Ancient Chinese civilization is a miracle of human civilization. No other civilization has such miracles as ancient Chinese civilization. Let’s talk about it.

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Greek civilization originated in Crete - a small island said to be located in the "center of the world". Here, the future King of Athens, Theseus, once broke into the labyrinth and chopped off the terrifying head of the Minoan bull, becoming a hero worshiped by the Greeks. This labyrinth was miraculously excavated at the beginning of the 20th century, breaking news that shocked the world. Now, when people face the ruins of the palace that have been sealed in dust for thousands of years, and admire the exquisite murals and detailed and unique artifacts, they can't help but sigh. It should be the birthplace of Greek culture.

2.

Rectangular plan column-enclosed corridor style. The roof has a two-slope roof, with triangular gables at both ends, and there are exquisite high reliefs on it. This is the basic form of classical architectural style. The columns adopt the vigorous and vigorous Doric column style, which is well proportioned and is a model of the Doric column style. The strict proportional relationship reflects the formal beauty aimed at pursuing harmony. The scale is appropriate, full and straight, the parts are well proportioned, the style is cheerful, and there are a large number of exquisite carvings to set it off.

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Features:

1: Idealism. Two: Humanism. Three: Rationalism. Four; Tragic. Five: majesty.

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In ancient Greece, everything worn on the body was called CHITON (if you search in GOOGLE, there are two options, 1 clothing 2 marine life) men's casual clothes and work clothes It can also be referred to as CHITON, which uses quick material folded in half horizontally to wrap the body. On the one hand, it is related to their aesthetics, and on the other hand, it depends on the textile technology.

Common in Mesopotamia and the Americas The width of the cloth woven by the original waist loom is relatively narrow, only about 30CM. The hanging loom used in Greece can weave more than 1 meter of cloth, and each piece of CHITON can be made from a whole piece of cloth

< p> The two most common styles of CHITON are developed on the basis of the front Chiton, which is folded horizontally and then stitched over the head.

Ancient Greek clothing is known for its elegance and elegance, with light gauze and satin textures. Fabrics and chiffon can reflect the unique drape of Greek clothing.

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The word "Greece" means elegance and beauty. Befitting this elegant and beautiful name, Greece is a veritable kingdom of art. Greek mythology is the soil of Greek art. Greek mythology contains people's rational thinking about the mysteries of nature, and it contains the germination of historical and philosophical concepts. The characteristic of "homogeneity between gods and humans" in Greek mythology makes gods only have human appearances and emotions, which is a favorable factor that promotes the close connection between art and life. The human body and Greek art - the great awakening of man's self-awareness. The slave-owning democratic government of the city-state provided favorable conditions for the development of culture and art. The city-state required citizens to have a strong body and a perfect mind, which also became an ideal image for artistic creation. The mild Greek climate gave the Greeks a vast open air. A place for activities and sports. At the quadrennial Olympic Games, athletes competing naked provided artists with the conditions to shape a healthy human body, allowing them to have an early understanding and expression of human body beauty. It was in this environment that Greek artists created the most outstanding art in the ancient world and left the most precious legacy to the human treasure house.

The glory of ancient Greek art can be roughly divided into five periods: the Aegean culture period is the prelude and overture to the emergence of ancient Greek culture. In addition, it can be divided into the Homeric period, the Archaic period, the classical period, and the Hellenistic period. period.

The first is the Aegean cultural period

(approximately 3000 BC - 2000 BC) before the Dorians and Ionians, the main ethnic groups who created Greek classical civilization, arrived on the mainland. , there once existed a fairly developed culture in the Aegean region of the northeastern Mediterranean, including countries from clan society to the early stage of slavery society. In the history of art, this culture is called "Aegean Culture" or "Crete-Mycenaean Culture".

The fine arts in this area of ??Crete are mainly concentrated in the Minoan Palace. The walls of the palace are decorated with murals, which depict decorative figures and patterns with smooth curves and bright colors. The techniques are related to Egyptian art. Among them, "Paris Girl", "Women Conversing", "Painting of a Maid", etc. are the most famous. Some small statues were also unearthed in Crete, which are characterized by a combination of realism and decorative techniques.

One of the more typical ones is "The Girl Who Charmed the Snake".

Mycenaean culture flourished from 1500 BC to 1200 BC. The cities built by the Mycenaeans have shown a military defensive purpose. The "Lion's Gate" on the Acropolis of Mycenae is carved with a pillar on a large triangular stone slab, with a pair of lions standing opposite each other on both sides. The shape is thick and powerful. It is the earliest monumental decorative sculpture in the West. The reliefs on the gold vessels unearthed at Mycenae are elegant and exquisite, especially the scenes depicting hunters hunting bison.

Then there is the Homeric period (12th century BC - 8th century BC)

The Homeric period is named after the author of Homer's epic poem, which is the end of clan society. This period was the formative period of Greek mythology and the budding period of plastic arts.

The earliest period of plastic art in the Homeric period was the pottery period in the geometric style, with simple shapes and different sizes, used for worshiping gods and burials. Funerary statuettes from this period are also geometric in shape and lack detailed depictions. Therefore, this period is also called the "geometric style period"

The Archaic period (7th to 6th century BC), the Archaic period was the formative period of plastic arts. During this period, Eastern culture had an impact on Greek art through trade exchanges, and Greek art formed its own style by absorbing the strengths of Eastern culture and gradually getting rid of Eastern influence. The artistic achievements of this period were mainly painting, architecture and sculpture.

Painting: Pottery was the main daily utensil and export commodity of the Greeks. Athens and Corinth were important production centers for pottery. During the Archaic period, the type of episodic painting had already been established, and three styles appeared successively: Oriental style, black painting style, and red painting style.

The paintings of the 7th century BC were mainly in the oriental style, with animal-headed human figures, plant patterns, etc. that were influenced by Egypt and the Mesopotamia region. The black painting style appeared in the early 6th century BC. It paints the main figure in black, and keeps the ocher color of the clay on the background, making the outline of the image stand out, like a silhouette, and the details are slightly outlined. Representative works of this period include "Achilles and Ajax Playing Dice" and so on. The red painting style appeared at the end of the 6th century BC. It is exactly the opposite of the black painting style. The background is painted with black, leaving the main part in ocher, and the details of the characters are depicted with lines. This style was mainly popular during the classical period. The paintings mostly express plot scenes, mainly mythological themes and daily life themes. Smooth and beautiful lines express various characters, dramatic and moving scenes and delicate emotions.

6.

The sun god Zeus is the son of Cronus, the king of gods, and is in charge of the sky. The supreme god in Greek mythology controls thunder and lightning, so he is also called the God of Thunder. . With the support of his mother Rhea, he killed his father Cronus and became the third generation god-king. He had an extremely lustful personality. He often had affairs with other goddesses and mortals behind his wife Hera's back, and had countless illegitimate children. The symbols of Zeus are the eagle, the oak tree, the staff, the throne and the mountain; his favorite sacrifices are the female goat and the white bull whose horns are painted gold.

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The Greek goddess of beauty-Aphrodite (Aphrodite) is more familiar to her alias "Venus" in the Roman Empire. She is the most beautiful of the goddesses and the one who has been described the most by artists. The Romans regarded "Venus" as the "goddess of love" and called it the mother of the nation.

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Artemis (Greek Αρτεμιδ; Latin Artemis; Japanese アルテミス; Serbian Артемида; Lithuanian Artemid?; Croatian Artemida), in Roman mythology Deanna. In charge of hunting, taking care of women's childbirth, and protecting young men and women who rebelled against and despised the God of Love. Together with his twin brother Apollo, he killed the giant python Piton who persecuted his mother and Niobe who humiliated his mother and their children.

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Thetis is a giant and sea god in Greek mythology. She is also the sister and wife of Oceanus.

Thetis and Eukoanos gave birth to three thousand river gods - Potamus (singular: ∏οταμ? / plural: ∏οταμο?, rivers) and thirteen thousand sea gods. Each of the sea nymphs-Ocyanes (singular: κεαν/plural: κεανδαι, ocean) represents a stream, river, pool, lake or sea, or even an underground body of water.

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Kronos was the leader of the twelve Titans of the first generation and the youngest among the first generation of Titans. However, people often confuse him with Chronos, the ancient Greek god of time. He is the son of Uranus, the god of sky, and Gaia, the god of earth. He overthrew the brutal rule of his father Ouranos and led the Golden Age in Greek mythology until he was overthrown by his own son Zeus. Most of the other first-generation Titans were imprisoned in Tartarus underground, but he escaped.

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Iapetus (Ι?πετο?) is a Titan in Greek mythology, the father of Prometheus and Atlas, and Is the ancestor of mankind.

Belonging to the Titans, they are an ancient race of gods that once ruled the world in Greek mythology. This family is the children of Uranus, the god of the sky, and Gaia, the goddess of the earth. They once ruled the world, but were overthrown by the Zeus family. replace.

The English name ''Iapetus'' is used to refer to Iapetus: the satellite of Saturn that is the 16th farthest from Saturn.

12.

Greek Folk Customs

The Greeks are deeply proud of their colorful ancient history, monuments, philosophy, art, and politics. I have a good impression of the Chinese, who also have a long history, but the topic of conversation should avoid talking about Greece's current domestic politics and the relationship between Greece and Cyprus, so as not to fall into the trap of making a mistake.

In some villages in Greece, every New Year's Day comes, people bring a big stone as a gift to relatives and friends' homes to pay New Year greetings, and put it on the floor to wish the owner: "May your home have an elephant." This is gold as big as a stone!”

Greek Etiquette:

Clothing Etiquette

Greek people pay great attention to dressing neatly, especially middle-aged and elderly people. Generous. In formal social situations, men usually wear dark suits and ties or bow ties. Generally speaking, middle-aged and elderly people in Greece have to dress up whenever they go out. Old ladies like to wear all kinds of brightly colored clothes.

Manners and Etiquette

The Greeks behaved elegantly and had many things to pay attention to. They do not use beckoning and waving gestures, considering them as an act of contempt, and the closer the hand is to the other person's face, the more insulting it is. They also believe that staring at someone for a long time is a sign of bad intentions. They are even more taboo about sneezing in public and wiping their noses with a handkerchief.

Meeting Etiquette

Generally speaking, Greeks shake hands when meeting guests in social situations, but in many cases they also express it with hugs and kisses. own friendly feelings. When Greeks meet others on the road, even if they are strangers, they will greet each other to show friendship. If the road is narrow, they always let each other go first, especially foreigners.

Dining etiquette

Greeks mainly eat pasta, and sometimes rice. They like to eat beef and mutton, and they often eat vegetables such as tomatoes and potatoes. Greeks start dinner very late. In Athens, dinner usually starts after 10 o'clock. They like to drink Turkish coffee and are addicted to alcohol. They drink at lunch and dinner, and they often get slightly tipsy.

Wedding Etiquette

Greek weddings still maintain a strong traditional color. Weddings are usually held on Sundays. The groom and the bride wear wedding dresses, and the bride also has a light veil on her head. They wear a red veil and then go to the church accompanied by relatives and friends, where the priest will officiate the wedding. Greeks have colorful festivals, including Christmas, New Year, etc. During the New Year, every household will make a big cake and put a silver coin in it. Whoever gets the silver coin when the family shares the meal will have good luck and good luck.

Business Etiquette

The best months to conduct business activities in Greece are from September of the current year to May of the following year. It is not advisable to go around Christmas. When you meet, people from the local business community will usually offer you a cup of thick coffee, which you should not refuse. Greeks are cheerful and hospitable people, and they talk excitedly but without any malice. If the other person is talking incessantly, it is best to listen respectfully.

Travel Etiquette

Greece’s railway and highway passenger transport industry and the city’s transportation industry are all operated by the state. Due to the development of tourism, water and land transportation are developed. However, in large cities such as Athens, traffic is very congested due to the large number of private cars. Many locals now go out on motorcycles instead.

It's cheap to buy things at the local market, where you can bargain and customers can browse for whatever they want. When taking a taxi, you can tip 10%. In hotels and other places, the tip is already added to the bill, but you can tip the waiter 5%.

Main taboos

The Greeks taboo the 13th and Friday, thinking they are unlucky. They don’t like black, and they don’t like cats, especially black cats. When visiting a Greek home, avoid admiring something too much.