How do we hear the sound?

Hearing depends on hearing, which is completed by the simultaneous activities of ears, auditory nerves and auditory pathways. Ear is the peripheral sensory organ of hearing, which consists of outer ear, middle ear and inner ear cochlea; The outer ear and middle ear are sound transmission systems, while the inner ear is sound perception system.

The sound emitted by an object propagates through the air and passes through the conduction system of the outer ear, middle ear and inner ear, causing the vibration of lymph and basement membrane fibers in the cochlea, thus causing the excitement of auditory cells and generating nerve impulses. The impulse travels along the auditory nerve to the medial geniculate body of thalamus, and after exchanging neurons, it enters the auditory area of cerebral cortex (superior temporal gyrus) to produce hearing.

Extended data:

An important feature of human hearing is that the threshold of auditory perception has a wide dynamic range. As far as the vibration frequency of sound waves is concerned, the pure tone that people can hear is between 16 Hz and 20000Hz. Sound wave amplitude sense (sound intensity) is as low as 0 dB and as high as 120 dB.

The hearing threshold varies from person to person and is influenced by many factors such as age and environment. People with sensitive musical hearing can distinguish 20 ~ 30 intermediate notes between two adjacent keys of the piano. People and animals can distinguish the nature, direction and distance of a sounding object according to its sound and its changes.

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