80-year-old stamps are very valuable. When is it valuable?

1980 stamps are valuable. First of all, of course, the famous monkey ticket. There are many other good varieties, and it is recommended to keep them.

Let me teach you some knowledge about stamp collecting.

● Stamp knowledge

(1) Stamp design: refers to the front of a stamp, which generally consists of the design, country name, face value, explanatory text and tassels related to the purpose of issuing stamps. The early stamp patterns of all countries in the world are relatively simple. With the development of society, countries all over the world use their most representative contents in politics, economy, national defense, science and technology, culture and art, historical geography, natural scenery, precious animals and plants as stamp patterns. More than 300,000 kinds of stamps with various designs have been issued all over the world. Stamp collectors can acquire rich encyclopedic knowledge by collecting and studying stamp patterns. Therefore, stamp patterns are the main research objects of stamp collectors.

(2) The country name on a stamp refers to the name of the country or region printed on the front of the stamp. Usually, words and abbreviations are used to represent country names. Such as: Japan Post, China People's Post. The United States uses the abbreviation USA, and the Soviet Union uses the abbreviation CCCP to represent the country name. There are also some countries that use special symbols to represent them. For example, early stamps in Britain used the head of the king as a symbol. Britain's current commemorative stamps are printed with the head of the Queen of England, not the name of the country. By identifying the country names on stamps, we can learn about the geography, history, language and writing of the countries concerned.

(3) Stamp face value: refers to the postage amount and currency unit printed on the front of the stamp. Most countries in the world use Arabic numerals to represent the face value of stamps, and use their own monetary units to form the face value of stamps. If the postage of an ordinary letter in the United States is 22 cents, the face value of a stamp consists of Arabic numerals 22 and C, the postage of an ordinary letter in China People's Post is 8 cents, and the face value of a stamp consists of Arabic numerals 8 and US cents. There are also some countries that issue stamps without face value, such as military stamps and official stamps. Commemorative stamps issued by Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region on 1938 and stamps with the words "Ping", "Ji", "Kuai" and "Draft" issued by Huainan area of China on 1943 are all free stamps, and have no face value. From 1978 to 1985, the United States issued a series of stamps with no face value. The words "A", "B", "C" and "D" were printed on the front of the stamps, representing 15, 18, 20 and 22 cents respectively. This is because the US Postal Service wants to adjust the postage of letters, but when printing stamps, the postage of new letters has not been finalized, so it is impossible to print new denominations on stamps. However, if it is printed after the postage is determined, stamps cannot be provided. So this kind of stamp with no face value is issued. Studying the face value of stamps can help us understand the changes of a country's currency.

(4) Punching holes in stamps: In order to facilitate tearing stamps, punch holes between stamps. After segmentation, the semi-circular part of the edge of a single stamp is called a hole, and the protruding part is called a tooth, which is collectively called a tooth hole. When the British black penny stamps came out, there were no perforations and it was inconvenient to use. They had to cut them one by one with scissors. It was not until 1854 that perforated stamps appeared in Britain. According to the shape of tooth holes, tooth holes can be divided into smooth teeth, rough teeth, blind teeth and missing teeth. Smooth tooth: refers to the circular paper in the tooth hole completely falls off after the seal is punched, and the hole edge is smooth, which is called smooth tooth. Hairy tooth: the paper scraps in the tooth hole do not fall off completely, and the edge of the hole is not smooth and hairy, which is called hairy tooth. Blind tooth: after the seal is punched, there is only an impression, the paper in the tooth hole does not fall off, and the hole is opaque, which is called blind tooth. Tooth leakage: If a hole is to be punched, it is called tooth leakage. The degree of perforation is a measure of perforation. The measurement method is to put the seal on the dental ruler and see how many teeth and holes there are in the length of 2 cm. If a stamp has 12 teeth and 12 holes, then the perforation degree of this stamp is 12 degrees; If there are 1 1 teeth and 12 holes, then the stamp is11/2 degrees. The method of measuring the degree of perforation was put forward by Legras, a French philatelist, in 1866, and it has been used ever since. Measuring the degree of perforation is one of the contents of learning stamps, and it is also one of the important basis to distinguish the authenticity of stamps from different versions. The perforation of stamps in China is mostly 1 1 degree,1/2 degree,1212 degree, 14 degree.

(5) Stamp inscription: Stamp number, stamp number, stamp number, color code, designer and name of printing factory are printed on the edge of the whole stamp paper, collectively referred to as stamp inscription. Inscriptions are important materials for studying stamps, so many stamp collectors like to collect stamps with inscriptions. For example, J63 "China People's Stamp Exhibition: Japan" was released on April 29th after China 198 1, and all kinds of designs such as chicken, goldfish, kite, Temple of Heaven, butterfly, stamp name, designer, name of printing factory, version number, Zhang number, color code and so on were printed on the edge of the whole paper. These stamps are regarded as important philatelic products by stamp collectors. Some philatelists say that this is a gift from the printing factory to philatelists and an important basis for studying the layout and printing of stamps.

(6) Watermark on the stamp: The stamp is proof of prepaid postage. In order to prevent forgery, in the process of papermaking, a mark pressed on paper by a special method is called watermark. Watermark is a colorless symbol, mostly a simple pattern. On a whole stamp, there is only one watermark pattern, which is called the whole watermark. The repeated watermark patterns in the whole stamp are called double watermarks, and there are various watermark patterns, such as crown, sun, moon, Taiji diagram and so on. 1840 The black penny stamp issued in Britain on May 6th is a watermark with a crown pattern. The Xiaolong stamp issued by China Daqing Post 1885 and the Panlong stamp issued by 1898 are watermarks with Tai Chi pictures as patterns. The watermark on the stamp is easy to identify, and you can find it by looking at the back of the stamp carefully in the sun or light. For less obvious watermarks, you can spray a little gasoline on the back of the stamp and the watermark will appear immediately. Gasoline volatilizes quickly and is harmless to stamps and adhesives. Experienced stamp collectors generally use this method to identify the watermark on stamps. Watermark is an important basis for studying and identifying the authenticity, version and issue date of stamps.

(7) Stamp number: Commemorative stamps and special stamps issued by the People's Post of China after the founding of New China are called stamp numbers when the serial number and year of issue are stamped at the bottom of the face. For example, the 15th anniversary of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory 1952 was issued on July 7th, and "Ji 16" and "Ji 16" were printed on the left side of the stamp bottom, indicating that this set of stamps is16 sets of commemorative stamps; "4- 1" means that there are four stamps in this set, and this is the first one. "(78) 1952" is printed on the right side of the bottom of the stamp, (78) indicates the total number of seals in the commemorative stamp, and "1952" is the printing year of this set of stamps. China issued stamps with the prefix of "Ji" for the first time, starting from1October 8th, Ji 1949 1 "Celebrating the First Plenary Session of China People's Political Consultative Conference" and ending from Ji1March 967 10 to Ji/kloc-. At the same time, 124 sets of commemorative stamps with the prefix "Ji" were issued. Special stamps are expressed in the same way as commemorative stamps, except that the word "auspicious" is changed to "special". The stamps issued from April 1967 to June 1970 and June 1 cancelled this stamp. 1August 1970 to1June 1973 and1June 1973. The new serial number is printed on the left side of the bottom of the stamp, and the first generation is printed on the right side. For example, the "(1)" on the left side of the stamp of modern Peking Opera (Take Tiger Mountain) is the serial number, and "1970" is the printing year. Starting from 1974, the stamp number is "J" for commemorative stamps and "T" for special stamps. For example, on May1974 15, the stamp "Centennial of the Universal Postal Union" was issued. The words "J 1 (3- 1)" are printed on the left side of the bottom, where "j" stands for commemorative stamps and "1" is the first set. (3- 1) means that this set has ***3 stamps, which is the first one. The right side of the bottom of the stamp is printed with "1974" as the printing year. Stamp number is a unique symbol on new China stamps. This stamp number is very convenient for collecting stamps. You can know the printing year, complete set quantity and total quantity of each stamp without looking at the stamp catalogue.

(8) Appearance of stamps: stamp collectors are very particular about the appearance of stamps. The appearance of stamps is the appearance of stamps. There are the following points to measure the appearance of a stamp: new ticket: the face is complete, without damage or crease, the pattern is correct, the color is bright, and it does not fade and change color; Perforation complete, no corner; The back glue is intact. Old ticket: the face is intact, not thin, and the postmark is clear. The postmark is sold in a corner of the stamp (about 1/4), and this kind of stamp is the top grade; Light postmark printing does not damage the appearance of the face, and it is a product of China; Postmark heavy oil affects the beautiful pattern; If you study the postmark, it is best to stamp it completely. You should be able to see the place name, year, month, day and time on the postmark. This mainly depends on the purpose of collection. Pay attention to the appearance of stamps when collecting stamps, don't scratch them with your hands. Grasping stamps by hand is easy to break corners and teeth. Sweating on your hands and touching stamps will make your face lose its original luster. Use tweezers. The tweezers for stamp collecting are flat, smooth, embroidery-free and moderately elastic. The quality of stamps is relative. Ordinary stamps are easy to get and you can choose. Anyone with the same design can compare the quality of products, try to eliminate products with different quality and collect good ones. If a stamp is extremely rare, it is precious to collect one. There is no need to find fault with the appearance. If people with bad looks don't take it, it's hard to get what you want. There are several common stamps with poor quality: (1) damaged. When tearing a stamp, tear the edge of the stamp too hard (when tearing a stamp, fold it several times according to the perforation, and use even force, not too hard). (2) Creases When taking stamps with tweezers, the stress is uneven, resulting in creases. Most of the creases in selling letter tickets are caused by folding when posting tickets or during the delivery of letters (generally, soft creases can be eliminated by soaking them in water and flattening them). (3) Incomplete dentures, missing dentures, missing or broken teeth. (4) When the stamp is uncovered, the paper on the back of the ticket is damaged, thinned or split into two layers due to incomplete soaking. (5) In the process of mailing scratched letters, the stamp pictures are worn. (6) Moldy stamps are damp or the adhesive on the back is deteriorated, resulting in mildew or black spots. (7) Put ink stains or ink on stamps (if you put salt in hot water to soak stamps, the ink stains will fade). (8) The ink is too thick and the seal pattern is blurred. (9) Fingerprint When you take a stamp by hand, the picture is stained with oil or sweat on your finger. (10) The faded stamps are exposed to light or sunlight for a long time, which makes the original brush color fade or discolor (note that stamps should not be exposed to strong light for a long time). In order to keep the stamps clean, intact and beautiful, we should prevent the above possibility of easily damaging stamps.

● Seal type

1. Ordinary stamps: In the stamp catalogue of our country, there is a kind of ordinary stamps called ordinary stamps, which is the most used stamp. The face value varies from large to small, and the pattern does not change much. It can be reprinted and printed after use. Ordinary stamps are characterized by small face value, various face values and long service life.

2. Commemorative stamp: Commemorative stamp is a kind of stamp issued to commemorate major events at home and abroad or to commemorate famous items. Commemorative stamps are thoughtful, mostly with commemorative events and people as the theme, and sometimes the names of commemorative stamps are printed. Commemorative stamps are characterized by large tickets, exquisite printing and small number of issues.

3. Special stamps: China's special stamps are stamps issued to publicize things with special significance.

4. Airmail stamps: Airmail stamps are stamps specially used to send airmail letters.

5. Unpaid stamps: Unpaid stamps refer to the postage paid by the recipient when the post office finds that the sender has not affixed stamps or has not affixed enough stamps. This iou stamp is not for sale in the post office and has no effect of prepaid postage.

6. Military stamps: Military stamps are stamps specially used to send letters to soldiers.

7. Attached donation stamps: additional donation stamps issued by the state to raise funds for social welfare undertakings, also known as welfare stamps or charity stamps. This kind of stamp is not only used for postal communication, but also for raising funds for welfare undertakings. The difference between attached stamps and ordinary stamps is that in addition to the face value of stamps, donations are also made, and some donations are used for welfare undertakings.

8. No face value stamps: In this strange world of stamps, there is another kind of stamps with no face value, called no face value stamps.

9. Stamping: Stamping a stamp or a non-stamp with face value or words as a new stamp is called stamping.

10. imperforated stamp: In the decades after Britain issued the world's first black penny stamp, stamps issued by various countries had no perforations. Since the punch appeared in 1854, countries began to issue stamps with perforations. By the middle of the 20th century, although countries generally had punching equipment, some countries also issued some non-porous stamps in order to increase the variety of stamp collecting.

1 1. Speedpost stamps: Speedpost stamps, also called speedpost stamps, are used for speedpost.

12. Souvenir sheet: Souvenir sheet is a set of stamps printed on a small piece of paper. Its design, face value and number of stamps are exactly the same as those issued at the same time, and it is decorated with patterns, patterns and characters around it.

13. Sheetlet: Sheetlet is a small stamp printed on paper. Generally speaking, sheetlets are designed independently, and some are printed with original stamp patterns. Like souvenir sheets, sheetlets can also be mailed as a whole.

14. Small promissory note: A small promissory note consists of several stamps with the same or multiple denominations, which are printed together and bound into a booklet. The seal on the promissory note is the same as the original seal in design, face value and brush color, but the binding and cutting often have one side and no perforations on both sides.

15. It seems hard to believe that stamps will continue to be used after being cut. However, there are stamps that separate an intact stamp diagonally or vertically and then use it in half. This kind of stamp is usually formed under special circumstances.

16. luminous stamps: luminous stamps include phosphorescent stamps and fluorescent stamps. Phosphorus stamps and fluorescent stamps can display special colors or dazzling brilliance under ultraviolet irradiation, such as red, yellow, green and blue. When a letter with a phosphorescent stamp enters the automatic letter sorting machine, the phosphorescent strip will emit phosphorescence or fluorescence under the ultraviolet irradiation of the machine. The sorter will identify letters sent to local ports, other ports and foreign countries according to the number of phosphorescent or fluorescent strips on the stamps, and will automatically stamp them with postmarks.

17. Coil stamp: It is a stamp sold by the post office ticket vending machine. This kind of stamp is rolled in a ticket vending machine and generally consists of 1000 to 3,000 stamps with the same face value.

18. electronic stamps: electronic stamps, also known as automatic stamps, are stamps sold by post office ticket vending machines. Coins are put into the ticket vending machine, and the required face value button is pressed, and the face value is printed on the empty face value stamps for sale by computer-controlled numbering machine seconds. This kind of electronic stamp generally has no perforation and no glue on the back.

19. Metal stamps: Generally speaking, stamps are printed on paper, but some are made of metal. There is a layer of tissue paper on the back of the metal stamp, which can be pasted on the mail like ordinary stamps.

20. Record stamps: Record stamps contain songs, with paper on the back and no perforations. Putting them on a record player will produce clear and pleasant music, which sounds like ordinary records.

2 1. plastic stamps: the patterns of plastic stamps are vivid and attractive. Although it can be used on letters and paper stamps, it has a disadvantage that it is not easy to be cancelled. Therefore, it can only be used as a collection, which is not convenient for practical use in communication.

22. Silk stamps: Silk stamps are stamps printed with silk.

23. Strange stamps: Due to the vigorous development of philatelic activities in various countries around the world, some countries issue a large number of stamps for commercial purposes. They not only strive for perfection in stamp topic selection, pattern design and printing, but also constantly innovate in stamp modeling.

24. Nylon stamps: stamps printed with nylon chemical fiber fabrics.