Please express the artistic conception of "the desert is lonely and the smoke is straight, and the long river sets the yen" in words, and talk about how this expresses the poet's feelings

Translated in vernacular Chinese, the vast desert is lonely and straight, and the sunset on the endless Yellow River is round.

Ambassador to the Great Wall is a poem written by Wang Wei, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, on his way to the frontier to express his condolences to the soldiers. It describes the ambassador's trip to the Great Wall and the scenery he saw during his trip. The first two sentences explain the purpose and place of the trip and why this poem was written. Zhuan Xu's two sentences contain multiple meanings, and the feeling of borrowing grass to write down; The two sentences of the neck couplet describe the magnificent scene of the frontier desert, with a vast realm and magnificent weather. The poem reflects the frontier life, and also expresses the loneliness, loneliness and sadness caused by the exclusion of the poet, as well as the generous and tragic feelings after being edified, purified and sublimated in the magnificent scenery of the desert, showing an open-minded feeling.

original work

Plug (1)

I want to ask the side (2) when riding a bike, and it is a country (3) that has lived for a long time.

Zheng Peng went out (4) and returned to Yan Hu Tian (5).

The lonely smoke in the desert is straight [6], and the long river falls in yen [7].

Xiao Guan rides a horse (8) every time and is guarded by Ran Yan (9).

Sentence annotation

(1) sent to frontier fortress: ordered to be sent to frontier fortress. Dispatch: Send a special envoy.

(2) Bicycle: one car, few vehicles, which is easy to describe here. Ask the frontier fortress: visiting the frontier fortress is to express condolences to the officers and men guarding the frontier.

(3) Attribution country: There are several explanations: one refers to the ethnic minorities who are attached to the Han court and retain their country names. There were some governors in the Han and Tang Dynasties. The second refers to the official name. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, there was an official named Cai Guo, who was awarded by Su Wu after he returned to Han Dynasty. The vassal state, which is the abbreviation of the strategic state, was called the official in charge of foreign affairs in the Han Dynasty, and was sometimes called the border envoy in the Tang Dynasty. Here, the poet uses it to refer to his status as an envoy. Juyan: Place name, called Juyanze in Han Dynasty and Juyanhai in Tang Dynasty, located in the northern border of Ejina Banner in Inner Mongolia. There was Juyan County in Zhangye County in the Western Han Dynasty (see Geography of Hanshu), so the old city is in the southeast of Ejina Banner today. In addition, in the secretariat of Liangzhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhangye Juyan was a vassal state, and its jurisdiction was in Juyanze area. This sentence generally says that Wang Wei passed by Juyan. However, Wang Wei's task does not actually need to go through Juyan. Therefore, Feng's "Selected Poems and Songs of China in Past Dynasties" thinks that this sentence was written in the Tang Dynasty, "The frontier fortress is vast, and the vassal States are all outside Juyan".

(4) Peng Qian: The withered Peng who flies away with the wind is the metaphor of the poet here.

5. Returning to the wild goose: The wild goose is a migratory bird that flies north in spring and south in autumn. This refers to the geese flying north. Hu Tian: Hu Ren's territory. This refers to the north occupied by Tang Jun.

[6] Desert: Great desert, here refers to the desert north of Liangzhou. Solitary smoke: Zhao Diancheng's note has two solutions: First, Yun Gu burned wolf dung during the border warning. "The smoke is straight and gathered, although the wind blows away." The second cloud is a whirlwind beyond the Great Wall, "curling smoke and sand". According to future generations' field visits to Gansu and Xinjiang, there is indeed a whirlwind of "solitary smoke going straight up". Also: solitary smoke may also be a safety fire used in border defense in Tang Dynasty. "Tongdian" Volume XXI Yakumo: "And at dusk, peace and fire will not come." Hu Sansheng's Note: "Six Classics": When Tang Zhen waited for the wind, the rate was thirty miles away. On the first night of every day, a torch is lit, which is called the fire of safety. "

(7) Long river: namely the Yellow River; One refers to an inland river that flows through the desert north of Liangzhou (now Wuwei, Gansu). This river was called Macheng River in Tang Dynasty, and it is suspected that it is Shiyang River today.

Xiaoguan: It was called Guguan in ancient times, also known as Longshan Pass, located in the southeast of Guyuan City, Ningxia. Standby: cavalry in charge of reconnaissance and communication. Wang Wei went to Hexi without going through Xiao Guan. Here he probably used the meaning of He Xun's poem "Waiting to ride out of Xiao Guan and pursue troops to Mayi", which is not true. Waiting for the bus: one is "waiting for the official".

(9) Duhu: There were six capitals in the northwest frontier of Tang Dynasty, such as Anxi and Anbei. Their main officials are called Duhu, and each government sends a guard and two deputies to take charge of all the affairs in this area. This refers to the former enemy commander in chief. Ran Yan: As the name implies, it is in today's Mongolian Khan Mountain. This represents the front line. Biography of Dou Xian in the Later Han Dynasty: Xian led the army to defeat Khan. "Later, I climbed Mount Yanran, climbed more than 3,000 miles, carved stones and made meritorious deeds, studied under Han Wade, and wrote an inscription for Ban Gu." When I met a waiting rider on the road, I learned that the coach was still at the front line after breaking the enemy.

translate

I want to go to the border crossing by bike, and the country I pass by has passed my residence.

Thousands of miles of cornices also floated out of Sai Han, and the geese heading north soared in the sky.

Solitary smoke goes straight to the vast desert, and the sunset on the endless Yellow River is round.

When you meet detective knight in Xiaoguan, tell me that Duhu is already in Yanran.