Causes of cardiac arrest and emergency measures to save lives.

The sudden stop of the heart leads to the stop of effective blood discharge, which is called cardiac arrest. There are many reasons for cardiac arrest, but cardiovascular diseases are more common, especially coronary heart disease. When the heart stops, the patient loses consciousness, and his pulse and breathing disappear. Because brain cells are most sensitive to ischemia and hypoxia, every second should be used to rescue cardiac arrest, no matter where it happens, it should be rescued in time.

preventive measure

Cardiac arrest is the most dangerous emergency for human beings. As far as its urgency and danger are concerned, no disease in the world can compare with it. It is very important to protect heart health every day.

Actively treat primary diseases, such as coronary heart disease and hypertension.

Pay attention to the daily life of family members and children, eat healthily, exercise properly to enhance physical fitness and avoid bad incentives.

Learn the knowledge of heart first aid and make yourself a useful "first witness".

Common methods to deal with errors

Cardiac arrest is a prelude to sudden death, which will cause immeasurable harm to life if it is not handled properly.

1. Don't do on-site first aid, send the patient to the hospital in a panic.

2. Rescue measures to delay cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

3. Beat the patient's heart and lungs too hard.

4. Improper artificial respiration first aid will delay the rescue time.

Correct first aid measures

A, the heart stops beating, to implement cardiac resuscitation as soon as possible:

1. Let the patient lie on his back on the bed or on the ground, and the emergency personnel are beside the patient.

2. Put one hand on the patient's forehead, push it down, put the food and middle finger of the other hand on the patient's chin (chin), and lift it up hard to fully open the patient's airway.

3. Remove nasal and oral secretions to avoid blocking the respiratory tract or flowing back to the lungs, causing suffocation and aspiration pneumonia.

4. Artificial respiration: Cover the patient's mouth with a clean handkerchief or napkin. The rescuer takes a deep breath, holds the patient's nostril, and blows hard from mouth to mouth twice. After observing the fluctuation of chest and abdomen, he blows 12~ 16 times per minute.

5. Chest compressions: First responders can place the root of the left palm on the middle and lower part of the patient's sternum at 65,438+0/3, overlap the root of the right palm on the back of the previous hand and stagger their fingers, then straighten their arms and press them in the direction of the spine with the impact of the operator's weight, but don't use too much force to lower the sternum and its connected ribs by 3~4 cm, thus indirectly pressing the heart, and then quickly relaxing to restore the sternum. After each press, the chest completely bounces back, ensuring that the release time is basically the same as the press time, minimizing the interruption in the press process and ensuring the blood flow of the heart.

6. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation should not be stopped at will, but should be kept until the ambulance arrives, and then escorted to the hospital for further treatment in an appropriate way after the ambulance or medical staff arrive.

Second, the correct operation of pulmonary resuscitation

(1) 1 human cardiopulmonary resuscitation

When only one emergency worker gives CPR to the patient, it should be every 30 chest compressions and artificial respiration alternately.

(2) Double cardiopulmonary resuscitation

When two emergency personnel give CPR to a patient, first of all, two people should be in the corresponding position so as to exchange with each other. At this point, a person does chest compressions; Another person does artificial respiration (two people can count 1, 2, 3, press the heart 30 times, and do mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration twice).

Matters needing attention in real-time cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Mouth-to-mouth blowing volume should not be too large, generally not more than 1200 ml, and the chest may fluctuate slightly. Blowing time should not be too long, which will cause acute gastric dilatation, flatulence and vomiting. Pay attention to observe whether the patient's airway is unobstructed and whether the chest blows when blowing.

Chest compressions can only be performed when the patient's heart stops beating.

Mouth-to-mouth blowing and chest compression should be carried out at the same time, in strict accordance with the proportion of blowing and compression. Too many times of blowing and pressing will affect the success or failure of recovery.

The position of chest compressions must be accurate. Inaccuracy can easily damage other organs. The intensity of pressing should be appropriate, too large and too fierce will easily cause sternal fracture, causing pneumothorax and hemothorax; Pressing pressure is too light and chest pressure is too small to promote blood circulation.

Four minutes of gold rescue time

It was found that the earlier the respiratory and cardiac arrest, the earlier the start of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the higher the survival rate. Four minutes after heartbeat and breathing stop is the key time for first aid. Chest compressions and artificial respiration can be started within four minutes after the patient falls to the ground, which can bring the sudden death back to life. If it takes more than four minutes, brain cells will be necrotic due to severe ischemia and hypoxia, and the patient's hope of survival is slim.

Once a sudden death patient is found, an ambulance should be called immediately. Don't wait for the ambulance to come, and then send it to the hospital after his/her family has made the emergency call. On-site rescue must race against time.