disciples have been abolished and replaced by others. The disciples may compete with each other to replace him, which is more chaotic than the ninth generation, so the princes do not go to court." Counting from Zhongding, the ninth generation coincides with the Pangeng period, which shows that during this period, the Shang royal family was fighting for the throne, and internal strife continued, resulting in constant foreign invasion. During this period, the Shang Dynasty moved its capital many times.