Talk about the relationship between human life and plants?

The relationship between plants and humans

Plants are the primary producers. Plants absorb nutrients from the earth, the radiance of the sun, and carbon dioxide in the environment, and are moistened by rain and dew to perform photosynthesis. Produce oxygen, create carbohydrates, and produce various foods, nutrients, medicines, and wood. Plants are the source of oxygen that humans need to breathe. Plants release oxygen during photosynthesis, purify the environment, and provide necessary conditions for human survival.

The foundation of life - food crops

Some people consider rice, wheat, barley, corn, sorghum, soybeans, beans, sugar beets, sugar cane, peanuts, potatoes, yam, and cassava , coconut, and banana are listed as the world's 15 important edible plants. Some people also regard rice, wheat, barley, sorghum, and corn as the five pillars of cereal crops.

nGrain grain crops

Cereal grain crops come from the Gramineae family. This family includes about 660 genera and nearly 10,000 species. There are 225 genera and about 1,200 species in my country. Planting

Rice

Among cereals and all food crops, the cultivation area and consumption of rice are second to none. 60% of the world's population uses rice as food, and 30% of the energy intake comes directly from rice.

As a result of long-term cultivation and selection, the number of rice varieties has developed to more than 7,000.

Rice is divided into two categories: upland rice and paddy rice.

Ordinary rice contains 12% water, 0.2% cellulose, 7.5% protein, 0.5% fat, 0.4% inorganic salts, mainly carbohydrates, 79%, and other trace amounts of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin. .

Wheat

Wheat, in particular, is the most commonly eaten cereal plant after rice. Wheat plants include plants of three different genera: wheat, barley, and oats.

There are about 15 species of plants in the genus Triticum, the most important of which is common wheat; there are about 16-20 species of plants in the genus Barley, the most important of which is common barley; there are about 50 species of plants in the genus Oat, the most common The ones are regular oats.

Based on ecological factors such as light and temperature conditions, geographical location, sowing period and other characteristics, cultivated barley in China is divided into three major ecological zones.

Barley

1. Northern spring barley area

2. Naked barley area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

3. Autumn sowing south of Huanghuai Barley area

1. Brewing beer 2. Feeding 3. Edible

Oats

①High nutritional value

②Medical and health care value High

③High feeding value

Non-gramineae plants

There is a long list of food crops that are non-graminoid plants, among which Mainly include soybeans, broad beans, peas, lentils, cowpeas, kidney beans, and peanuts in the leguminous family, potatoes in the Solanaceae family, cassava in the Euphorbiaceae family, sweet potatoes in the Convolvulaceae family, yams in the Dioscorea family, and Musa family. Bananas, etc., have also become indispensable food crops for people around the world.

Potato has three major characteristics:

(1) High yield,

(2) Rich in nutrients,

(3) Adaptability Highly potent,

Concentrated oil plants

Vegetable oils are contained in the entire plant kingdom, from fungi and bryophytes to seed plants. Judging from the current production in the world, the important edible oil plants are soybeans, peanuts, cotton, coconuts, sunflowers, oil palms, rape, sesame, corn, and olives.

According to botanical morphological characteristics and agronomic traits, rapeseed can be divided into four categories: cabbage-type rapeseed, cabbage-type rapeseed, mustard-type rapeseed and Ethiopian mustard. The latter has a small planting area and is grown in most countries in the world. Plant only the first three types of canola.

Vegetable plants

Research has found that many vitamins, minerals, trace elements, and related phytochemicals, enzymes, etc. in vegetables are effective antioxidants, so vegetables are not only low in sugar, Low-salt, low-fat healthy food can also effectively reduce the damage caused by environmental pollution to the human body. At the same time, vegetables also play a preventive role in various diseases.

n Cruciferous cabbage vegetables: such as broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, leaf cabbage, kale, etc. contain indole sulforaphane, isothiocyanates, carotenoids, vitamin C, etc. , has a good effect on preventing and treating tumors and cardiovascular diseases, especially broccoli.

nBeans, such as soybeans, edamame, black beans, etc. contain flavonoids, isoflavones, protease inhibitors, inositol, soybean saponins, and vitamin B, which can lower blood cholesterol, regulate blood sugar, and reduce cancer. It has a good effect on the onset, prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

n Asparagus is rich in glutathione and folic acid, which has a good effect on preventing neonatal cerebral neural tube defects and tumors.

The foundation of life - food crops

nCarrots are rich in carotenoids and a large amount of soluble fiber, which are beneficial to protecting the eyes and improving vision, lowering blood cholesterol, and reducing Cancer and cardiovascular disease.

nOnion and garlic vegetables are rich in dipropylene compounds, methyl sulfide and other functional phytochemicals, which are beneficial to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Regular consumption can prevent cancer, and also have anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effects. .

nSolanaceous vegetables, tomatoes are rich in lycopene and high antioxidants, which can resist oxidation and reduce the incidence of prostate cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Eggplant contains a variety of alkaloids, which can inhibit cancer, lower blood lipids, sterilize, and have laxative effects. Chili peppers and bell peppers are rich in vitamins, carotenoids, capsicum polyphenols, etc., which can enhance blood coagulation and dissolution, and are known as natural aspirin.

How to choose vegetables?

(1) Look at the color (2) Look at the shape (3) Look at the freshness

Tips for cleaning vegetables

1. Peel 2. Wash with water 3. Alkali Washing:

4. Wash with detergent 5. Blanch with boiling water 6. Dry in the sun

7. Wash with salt 8. Wash vegetables with vinegar 9. Don’t cut vegetables first Wash afterwards

Anti-cancer vegetables

(1) Onions: The quercetin contained in onions is one of the most powerful natural anti-cancer substances currently known.

(2) Carrots: The carotene in carrots can produce vitamin A in the body after being eaten, which can stabilize epithelial cells and prevent excessive cell proliferation and canceration.

(3) Seaweed: It contains high fiber, which can promote intestinal peristalsis and facilitate the discharge of harmful substances in the body. The blood of cancer patients is mostly acidic, and seaweed rich in calcium and other inorganic salts can regulate and Balances blood pH.

(5, 6) Celery and leeks: Both are rich in fiber, which can promote gastrointestinal motility and reduce the retention time of carcinogens in the digestive tract.

(7, 8) Chinese cabbage and pumpkin: contain trace element molybdenum, which can prevent the synthesis of carcinogen nitrosamines in the body. Pumpkins also contain enzymes that break down nitrosamines.

(9) Mushrooms: The cellulose contained in mushrooms can absorb cholesterol and prevent constipation, so that harmful substances in the intestines can be excreted from the body early, which has a certain effect on preventing hypercholesterolemia, constipation and cancer.

(10) Garlic: There is a sulfur compound in garlic that can eliminate nitrosamines in the stomach. Eating garlic every day is very beneficial to preventing cancer, especially gastric cancer.