Teaching design and intention of summer quatrains

1. Use multimedia to introduce the historical background skillfully, so that students can deeply understand the poet's intention to create poetry, and then understand poetry and the emotions expressed by poetry, and understand the writing characteristics of homesick poetry.

2. Through various forms of reading, I feel Li Qingzhao's lofty patriotic spirit and lofty life ambition.

3. Understand the different views on Xiang Yu in Du Mu's Tiaojiang Pavilion and Wang Anshi's Tiaojiang Pavilion with the help of wrapped poems, and train wrapped poems in Xia Jueju.

Teaching design

First, with the help of information, I know Xiang Yu in the poem.

1. (Courseware shows pictures of ancient war scenes) Students, please look at the big screen. Who can describe what you see from this picture in one word? (War, shuddering, fierce, brave ...)

Do you know that there is such a person in the history of China who yearned for this kind of life since childhood?

(Courseware shows written materials: There is such a hero in the history of China. His parents died when he was a child, and he lived with his uncle. He doesn't like his uncle to teach him to read and write, and to teach him to dance with knives and swords. He said, "If you want to learn, learn from ten thousand enemies." So his uncle taught him the art of war. )

Let's read the sentence "Learn from ten thousand enemies".

Who can tell me how you feel when you read this sentence? (I feel very domineering; There is a sense of pride and ambition in it; Very ambitious ...)

Do you know who this man is? (Liu Bang, Guan Yu, Yue Fei, Xiang Yu ...)

We can't be sure of many answers, so keep reading.

2. (The courseware shows the text message: Qin Shihuang passed by on his southern tour, and he and his uncle crowded into the crowd to watch the fun, and suddenly said, "He can replace him." Uncle was so scared that he quickly pulled him home. )

What do you mean "he can replace it"? I can take his place. )

Replace who? (Qin Shihuang. )

What replaced Qin Shihuang? (Status, power, country ...)

Then what kind of person do you think dares to say such a thing? (Confident, arrogant, ambitious ...)

Then who is this man? (Liu Bang. Xiang Yu. )

The answer is relatively concentrated, but it is still uncertain. Ok, keep watching.

3. (Courseware shows written information: At the end of Qin Dynasty, he and his uncle formed a rebel army. This army is extremely brave, invincible and invincible. It only took him three years to become the overlord of Xi Chu who enfeoffed the eighteen-route princes. The ancients even commented that he was "brave in wings and unparalleled in the ages." )

Who is this man? (Xiang Yu. )

In the study just now, the students used words such as "self-confidence, domineering, ambition and lofty sentiments" to evaluate Xiang Yu, but it was such a person who was "brave" and "unparalleled in history" and eventually lost in the battle with Liu Bang and drew his sword by the Wujiang River. Please watch the video carefully and pay attention to Xiang Yu's language.

4. (Playing the video of Xiang Yu's Wujiang Throat) What kind of person is Xiang Yu in your eyes after watching this video? I would rather die than surrender; Strong and unyielding ...)

Summary: After Xiang Yu's death, many scholars described him with various poems and songs. During the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a poetess who was called "the first talented woman in history". After crossing the Wujiang River, she remembered Xiang Yu and wrote a poem. (blackboard writing: Li Qingzhao's "Summer quatrains")

Design intention: A character is a period of history. If you want to know why Li Qingzhao praised Xiang Yu as a "strange man" and a "ghost hero" in his poems, you must have a certain understanding of Xiang Yu. The data selected several important stages in Xiang Yu's life course, showing his lofty sentiments and ambitions, preferring death to surrender. The purpose of guessing characters by presenting the written materials paragraph by paragraph is to stimulate students' interest in learning and make them full of desire to learn and explore the characters depicted in the materials.

Second, learn poetry for beginners and understand the theme of poetry.

1. (Showing "Summer quatrains") The title has only four simple words, but it tells us two pieces of information. Who read it? Summer tells us that this poem was written by Li Qingzhao in the summer; The quatrains tell us the genre of this poem. )

What kind of quatrain does this poem belong to? (Five-character quatrains. )

Read this poem freely first. Who wants to read it to everyone? Let's read together.

3. I can read all the poems, so who can read these short five-line poems and twenty words?

(Li Qingzhao believes that living is a hero in ghosts, and dying is a hero in ghosts. She is still thinking about Xiang Yu, and would rather die than drag out an ignoble existence in Jiangdong. )

Based on the understanding of Xiang Yu just now, think about Xiang Yu's refusal to cross the river east. Is it impossible or unwilling?

Summary: People say "take a step back and broaden the horizon". Separated by a river, it is the boundary between life and death. This is a life-and-death choice, just between thoughts. Xiang Yu is ashamed of his elders in Jiangdong and ashamed of his elders in Jiangdong. Facing the world, he was afraid of insulting his name as a "hero", so Jiangdong could go but not, so Jiangdong could go but didn't want to.

Do you think you understand this poem now? Do you know why Li Qingzhao wrote this poem?

Design intention: To understand poetry, we must first understand poetry, so as to lay the foundation for understanding the creative background of poetry later.

Third, understand the background of poetry creation and feel the poet's creative intention.

1. Understand Li Qingzhao's life background.

(1) Li Qingzhao said in his poem, "I miss Xiang Yu so far." Do you know how long it has been since Xiang Yu committed suicide in Wujiang River? (about 1300 years)

(2) After Xiang Yu committed suicide in Wujiang 1300 years, another female poet passed by Wujiang, remembered him and wrote a poem praising him. Why?

(Courseware shows the creative background)

In a.d. 1 127, the Jin army invaded the Central Plains, captured Song Huizong and Song Qinzong, and the Northern Song Dynasty perished.

Members of the royal family and ministers of the Song Dynasty fled south in a panic and rebuilt the capital in Lin 'an (now Hangzhou), which is known as the Southern Song Dynasty in history.

Rulers don't want to recover lost land, regardless of people's lives in dire straits, but live a happy life in the newly-built metropolis.

Li Qingzhao and his wife wrote "Summer quatrains" when they fled through Wujiang River.

(3) After reading these materials, why do you think Li Qingzhao wrote such a poem? In the face of the emperor's capture and defeat, the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty did not want to recover lost land or fight, and lived a happy life of drag out an ignoble existence. In the face of defeat, Xiang Yu would rather commit suicide than live. )

Summary: They are all kings. Xiang Yu is the only one who can go to Jiangdong but refuses to go, and the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty should not go. Xiang Yu could give up his life for 8,000 people, while the ruler of the Southern Song Dynasty gave up all the people for his own life.

(4) Guide reading aloud.

If you are Li Qingzhao, the Northern Song Dynasty perished, and you and your husband began to flee, while the rulers of the imperial court were drinking and having fun. What's your mood at this moment? (grief and indignation are mixed. If you wrote this poem, how would you recite it? (The students read with indignation)

If it were you, how would you feel at this moment? (disappointed. ) why? (Because there was no ruler like Xiang Yu in the Southern Song Dynasty. ) Try to read this disappointment. (Students read in despair)

What if it's you? I think Li Qingzhao also used Xiang Yu in her poems to express her satire on the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty, satirizing them as people who were afraid of death. ) Then try to read satire.

With our own understanding and feelings, let's read Summer quatrains together, which can read sadness, despair and irony.

(Teachers and students read poems together)

Transition: Do you understand this poem now? I see. In fact, you haven't fully understood it. It is said that this poem also angered a person, a person closest to Li Qingzhao. Want to know who it is? Then listen to the teacher tell you a story.

2. Understand Li Qingzhao's life and family background.

(1) The teacher told a story: Zhao Mingcheng, the husband of Li Qingzhao, was appointed as the magistrate of jiangning house. One night, there was a rebellion in the city. As a magistrate, Zhao Mingcheng didn't do his duty to quell the war, but ran away quietly with a rope. After the rebellion was put down, Zhao Mingcheng was dismissed by the court. Li Qingzhao was deeply ashamed of her husband's chicken out and became cold and distant from Zhao Mingcheng. 1/kloc-0 fled to Jiangxi in 28, and was relatively speechless all the way. Walking to the Wujiang River, standing in the place where Xiang Yu, the overlord of the western Chu Dynasty, was defeated and committed suicide, Li Qingzhao couldn't help but think about it and was emotional. Facing the vast river, I recited this poem casually. Zhao Mingcheng stood behind her, ashamed after hearing this, and was unhappy from then on, and soon died of an acute illness.

(2) After listening to this story, why do you think Li Qingzhao thinks of Xiang Yu on the Wujiang River? Her husband is a deserter who is afraid of death, and Xiang Yu is a gentleman who dares to take responsibility and stand up. )

(3) What do you think is Li Qingzhao's mood when the closest person does such a thing? (Anger, shame ...)

(4) You know, when Zhao Mingcheng fled the city, she actually left behind not only the people of the city, but also Li Qingzhao. Think about it, what kind of mood will Li Qingzhao feel in the face of such a husband? (Despair, disheartened, miserable ...)

(5) Guide reading aloud.

If you are Li Qingzhao, at this moment, you left your husband who fled alone and stood behind you. In what mood will you read this poem? (Despair. ) read with this feeling. (Original reading)

What's your mood at this moment? Shame on you for having such a husband. ) Read it with shame. (Original reading)

……

Abstract: In her poems, Li Qingzhao satirized the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty who were afraid of death because they were addicted to pleasure and unwilling to recover their homeland. He criticized her husband's fear of death, escape and compromise by the spirit of Xiang Yu's "refusing to cross the river east". Li Qingzhao believes that people should be "heroes among people" when they are alive and "heroes among ghosts" when they are dead. This is the poet Li Qingzhao's standard of being a man-integrity and backbone. (writing on the blackboard: expressing your ambition, outstanding people and ghosts)

Let's read this poem again and feel the heroic feelings of the poet. (All students read together)

Design intention: Reading a poem means reading a writer and savoring his unique life. With the help of materials, understanding Li Qingzhao's life background is helpful for students to approach Li Qingzhao, see what the poet sees, think what the poet thinks and feel what the poet feels. From understanding the superficial meaning of poetry to integrating with the poet's mood at that time, we can deeply understand the poet's intention to create poetry, so that the classroom has both the charm of poetry and the distant artistic conception of culture and history, which enhances the appeal of the works.

Fourth, understand the characteristics of homesick poems in summer quatrains.

1. This poem belongs to nostalgia. (Display materials: Nostalgic ancient poetry generally refers to the poet's coming to a historical site, touching the scene, recalling historical events and historical figures related to this place, causing emotions, and using poetry to achieve the purpose of feeling rise and fall, expressing grief and satirizing the present. )

Please pay attention to the word "satirize the present". What did Li Qingzhao pin in ancient times? (Xiang Yu. ) What's the irony today? The ruler of the Southern Song Dynasty and his husband. )

3. The structure of nostalgic poems is generally approaching the ancient place-thinking about the ancient-recalling its events-expressing its aspirations.

4. Think about whether Li Qingzhao wrote this poem in this way.

(Come to the Ancient Land, come to Wujiang River ———— Thinking of the Ancient, think of Xiang Yu ———— Remembering Things, and recall that he refused to cross Jiangdong and Wujiang River committed suicide —————— expressing his own will, expressing his views on life: living is a hero among people, and dying is a hero among ghosts. )

Design intention: A nostalgic poem is a period of history. We know the homesickness poem because it is not only a feature of this poem, but also a kind of ancient poetry in China. This kind of poetry is often a poet's memorial or tribute to historical sites in a certain situation, and a review of the achievements or experiences of the ancients produces a kind of * * * sound in his heart, which can not help but sigh the achievements of the ancients or express his sadness about the vicissitudes of the world. Therefore, the emotional tone of nostalgic poems is generally vigorous and sad. The word "up to now" in "Summer quatrains" skillfully links ancient times with the present and history with reality in time and space, and expresses the poet's profound intention of recalling the past and satirizing the present with three allusions.

Transition: A poem is a hymn. In fact, when I came to Wujiang, many people, like Li Qingzhao, remembered an ancient poem written by Xiang Yu. For example, Wang Anshi, a politician and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, also wrote such a nostalgic poem.

5. Learn the nostalgic poems about Xiang Yu written by Wang Anshi and Du Mu.

1. Display:

Overlapping Wujiang Pavilion

(Song) Wang Anshi

A brave man who suffered from fatigue in many battles mourned,

It is difficult to recover from the defeat of the Central Plains.

Although the children in Jiangdong are here today,

Will you make a comeback for the king?

2. Read this poem freely.

3. Think about it. What does "stack" mean in the title? (repeat, overlap. )

4. Whose poem did Wang Anshi repeat? Before Wang Anshi, Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty wrote a poem called "Wujiang Pavilion" when he passed the Wujiang River. 200 years after Du Mu finished writing, Wang Anshi came to the Wujiang River and thought of Du Mu's poems.

I wrote a poem, and Wang Anshi named it Overlapping Wujiang Pavilion.

(blackboard writing: Wang Anshi after Du Mu's two hundred years)

5. Can Wang Anshi write the same poem as Du Mu? No, because this poem is related to Du Mu, it is difficult for us to understand it alone. The teacher combined with historical materials, made an appropriate imagination and wrote a story about the process of writing this poem by Wang Anshi. I believe that after reading this story, you will better understand the reason why Wang Anshi wrote this poem and understand the meaning of this poem. (Courseware shows stories)

Wang Anshi was appointed as a judge in Zhou Shu. After his term of office expired, he returned to Beijing with his entourage.

One day, Wang Anshi and his party came to Wujiang Pavilion. The surging Wujiang River water slaps on the rocks on the shore, making a deafening sound.

Wang Anshi said to his entourage, "Look, this is where Xiang Yu committed suicide."

The attendant sighed, "Xiang Yu shouldn't have committed suicide. Two hundred years ago, Du Mu said in "The Pavilion on the Wujiang River": "Winning or losing is a military plan. There are many talented children in Jiangdong. Whether they will make a comeback is still unknown. " "

Wang Anshi said: "I don't think so. Since ancient times, Xiang Yu's bravery ranks first, but he only knows how to use soldiers, not how to use people, and he doesn't know how to use tricks skillfully. Even if he returns to Jiangdong and regroups, how many Jiangdong will there be?

Is the child willing to come back and go to war with him? "

Later, Wang Anshi couldn't control his inner excitement and recited a poem that has been passed down through the ages: "The brave have been through many battles and are exhausted. It is difficult to recover after the defeat of the Central Plains. Although the children of Jiangdong are here today, are they willing to make a comeback for the king? "

6. After reading the story, do you know what "stack" means? On the surface, it is a repetition of Du Mu's poems, but in fact, it puts forward a completely opposite view on the content of the poems. )

7. Understand this